NUR 228 Final Exam (PDF) | Latest 2026/27 Practice Questions & Study Guide Graded A+ | Guaranteed Pass

NUR 228 Final Exam (PDF) | Latest 2026/27 Practice
Questions & Study Guide
Graded A+ | Guaranteed Pass
1. Describe the significance of the resolution phase in the immune response to an infection.
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. . The resolution phase involves the production of more immune cells.
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. . The resolution phase marks the beginning of a new infection.
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The resolution phase indicates that the infection has been cleared and
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.. normal physiological function is restored. .. .. .. ..




. . The resolution phase is when inflammation begins to increase.
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2. Adelayed hypersensitivity reaction (develops in sensitized individual 24-48 hours after
. . . . . . . . .. .


contact with antigen) is classified as:
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. . Type IV: ..




.. Type II: ..




.. Type I: ..




.. Type III: ..




3. Which of the following statements defines exudate?
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..The escape of fluid from blood vessels or lymphatics and its collection
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.in a body cavity or in tissues.
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.. Atype of white blood cell that is used to diagnose systemic lupus erythematosus
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.. (SLE).

..Atype of fluid that accumulates in the cavities of the body and is composed of
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.high levels of protein, inflammatory cells, and other substances.
. . . . . . . ..

, A type of fluid that accumulates in the cavities of the body and is
. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..


composed primarily of water and small amounts of electrolytes and protein.
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4. Infected mothers can transmit viral infections to offspring:
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In utero, during delivery through infected birth canal, and after birth by
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.. ingestion of breast milk .. .. ..




. . In utero ..




. . After birth by ingestion of breast milk
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. . During delivery through infected birth canal
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5. __________ are cells that release histamine in an IgE hypersensitivity response.
. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .




.. Mast cells ..




. . T cells ..




. . B cells ..




.. Dendritic cells ..




6. Describe how increased vascular permeability contributes to the inflammatory
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response.
.




. . Increased vascular permeability reduces blood flow to the injured area.
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..Increased vascular permeability allows fluid and immune cells to enter
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.tissues, facilitating the inflammatory response.
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.. Increased vascular permeability only affects blood flow, not immune response.
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.. Increased vascular permeability prevents immune cells from reaching the site of
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.. injury.

,7. Describe the significance of phagocytosis in the immune response.
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. . Phagocytosis only occurs in the presence of antibodies. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..




Phagocytosis is crucial for engulfing and destroying pathogens, thereby
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preventing infection and promoting healing.
. . . . .




. . Phagocytosis is primarily involved in the production of antibodies.
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. . Phagocytosis is a process that only occurs in the lymphatic system.
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8. Describe the role of neutrophils inType III hypersensitivity reactions.
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. . Neutrophils suppress the immune response to prevent tissue damage.
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. . Neutrophils activate complement proteins to enhance the immune response.
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Neutrophils produce antibodies that neutralize the antigens involved in the
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. reaction.

Neutrophils are recruited to the site of immune complex deposition, where they
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attempt to phagocytize the complexes, leading to
. . . . . . .


inflammation and tissue damage. .. .. ..




9. What is the primary action of bactericidal medications?
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. . Kill bacteria ..




. . Enhance immune response .. ..




. . Promote bacterial reproduction . . ..




. . Inhibit bacterial growth .. ..




10. What is the primary indication that an infection has been resolved in the immune
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response?
.




. . New immune cells are produced.
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, . . Symptoms of the infection remain. .. .. .. ..




. . Inflammation persists. ..




. . The body has returned to normal.
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11. What is the primary change in symptoms during the decline stage of an infection?
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. . Symptoms worsen ..




. . Symptoms become more severe .. .. ..




. . Symptoms lessen ..




. . Symptoms remain the same .. .. ..




12. Describe the relationship between vascular collapse and anaphylaxis in the
.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . context of
.


the immune response.
. . .




Vascular collapse occurs as a result of anaphylaxis, where severe allergic
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reactions lead to a critical drop in blood pressure.
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. . Vascular collapse is a normal response to minor allergic reactions.
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. . Vascular collapse is unrelated to anaphylaxis and occurs due to dehydration.
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. . Vascular collapse is a condition that only occurs in autoimmune disorders.
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13. What are the three main approaches to manage infections during pregnancy?
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. . Vaccination, herbal remedies, and rest .. .. .. ..




. . Monitoring, pharmacological treatments, and preventive measures
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. . Antibiotics, blood transfusions, and isolation .. .. .. ..