CNSL 503 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT AN
ff ff ff ff ff
SWERS 2025 ff
statisticff-ffCORRECTffANSWERff-
numericalffvalueffthatffisffgeneratedfffromfftheffindividualffscoresffinfftheffdatasetffofffaffsample
Parameterff-kCORRECTffANSWERff-
affnumericalffvalueffgeneratedfffromfftheffindividualffscoresffinfftheffdatasetffoffftheffentireffpopulation.ffRemembe
ffrffthisffsaying:ffstatisticff=ffsample;ffparameterff=ffpopulation.
representativeffsampleff-ffCORRECTffANSWERff-
composedffofffmembersffthatffgenerallyffpossessfftheffsameffcharacteristicsffasffthoseffoffftheffpopulation.
Randomffsampling,ff-ffCORRECTffANSWERff-
Randomffsampling,ffinffwhichffeveryffmemberffoffftheffpopulationffhasffanffequalffchanceffofffbeingkselected,ffincr
effasesfftheffreliabilityffoffftheffstudyffresults.ffRandomffsamplingffisffaffformffofffprobabilityffsampling,ffwhereffeach
ffmffemberffiskindependentffoffftheffothers
Simpleffrandomffsamplingff-kCORRECTffANSWERff-
eachffindividualffinfftheffpopulationffofffsizeffhasffanffequalffchanceffofffbeingffselectedffforfftheffsample.ffIfffyouffhav
effeverffwrittenffindividualffnamesffonffseparateffpiecesffofffpaper,ffplacedffallfftheffpiecesffofffpaperffinffaffhat,ffandffs
eleffctedffnameskfromfftheffhat,ffyouffhaveffconductedffsimpleffrandomffsampling
Simpleffrandomffsamplingffreliesffonffchanceffinfforderfftoffcreateffaffrepresentativeffsample.ffItffisffnotffpracticalfftoffu
seffthisffmethodffforfflargeffpopulations,
Stratifiedffsamplingff-ffCORRECTffANSWERff-affpopulationffcanffbeffdividedffintoffsubgroupsffcalledffstrata.
randomlyffgatheringffdatafffromffsubgroupsffwithinffaffsample.ffStrataffsuchffasffrace,ffgender,ffandffsocioeconomicffstat
usffareffclearlyffdefined
Stratifiedffsamplingffisffusedffwhenfftheffresearcherffwantsfftoffcompareffoutcomesffforffdifferentffsubgroupsffwithiff
nffaffpopulationfforfftoffcompareffoutcomesffbetweenffsubgroups.ffThereffarefftwofftypesffofffstratifiedffsamplingk
-ffproportionalffandffnon-proportiona
ff ff ff ff ff
SWERS 2025 ff
statisticff-ffCORRECTffANSWERff-
numericalffvalueffthatffisffgeneratedfffromfftheffindividualffscoresffinfftheffdatasetffofffaffsample
Parameterff-kCORRECTffANSWERff-
affnumericalffvalueffgeneratedfffromfftheffindividualffscoresffinfftheffdatasetffoffftheffentireffpopulation.ffRemembe
ffrffthisffsaying:ffstatisticff=ffsample;ffparameterff=ffpopulation.
representativeffsampleff-ffCORRECTffANSWERff-
composedffofffmembersffthatffgenerallyffpossessfftheffsameffcharacteristicsffasffthoseffoffftheffpopulation.
Randomffsampling,ff-ffCORRECTffANSWERff-
Randomffsampling,ffinffwhichffeveryffmemberffoffftheffpopulationffhasffanffequalffchanceffofffbeingkselected,ffincr
effasesfftheffreliabilityffoffftheffstudyffresults.ffRandomffsamplingffisffaffformffofffprobabilityffsampling,ffwhereffeach
ffmffemberffiskindependentffoffftheffothers
Simpleffrandomffsamplingff-kCORRECTffANSWERff-
eachffindividualffinfftheffpopulationffofffsizeffhasffanffequalffchanceffofffbeingffselectedffforfftheffsample.ffIfffyouffhav
effeverffwrittenffindividualffnamesffonffseparateffpiecesffofffpaper,ffplacedffallfftheffpiecesffofffpaperffinffaffhat,ffandffs
eleffctedffnameskfromfftheffhat,ffyouffhaveffconductedffsimpleffrandomffsampling
Simpleffrandomffsamplingffreliesffonffchanceffinfforderfftoffcreateffaffrepresentativeffsample.ffItffisffnotffpracticalfftoffu
seffthisffmethodffforfflargeffpopulations,
Stratifiedffsamplingff-ffCORRECTffANSWERff-affpopulationffcanffbeffdividedffintoffsubgroupsffcalledffstrata.
randomlyffgatheringffdatafffromffsubgroupsffwithinffaffsample.ffStrataffsuchffasffrace,ffgender,ffandffsocioeconomicffstat
usffareffclearlyffdefined
Stratifiedffsamplingffisffusedffwhenfftheffresearcherffwantsfftoffcompareffoutcomesffforffdifferentffsubgroupsffwithiff
nffaffpopulationfforfftoffcompareffoutcomesffbetweenffsubgroups.ffThereffarefftwofftypesffofffstratifiedffsamplingk
-ffproportionalffandffnon-proportiona