JD-Next Practice Exam: 200 Questions with
Answers and Explanations
Welcome to this comprehensive JD-Next practice exam featuring 200 law questions with detailed
answers and rationales. This guide covers Contracts, Torts, Criminal Law, Property, Evidence, and
Constitutional Law .
SECTION 1: CONTRACTS (Questions 1-40)
Formation & Offer/Acceptance
Q1. On Monday, Seller offers in writing to sell Buyer a vintage car for $20,000, stating "this offer will
remain open until Friday." On Tuesday, Buyer calls Seller and says, "I'll give you $18,000." Seller says
nothing. On Wednesday, Buyer changes his mind and calls Seller saying, "I accept your original offer of
$20,000." Is there a contract?
• A) Yes, because the original offer was irrevocable until Friday
• B) Yes, because Buyer's $18,000 proposal was not a rejection but a mere inquiry
• C) No, because Buyer's $18,000 counteroffer terminated the original offer
• D) No, because the offer was not in a signed writing
✅ Answer: C
Rationale: Under common law, a counteroffer operates as a rejection of the original offer and
terminates it. Buyer's statement "I'll give you $18,000" is a counteroffer, not a mere inquiry. The original
offer was not an option contract (no consideration given to keep it open), so Seller was free to revoke or
let it be terminated by counteroffer. Seller's silence does not constitute acceptance of the counteroffer .
Q2. A retailer advertises a new laptop for $299 in a newspaper circular. The ad states "limited supply,
first come first served." A customer arrives at the store at opening time, but the retailer has sold out.
The customer sues for breach of contract. What is the likely outcome?
• A) The customer wins because advertisements are offers
• B) The customer wins because the ad specified "first come first served"
• C) The retailer wins because advertisements are generally invitations to make an offer, not
offers
• D) The retailer wins because the customer did not pay consideration
✅ Answer: C
, Rationale: Generally, advertisements are invitations to bargain, not offers. An exception exists for ads
that are clear, definite, and leave nothing open for negotiation (e.g., reward offers). Here, the ad
specified limited supply, indicating it was not an offer to all but an invitation for customers to make
offers .
Capacity & Minor Contracts
Q3. A 16-year-old enters into a contract to buy a car from a dealer for $10,000. The minor pays $2,000
down and drives the car for 6 months. The minor then seeks to disaffirm the contract. What is the
likely outcome?
• A) The minor cannot disaffirm because the car is a necessity
• B) The minor can disaffirm but must return the car and is entitled to a full refund of the $2,000
• C) The minor can disaffirm but may be subject to a deduction for depreciation
• D) The minor cannot disaffirm because 6 months is an unreasonable time
✅ Answer: B
Rationale: Minors may disaffirm contracts at any time before reaching majority or within a reasonable
time thereafter. Upon disaffirmance, the minor must return any consideration still in their possession,
but is entitled to a full refund of money paid, even if the goods have depreciated. Some states allow a
deduction for "use value," but the general rule is full recovery .
Mirror Image Rule & UCC
Q4. Seller offers to sell Buyer 100 shares of stock for $50/share. Buyer responds, "I accept, but
payment will be made in 60 days." Seller does not respond. Is there a contract?
• A) Yes, because Buyer's response was a definite acceptance
• B) Yes, under the UCC because the additional term is not material
• C) No, because Buyer's response added a term and thus is a counteroffer at common law
• D) No, because the offer was not in writing
✅ Answer: C
Rationale: Under common law (applicable to stock sales, which are not goods under the UCC), the
mirror image rule requires acceptance to exactly match the offer. Any additional or different term
makes the response a counteroffer and rejects the original offer. Here, adding a 60-day payment term is
a counteroffer, and Seller's silence is not acceptance .
Parol Evidence Rule
Answers and Explanations
Welcome to this comprehensive JD-Next practice exam featuring 200 law questions with detailed
answers and rationales. This guide covers Contracts, Torts, Criminal Law, Property, Evidence, and
Constitutional Law .
SECTION 1: CONTRACTS (Questions 1-40)
Formation & Offer/Acceptance
Q1. On Monday, Seller offers in writing to sell Buyer a vintage car for $20,000, stating "this offer will
remain open until Friday." On Tuesday, Buyer calls Seller and says, "I'll give you $18,000." Seller says
nothing. On Wednesday, Buyer changes his mind and calls Seller saying, "I accept your original offer of
$20,000." Is there a contract?
• A) Yes, because the original offer was irrevocable until Friday
• B) Yes, because Buyer's $18,000 proposal was not a rejection but a mere inquiry
• C) No, because Buyer's $18,000 counteroffer terminated the original offer
• D) No, because the offer was not in a signed writing
✅ Answer: C
Rationale: Under common law, a counteroffer operates as a rejection of the original offer and
terminates it. Buyer's statement "I'll give you $18,000" is a counteroffer, not a mere inquiry. The original
offer was not an option contract (no consideration given to keep it open), so Seller was free to revoke or
let it be terminated by counteroffer. Seller's silence does not constitute acceptance of the counteroffer .
Q2. A retailer advertises a new laptop for $299 in a newspaper circular. The ad states "limited supply,
first come first served." A customer arrives at the store at opening time, but the retailer has sold out.
The customer sues for breach of contract. What is the likely outcome?
• A) The customer wins because advertisements are offers
• B) The customer wins because the ad specified "first come first served"
• C) The retailer wins because advertisements are generally invitations to make an offer, not
offers
• D) The retailer wins because the customer did not pay consideration
✅ Answer: C
, Rationale: Generally, advertisements are invitations to bargain, not offers. An exception exists for ads
that are clear, definite, and leave nothing open for negotiation (e.g., reward offers). Here, the ad
specified limited supply, indicating it was not an offer to all but an invitation for customers to make
offers .
Capacity & Minor Contracts
Q3. A 16-year-old enters into a contract to buy a car from a dealer for $10,000. The minor pays $2,000
down and drives the car for 6 months. The minor then seeks to disaffirm the contract. What is the
likely outcome?
• A) The minor cannot disaffirm because the car is a necessity
• B) The minor can disaffirm but must return the car and is entitled to a full refund of the $2,000
• C) The minor can disaffirm but may be subject to a deduction for depreciation
• D) The minor cannot disaffirm because 6 months is an unreasonable time
✅ Answer: B
Rationale: Minors may disaffirm contracts at any time before reaching majority or within a reasonable
time thereafter. Upon disaffirmance, the minor must return any consideration still in their possession,
but is entitled to a full refund of money paid, even if the goods have depreciated. Some states allow a
deduction for "use value," but the general rule is full recovery .
Mirror Image Rule & UCC
Q4. Seller offers to sell Buyer 100 shares of stock for $50/share. Buyer responds, "I accept, but
payment will be made in 60 days." Seller does not respond. Is there a contract?
• A) Yes, because Buyer's response was a definite acceptance
• B) Yes, under the UCC because the additional term is not material
• C) No, because Buyer's response added a term and thus is a counteroffer at common law
• D) No, because the offer was not in writing
✅ Answer: C
Rationale: Under common law (applicable to stock sales, which are not goods under the UCC), the
mirror image rule requires acceptance to exactly match the offer. Any additional or different term
makes the response a counteroffer and rejects the original offer. Here, adding a 60-day payment term is
a counteroffer, and Seller's silence is not acceptance .
Parol Evidence Rule
