RADIOLOGIC REVIEW|VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS|RATED AND GRADED A+ NEW UPDATE| 2026/2027
Single phase voltage ripple - ANSWER✔ 100% ripple
3 phase 6 pulse voltage ripple - ANSWER✔ 14%
3 phase, 12 pulse ripple - ANSWER✔ 4%
Hi Frequency voltage ripple - ANSWER✔ 1%
Decreased Anode Angle equals... - ANSWER✔ Increased anode heel effect
Which side of the tube is higher intensity? - ANSWER✔ Cathode
The smaller the anode angle, the _________ the effective focal spot. - ANSWER✔ smaller
As the anode target angle increases: - ANSWER✔ Effective focal spot size increases
What two interactions occur at the anode? - ANSWER✔ Bremsstrahlung
Characteristic
Electron - ANSWER✔ Straight
Photon - ANSWER✔ Wave
Primary Beam - ANSWER✔ X-rays that are produced by the tube and strike the patient.
Comprised of either bremsstrahlung and/or characteristic
,Remnant Beam - ANSWER✔ The x-ray beam that remains after interaction with the patient and is
exiting the patient to expose the image receptor.
Made up of primary and secondary radiation.
Scatter radiation increases as ___________________ increases. - ANSWER✔ field size
Scatter radiation - ANSWER✔ A type of secondary radiation that occurs when the beam intercepts an
object, causing the x-rays to be scattered.
kVp determines: - ANSWER✔ Penetration
Quality (energy)
What is the controlling factor of quality? - ANSWER✔ kVp
If you increase kVp what is the effect on quality? - ANSWER✔ It increases
What determines the quantity of x-ray photons? - ANSWER✔ mAs
What happens to patient exposure when the mA is increased? - ANSWER✔ It increases
More x-ray photons (mA) means.... - ANSWER✔ More patient dose
Frequency - ANSWER✔ -Number of waves
-the higher the energy of the x-ray, the higher the frequency
Wavelength - ANSWER✔ Distance between the tops of the waves
wavelength and frequency - ANSWER✔ inversely proportional
,If kVp is increased, what happens to wavelength? - ANSWER✔ It becomes shorter
kVp controls - ANSWER✔ Beam quality
Subject contrast
Beam energy
Penetrability
When kVp is increased does scatter increase or decrease? - ANSWER✔ Scatter increases
Short scale of contrast (short gray scale) - ANSWER✔ High contrast
Long scale of contrast (Long gray scale) - ANSWER✔ Low contrast
Digital Image Contrast is controlled by... - ANSWER✔ The look-up-table (LUT)
SHALL - ANSWER✔ Short (scale)
High (contrast)
and
Long (scale)
Low (contrast)
mA (milliamperage) controls - ANSWER✔ Beam quantity
Receptor exposure
Patient dose
mAs calculation - ANSWER✔ mA x seconds= mAs
, Receptor exposure may be defined as: - ANSWER✔ Amount of remnant radiation striking the image
receptor
What kind of relationship does mAs have with patient dose? - ANSWER✔ Direct relationship
What kind of relationship does mAs have with receptor exposure? - ANSWER✔ Direct relationship
Orthostatic breathing techniques - ANSWER✔ Long second exposure (example lateral t-spine, RAO
sternum, transthoracic humerus)
What causes quantum mottle? - ANSWER✔ insufficient mAs
What is the main controller of receptor exposure? - ANSWER✔ mAs
Does mAs effect contrast? - ANSWER✔ No
Does mAs effect scatter? - ANSWER✔ No
mAs reciprocity - ANSWER✔ Any combination of mA and time that equals a particular mAs value will
produce the same density (and exposure).
100 mA @ 0.1 sec. = 10 mAs
500 mA @ 0.02 sec. = 10 mAs
1000 mA @ 0.01 sec. = 10 mAs
10 mAs = 10 mAs = 10 mAs . . . . = *Reciprocity*
How do we prevent motion unsharpness? - ANSWER✔ Short exposure time
What happens to the field of view when beam restriction or collimation are increased? - ANSWER✔
The field of view or light field decreases.
