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1. Which of the following is NOT a neurotransmitter that facilitates messages
between neurons?
Acetylcholine
Serotonin
Atropine
Dopamine
2. Which of the following best describes the law of effect?
A conditioned stimulus will produce a conditioned response.
The consequence of a response determines whether the response
will be repeated.
Reinforcers should be given immediately after a response.
Behaviors will be elicited if the conditioned response is strong.
3. Describe how regression as a defense mechanism might manifest in a
teenager facing authority issues.
A teenager may argue aggressively with authority figures to assert
independence.
A teenager may comply with authority to avoid conflict.
A teenager may ignore the authority figure's presence entirely.
A teenager may exhibit childlike behaviors, such as throwing
tantrums or seeking comfort from parents, when feeling
overwhelmed by authority.
,4. Which of the following best describes the role of psychology in efforts to
mitigate climate change?
None of the above. Psychological scientists are not interested in this
topic.
Psychological scientists are encouraging people to view climate
change as a phenomenon that is largely outside of human control.
Psychological scientists are working to understand how to change
human behaviors related to climate change.
Psychological scientists are working to find new technological
solutions to the climate crisis.
5. In a counseling session, if a counselor is working with clients from different
national backgrounds, what approach should they take to address cultural
similarities and differences?
Assume all clients from the same nation have identical experiences.
Focus solely on national similarities and ignore individual differences.
Acknowledge both national similarities and individual differences to
tailor the counseling approach.
Prioritize individual differences over national cultural factors.
6. Which of the following is not one of Carl Rogers' Core Conditions for change
in Person-Centered Counseling?
Counselor Empathy
Unconditional Positive Regard
Incongruence
Self-Actualization
,7. Which group is identified as having the highest rates of infant mortality, high
school dropout, and suicide in the US?
African Americans
Native Americans
Hispanic Americans
Asian Americans
8. Discuss how online gaming can impact social relationships for individuals like
Tim, who prefer virtual interactions over real-life friendships.
Online gaming fosters strong real-life friendships through shared
experiences.
Online gaming has no impact on social relationships.
Online gaming encourages individuals to engage more in face-to-
face interactions.
Online gaming can lead to social isolation as individuals may
prioritize virtual interactions over developing real-life friendships.
9. The law of effect relates most closely to:
latent learning
classical conditioning
modeling
operant conditioning
10. When a therapist makes comments designed to prompt clients to examine
their thoughts and actions to reach more informed conclusions about them,
she is using a technique called __ _.
, interpretation
insight
frame shifting
priming
11. If a mental health professional is using the DSM-5 to diagnose a patient, how
would the absence of the axial classification system affect their assessment
process?
The absence of the axial classification system would require the
professional to consider all aspects of the patient's condition in a
more holistic manner without relying on separate axes.
It would make the diagnosis quicker by focusing only on the primary
disorder.
It would allow for easier categorization of personality disorders.
It would lead to more misdiagnoses due to lack of structure.
12. What is the primary focus of the last stage in Erikson's theory of human
development?
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Integrity vs. Despair
Intimacy vs. Isolation
13. If a counselor decides to charge a flat fee for every fifth consultation instead
of varying the fee based on the number of consultations, what type of
reinforcement schedule would this represent?
fixed interval