Rasmussen College MDC 3 Updated Actual
Question and Answer (2026/2027) | A+
Verified
• respiratory alkalosis -✓✓ high pH, low CO2
pH: 7.35-7.45 acidic-basic
HCO3: 21-28 acidic-basic
CO2: 45-35 acidic-basic
• metabolic acidosis -✓✓ low pH, low HCO3
pH: 7.35-7.45 acidic-basic
HCO3: 21-28 acidic-basic
CO2: 45-35 acidic-basic
• respiratory acidosis -✓✓ low pH, high CO2
pH: 7.35-7.45 acidic-basic
HCO3: 21-28 acidic-basic
CO2: 45-35 acidic-basic
• metabolic alkalosis -✓✓ high pH, high HCO3
pH: 7.35-7.45 acidic-basic
HCO3: 21-28 acidic-basic
CO2: 45-35 acidic-basic
• ▪ change in condition make take priority over ABCs (ex: post op bleeding is priority
over an O2 Sat% of 90%)
▪ pick the patient that is going to die first -✓✓ Priority questions...something to consider
• CPR, press the code button -✓✓ You walk into your patient's room and they *don't
have a pulse*, what are you going to do?
• bag resuscitation, press the code button -✓✓ You walk into your patient's room and
they are *not breathing but have a pulse*, what are you going to do?
• ▪ unconscious, pulseless
▪ shock them with the AED! -✓✓ If you walk into a room with a patient that is in
*ventricular fibrillation (v fib)*
, ▪ How will they present?
▪ What must we do to get them out of that state?
• ▪ make them bear down (valsalva maneuver)
▪ make them cough (vagal maneuver) -✓✓ If you walk into a room and a patient is alert
and oriented, speaking to you, has a pulse, but their cardiac monitor shows they are in
*ventricular tachycardia*
▪ What are you going to do?
• Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) -✓✓ Which cardiac rhythm requires the patient to
take *adenosine*?
• ▪ they may end up with a *blood clot* because the blood is pooling in the atria -✓✓
What is our priority concern for a patient in *atrial fibrillation (a-fib)*?
• *control RVR for patient:*
▪ give anticoagulants
▪ beta blockers, digoxin, diltiazem
▪ if meds don't work...cardioversion (synchronized shock to re-start the rhythm)
▪ if cardioversion doesn't work...ablation -✓✓ Nursing Interventions: *A-fib RVR*
• ▪ chest pain
▪ SOB
▪ diaphoresis
▪ N/V
▪ hypertension
▪ tachycardia
▪ jaw pain, anxiety, indigestion (women)
▪ elevated troponin levels
▪ EKG changes - ST elevation -✓✓ If you have a patient who comes into the ED and
they are having an MI, what are the signs/symptoms? lab values to confirm this?
• *Oxygen* - 1st
*Nitro* - given sublingual, 3 doses q 5 min (home), drip (hospital), drops BP
(vasodilator)
*Aspirin* - antiplatelet, stops clotting, 325 mg, chew it
*Morphine* - calms the patient down, helps pain -✓✓ Treatment: *Myocardial Infarction*
• ▪ CPK
▪ troponin
▪ CK-MB
▪ BNP -✓✓ Name the cardiac enzymes
• angioplasty
Question and Answer (2026/2027) | A+
Verified
• respiratory alkalosis -✓✓ high pH, low CO2
pH: 7.35-7.45 acidic-basic
HCO3: 21-28 acidic-basic
CO2: 45-35 acidic-basic
• metabolic acidosis -✓✓ low pH, low HCO3
pH: 7.35-7.45 acidic-basic
HCO3: 21-28 acidic-basic
CO2: 45-35 acidic-basic
• respiratory acidosis -✓✓ low pH, high CO2
pH: 7.35-7.45 acidic-basic
HCO3: 21-28 acidic-basic
CO2: 45-35 acidic-basic
• metabolic alkalosis -✓✓ high pH, high HCO3
pH: 7.35-7.45 acidic-basic
HCO3: 21-28 acidic-basic
CO2: 45-35 acidic-basic
• ▪ change in condition make take priority over ABCs (ex: post op bleeding is priority
over an O2 Sat% of 90%)
▪ pick the patient that is going to die first -✓✓ Priority questions...something to consider
• CPR, press the code button -✓✓ You walk into your patient's room and they *don't
have a pulse*, what are you going to do?
• bag resuscitation, press the code button -✓✓ You walk into your patient's room and
they are *not breathing but have a pulse*, what are you going to do?
• ▪ unconscious, pulseless
▪ shock them with the AED! -✓✓ If you walk into a room with a patient that is in
*ventricular fibrillation (v fib)*
, ▪ How will they present?
▪ What must we do to get them out of that state?
• ▪ make them bear down (valsalva maneuver)
▪ make them cough (vagal maneuver) -✓✓ If you walk into a room and a patient is alert
and oriented, speaking to you, has a pulse, but their cardiac monitor shows they are in
*ventricular tachycardia*
▪ What are you going to do?
• Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) -✓✓ Which cardiac rhythm requires the patient to
take *adenosine*?
• ▪ they may end up with a *blood clot* because the blood is pooling in the atria -✓✓
What is our priority concern for a patient in *atrial fibrillation (a-fib)*?
• *control RVR for patient:*
▪ give anticoagulants
▪ beta blockers, digoxin, diltiazem
▪ if meds don't work...cardioversion (synchronized shock to re-start the rhythm)
▪ if cardioversion doesn't work...ablation -✓✓ Nursing Interventions: *A-fib RVR*
• ▪ chest pain
▪ SOB
▪ diaphoresis
▪ N/V
▪ hypertension
▪ tachycardia
▪ jaw pain, anxiety, indigestion (women)
▪ elevated troponin levels
▪ EKG changes - ST elevation -✓✓ If you have a patient who comes into the ED and
they are having an MI, what are the signs/symptoms? lab values to confirm this?
• *Oxygen* - 1st
*Nitro* - given sublingual, 3 doses q 5 min (home), drip (hospital), drops BP
(vasodilator)
*Aspirin* - antiplatelet, stops clotting, 325 mg, chew it
*Morphine* - calms the patient down, helps pain -✓✓ Treatment: *Myocardial Infarction*
• ▪ CPK
▪ troponin
▪ CK-MB
▪ BNP -✓✓ Name the cardiac enzymes
• angioplasty
