Anatomy & Physiology for Speech, Language,
and Hearing
7th Edition
• Author(s)J. Anthony Seikel, David G.
Drumright, Daniel J. Hudock
TEST BANK
Chapter 11. Neuroanatomy
Overview
Sense, Sensor, and Stimulation
Divisions of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Autonomic and Somatic Nervous Systems
Development Divisions
Anatomy of the Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Neurons……..
,
,Question 1
Which of the following structures is NOT part of the central
nervous system?
A. Thalamus
B. Vagus nerve
C. Cerebellum
D. Spinal cord
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the
brain and spinal cord. The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) is a
peripheral nerve and thus part of the peripheral nervous system
(PNS). Therefore, the vagus nerve is not part of the CNS (Option
B correct). The thalamus, cerebellum, and spinal cord are all
structures of the CNS, so Options A, C, and D are incorrect.
Question 2
Which of the following activities is primarily mediated by the
somatic (voluntary) nervous system?
A. Increasing heart rate during exercise
B. Constriction of the pupil in bright light
C. Contraction of skeletal muscles to move the arm
D. Regulation of salivation during digestion
Correct Answer: C
, Rationale: The somatic nervous system controls voluntary
movements of skeletal muscles. Contracting skeletal muscles to
move the arm (Option C) is a voluntary action and is mediated
by somatic motor neurons. In contrast, increasing heart rate
(Option A), pupillary constriction (Option B), and salivation
(Option D) are involuntary, autonomic functions. Specifically,
heart rate, pupil size, and gland secretion are regulated by the
autonomic nervous system (sympathetic or parasympathetic),
not by conscious control. Thus, Options A, B, and D are
incorrect for the somatic system.
Question 3
Which cell type is responsible for myelinating axons within the
central nervous system?
A. Schwann cells
B. Oligodendrocytes
C. Astrocytes
D. Satellite cells
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oligodendrocytes are the glial cells that form myelin
sheaths in the central nervous system. Each oligodendrocyte
can myelinate multiple CNS axons. In contrast, Schwann cells
myelinate axons in the peripheral nervous system, not the CNS.
Astrocytes and satellite cells are glial support cells (astrocytes in
CNS, satellite cells in PNS) but do not form myelin. Thus Option
and Hearing
7th Edition
• Author(s)J. Anthony Seikel, David G.
Drumright, Daniel J. Hudock
TEST BANK
Chapter 11. Neuroanatomy
Overview
Sense, Sensor, and Stimulation
Divisions of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Autonomic and Somatic Nervous Systems
Development Divisions
Anatomy of the Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Neurons……..
,
,Question 1
Which of the following structures is NOT part of the central
nervous system?
A. Thalamus
B. Vagus nerve
C. Cerebellum
D. Spinal cord
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the
brain and spinal cord. The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) is a
peripheral nerve and thus part of the peripheral nervous system
(PNS). Therefore, the vagus nerve is not part of the CNS (Option
B correct). The thalamus, cerebellum, and spinal cord are all
structures of the CNS, so Options A, C, and D are incorrect.
Question 2
Which of the following activities is primarily mediated by the
somatic (voluntary) nervous system?
A. Increasing heart rate during exercise
B. Constriction of the pupil in bright light
C. Contraction of skeletal muscles to move the arm
D. Regulation of salivation during digestion
Correct Answer: C
, Rationale: The somatic nervous system controls voluntary
movements of skeletal muscles. Contracting skeletal muscles to
move the arm (Option C) is a voluntary action and is mediated
by somatic motor neurons. In contrast, increasing heart rate
(Option A), pupillary constriction (Option B), and salivation
(Option D) are involuntary, autonomic functions. Specifically,
heart rate, pupil size, and gland secretion are regulated by the
autonomic nervous system (sympathetic or parasympathetic),
not by conscious control. Thus, Options A, B, and D are
incorrect for the somatic system.
Question 3
Which cell type is responsible for myelinating axons within the
central nervous system?
A. Schwann cells
B. Oligodendrocytes
C. Astrocytes
D. Satellite cells
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oligodendrocytes are the glial cells that form myelin
sheaths in the central nervous system. Each oligodendrocyte
can myelinate multiple CNS axons. In contrast, Schwann cells
myelinate axons in the peripheral nervous system, not the CNS.
Astrocytes and satellite cells are glial support cells (astrocytes in
CNS, satellite cells in PNS) but do not form myelin. Thus Option