ANSWERS|RATED AND GRADED A+ NEW UPDATE| 2026/2027
Single phase voltage ripple - ANSWER✔ 100% ripple
3 phase 6 pulse voltage ripple - ANSWER✔ 14%
3 phase, 12 pulse ripple - ANSWER✔ 4%
Hi Frequency voltage ripple - ANSWER✔ 1%
Decreased Anode Angle equals... - ANSWER✔ Increased anode heel effect
Which side of the tube is higher intensity? - ANSWER✔ Cathode
The smaller the anode angle, the _________ the effective focal spot. - ANSWER✔ smaller
As the anode target angle increases: - ANSWER✔ Effective focal spot size increases
What two interactions occur at the anode? - ANSWER✔ Bremsstrahlung
Characteristic
Electron - ANSWER✔ Straight
Photon - ANSWER✔ Wave
Primary Beam - ANSWER✔ X-rays that are produced by the tube and strike the patient.
Comprised of either bremsstrahlung and/or characteristic
,Remnant Beam - ANSWER✔ The x-ray beam that remains after interaction with the patient and is
exiting the patient to expose the image receptor.
Made up of primary and secondary radiation.
Scatter radiation increases as ___________________ increases. - ANSWER✔ field size
Scatter radiation - ANSWER✔ A type of secondary radiation that occurs when the beam intercepts an
object, causing the x-rays to be scattered.
kVp determines: - ANSWER✔ Penetration
Quality (energy)
What is the controlling factor of quality? - ANSWER✔ kVp
If you increase kVp what is the effect on quality? - ANSWER✔ It increases
What determines the quantity of x-ray photons? - ANSWER✔ mAs
What happens to patient exposure when the mA is increased? - ANSWER✔ It increases
More x-ray photons (mA) means.... - ANSWER✔ More patient dose
Frequency - ANSWER✔ -Number of waves
-the higher the energy of the x-ray, the higher the frequency
Wavelength - ANSWER✔ Distance between the tops of the waves
wavelength and frequency - ANSWER✔ inversely proportional
,If kVp is increased, what happens to wavelength? - ANSWER✔ It becomes shorter
kVp controls - ANSWER✔ Beam quality
Subject contrast
Beam energy
Penetrability
When kVp is increased does scatter increase or decrease? - ANSWER✔ Scatter increases
Short scale of contrast (short gray scale) - ANSWER✔ High contrast
Long scale of contrast (Long gray scale) - ANSWER✔ Low contrast
Digital Image Contrast is controlled by... - ANSWER✔ The look-up-table (LUT)
SHALL - ANSWER✔ Short (scale)
High (contrast)
and
Long (scale)
Low (contrast)
mA (milliamperage) controls - ANSWER✔ Beam quantity
Receptor exposure
Patient dose
mAs calculation - ANSWER✔ mA x seconds= mAs
, Receptor exposure may be defined as: - ANSWER✔ Amount of remnant radiation striking the image
receptor
What kind of relationship does mAs have with patient dose? - ANSWER✔ Direct relationship
What kind of relationship does mAs have with receptor exposure? - ANSWER✔ Direct relationship
Orthostatic breathing techniques - ANSWER✔ Long second exposure (example lateral t-spine, RAO
sternum, transthoracic humerus)
What causes quantum mottle? - ANSWER✔ insufficient mAs
What is the main controller of receptor exposure? - ANSWER✔ mAs
Does mAs effect contrast? - ANSWER✔ No
Does mAs effect scatter? - ANSWER✔ No
mAs reciprocity - ANSWER✔ Any combination of mA and time that equals a particular mAs value will
produce the same density (and exposure).
100 mA @ 0.1 sec. = 10 mAs
500 mA @ 0.02 sec. = 10 mAs
1000 mA @ 0.01 sec. = 10 mAs
10 mAs = 10 mAs = 10 mAs . . . . = *Reciprocity*
How do we prevent motion unsharpness? - ANSWER✔ Short exposure time
What happens to the field of view when beam restriction or collimation are increased? - ANSWER✔
The field of view or light field decreases.
