COMM 348 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Grue's final definition of inspiration porn - Answers - Inspiration porn the representation
of disability as a desirable but undesired characteristic (this person got the short straw
in life but look at their will power)
Objectification (Element of inspo porn) - Answers - Being used as object and delivering
gratification to the observer, audience is assumed not to be disabled
Devaluation (Element of inspo porn) - Answers - Suggests walking on prosthetic leg is
this huge achievement when it's really just normal walking for the person-- there is a
smaller scope of achievement for disabled people
Individualization (Element of inspo porn) - Answers - Views disability as a problem
located in individual bodies to be overcome thru individual efforts even though there
have been institutional decisions not to accommodate those people→ the disability is all
on you vs. let's change the environment to suit you more
Two forms of inspo porn - Answers - 1. Defamiliarizing the ordinary
2. Fetishizing the extraordinary
Devaluation (Element of inspo porn) - Answers - Suggests walking on prosthetic leg is
this huge achievement when it's really just normal walking for the person-- there is a
smaller scope of achievement for disabled people
Fetishizing the extraordinary (form of inspo porn) - Answers - Turning a disabled person
into a prized symbol and has nothing to do with who the person is, for example focusing
on an athlete's prosthetic leg instead of their athletic achievement
The logic of moral balance (regarding inspo porn) - Answers - "Desirable but
undesired": ex. "it is desirable to have that photographic memory but I don't want it
because you are also autistic"
The "savant" skill of inspo porn - Answers - Willpower
Medical Model (regarding disability) - Answers - Disabled dependent on health
professionals for cures or maintenance (to fix an INDIVIDUAL problem in an
INDIVIDUAL'S body. Not an environmental issue), tests for disabilities and then carries
out experiments to make them more normal and if not kill them
Social Pathology Model (regarding disability) - Answers - Disabled people are a drain on
society, dependent on benefits/society for support
, Supercrip Model (regarding disability) - Answers - Disabled represented as
"superhuman" - unexpected accomplishments for normal activities, says you can
overcome everything, framed as supreme strength, doesn't address issue of how
societies can be constructed to accommodate people with disabilities
Social Comparison Theory (Festinger) - Answers - We have an instinctual drive to
evaluate our lives by comparing ourselves to others similar to us in ability and opinion in
order to know where we stand in society
Referents for self comparison - Answers - -In person
-Mass media
-social media
Upward Comparisons - Answers - When you compare yourself to someone who is
better than you, can motivate you to improve but also make you feel bad about yourself
Downward Comparisons - Answers - When you compare yourself to someone who is
worse than you, makes you feel better about yourself
Lateral Comparisons - Answers - When you compare yourself to someone who is the
same as you, make us feel happy, "OK, I am right where I'm supposed to be"
Objectification Theory (Fredrickson & Roberts) - Answers - Focusing on the "me" self
rather than the "I" self
Sexual Objectification - Answers - Feeling like you are a body valued for its use to
others, only as good as what your body looks like
Self-objectification and two types - Answers - Internalizing an observer's perspective on
yourself; your value is in the hands of others
1. state
2. trait
State Self-objectification - Answers - - Context dependent, attention is called to the body
at a certain moment (ex. Catcalls, staring at breasts or staring at other body parts)
- Effects may include shame, anxiety, impaired task performance
Trait Self-objectification - Answers - - When we internalize objectified minds of other
people, so much so that we objectify ourselves even when we are by ourselves; when
objectified lens becomes permanent in public and private settings (when you experience
state objectification so much that you develop trait self objectification)
- Effects may include depression, sexual dysfunction, disordered eating (ex. Many
celebs have these issues because their jobs have so much objectification, that they
start to internalize it)
Grue's final definition of inspiration porn - Answers - Inspiration porn the representation
of disability as a desirable but undesired characteristic (this person got the short straw
in life but look at their will power)
Objectification (Element of inspo porn) - Answers - Being used as object and delivering
gratification to the observer, audience is assumed not to be disabled
Devaluation (Element of inspo porn) - Answers - Suggests walking on prosthetic leg is
this huge achievement when it's really just normal walking for the person-- there is a
smaller scope of achievement for disabled people
Individualization (Element of inspo porn) - Answers - Views disability as a problem
located in individual bodies to be overcome thru individual efforts even though there
have been institutional decisions not to accommodate those people→ the disability is all
on you vs. let's change the environment to suit you more
Two forms of inspo porn - Answers - 1. Defamiliarizing the ordinary
2. Fetishizing the extraordinary
Devaluation (Element of inspo porn) - Answers - Suggests walking on prosthetic leg is
this huge achievement when it's really just normal walking for the person-- there is a
smaller scope of achievement for disabled people
Fetishizing the extraordinary (form of inspo porn) - Answers - Turning a disabled person
into a prized symbol and has nothing to do with who the person is, for example focusing
on an athlete's prosthetic leg instead of their athletic achievement
The logic of moral balance (regarding inspo porn) - Answers - "Desirable but
undesired": ex. "it is desirable to have that photographic memory but I don't want it
because you are also autistic"
The "savant" skill of inspo porn - Answers - Willpower
Medical Model (regarding disability) - Answers - Disabled dependent on health
professionals for cures or maintenance (to fix an INDIVIDUAL problem in an
INDIVIDUAL'S body. Not an environmental issue), tests for disabilities and then carries
out experiments to make them more normal and if not kill them
Social Pathology Model (regarding disability) - Answers - Disabled people are a drain on
society, dependent on benefits/society for support
, Supercrip Model (regarding disability) - Answers - Disabled represented as
"superhuman" - unexpected accomplishments for normal activities, says you can
overcome everything, framed as supreme strength, doesn't address issue of how
societies can be constructed to accommodate people with disabilities
Social Comparison Theory (Festinger) - Answers - We have an instinctual drive to
evaluate our lives by comparing ourselves to others similar to us in ability and opinion in
order to know where we stand in society
Referents for self comparison - Answers - -In person
-Mass media
-social media
Upward Comparisons - Answers - When you compare yourself to someone who is
better than you, can motivate you to improve but also make you feel bad about yourself
Downward Comparisons - Answers - When you compare yourself to someone who is
worse than you, makes you feel better about yourself
Lateral Comparisons - Answers - When you compare yourself to someone who is the
same as you, make us feel happy, "OK, I am right where I'm supposed to be"
Objectification Theory (Fredrickson & Roberts) - Answers - Focusing on the "me" self
rather than the "I" self
Sexual Objectification - Answers - Feeling like you are a body valued for its use to
others, only as good as what your body looks like
Self-objectification and two types - Answers - Internalizing an observer's perspective on
yourself; your value is in the hands of others
1. state
2. trait
State Self-objectification - Answers - - Context dependent, attention is called to the body
at a certain moment (ex. Catcalls, staring at breasts or staring at other body parts)
- Effects may include shame, anxiety, impaired task performance
Trait Self-objectification - Answers - - When we internalize objectified minds of other
people, so much so that we objectify ourselves even when we are by ourselves; when
objectified lens becomes permanent in public and private settings (when you experience
state objectification so much that you develop trait self objectification)
- Effects may include depression, sexual dysfunction, disordered eating (ex. Many
celebs have these issues because their jobs have so much objectification, that they
start to internalize it)
