KIN 352 FINAL EXAM | | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | GRADED A +
What have been determined to be the seven best investments for PA interventions? ✔️1. whole school programs
-encourage PA in kids all the time
-biking to school, walking buses
-increased quality of PE classes
2. transportation policies
-policies regarding land use
-access to foot/cycle paths
3. urban design and infrastructure
-mixed use zoning (state farm)
-encourage walking/ biking
-access to public spaces
-rec facilities
-public transportation
4. PA and disease prevention in primary health care
-health care systems that include PA
-regular behavioral risk factor screenings
5. public education and mass media campaigns
-Let's Move program (Michelle Obama)
6. community wide programs
-whole community to be physically active
-right infrastructure and public transportation
-rec center programs
-policies to encourage PA
-classes through community centers
7. sport systems that promote sport for all
-sports more accessible/ less expensive
-adaptive sports for disabled
-more diverse cultural groups within community
, What are the themes common to most, if not all, suggested guidelines or frameworks for PA interventions? ✔️1. to have a good intervention-
review & understand research
2. use theory to guide intervention and help select best behavior change strategy
3. understand target group/ behavior & intervention context
4. engage participants and involve stakeholders/ meet needs of community
5. evaluate intervention with pilot work- try out intervention on small scale
Describe the behavior change wheel (COM-B) and how it can be used to guide interventions. Make sure you understand the three conditions
(capability, opportunity and motivation). ✔️-behavior occurs with an interaction of capability, opportunity, and motivation
-capability: psychological/ physical ability to perform behavior
-opportunity: right physical and social environment to perform behavior
-motivation
-target intervention can target any of 3 constructs
Is it important to model an intervention after a behavior change theory? Why? ✔️yes- you can model certain pieces of the intervention to be
most influential for behavior change
What is a BCT? Be able to identify examples of BCTs. ✔️-behavior change technique
-information/ education
-prompts/ cues
-fear
-time management
-focus on past success (self-efficacy)
-self-monitoring
-rewards
-environmental restructuring
-goal setting
Describe the RE-AIM framework. Make sure you can describe each dimension of the framework and how they can be used to evaluate
interventions ✔️-idea that there are 5 dimensions necessary to determine if an intervention is working
-R=reach: percentage of individuals from a population or setting that actually participate in the intervention
-E= efficacy: ES for a given intervention
-A= adoption: proportion of settings that begin to use the intervention protocol, how many people start doing what you're doing
-I= implementation: looks at whether every aspect of the intervention was run as it was intended to be run
-M= maintenance: does it engender long-term behavior change (hardly ever measured)
What was the overall effect size of all interventions analyzed in the Dishman & Buckworth (1996) meta-analysis? ✔️-interventions (and their
efficacy) at various sites- work, school, community
-overall ES=0.75 (38% increase in adherence)
Describe any significant differences in ES between genders, ethnicities, ages, or health status. ✔️-no real difference between gender/ age/
ethnicity
-larger adherence rate for healthy vs. unhealthy participants
What have been determined to be the seven best investments for PA interventions? ✔️1. whole school programs
-encourage PA in kids all the time
-biking to school, walking buses
-increased quality of PE classes
2. transportation policies
-policies regarding land use
-access to foot/cycle paths
3. urban design and infrastructure
-mixed use zoning (state farm)
-encourage walking/ biking
-access to public spaces
-rec facilities
-public transportation
4. PA and disease prevention in primary health care
-health care systems that include PA
-regular behavioral risk factor screenings
5. public education and mass media campaigns
-Let's Move program (Michelle Obama)
6. community wide programs
-whole community to be physically active
-right infrastructure and public transportation
-rec center programs
-policies to encourage PA
-classes through community centers
7. sport systems that promote sport for all
-sports more accessible/ less expensive
-adaptive sports for disabled
-more diverse cultural groups within community
, What are the themes common to most, if not all, suggested guidelines or frameworks for PA interventions? ✔️1. to have a good intervention-
review & understand research
2. use theory to guide intervention and help select best behavior change strategy
3. understand target group/ behavior & intervention context
4. engage participants and involve stakeholders/ meet needs of community
5. evaluate intervention with pilot work- try out intervention on small scale
Describe the behavior change wheel (COM-B) and how it can be used to guide interventions. Make sure you understand the three conditions
(capability, opportunity and motivation). ✔️-behavior occurs with an interaction of capability, opportunity, and motivation
-capability: psychological/ physical ability to perform behavior
-opportunity: right physical and social environment to perform behavior
-motivation
-target intervention can target any of 3 constructs
Is it important to model an intervention after a behavior change theory? Why? ✔️yes- you can model certain pieces of the intervention to be
most influential for behavior change
What is a BCT? Be able to identify examples of BCTs. ✔️-behavior change technique
-information/ education
-prompts/ cues
-fear
-time management
-focus on past success (self-efficacy)
-self-monitoring
-rewards
-environmental restructuring
-goal setting
Describe the RE-AIM framework. Make sure you can describe each dimension of the framework and how they can be used to evaluate
interventions ✔️-idea that there are 5 dimensions necessary to determine if an intervention is working
-R=reach: percentage of individuals from a population or setting that actually participate in the intervention
-E= efficacy: ES for a given intervention
-A= adoption: proportion of settings that begin to use the intervention protocol, how many people start doing what you're doing
-I= implementation: looks at whether every aspect of the intervention was run as it was intended to be run
-M= maintenance: does it engender long-term behavior change (hardly ever measured)
What was the overall effect size of all interventions analyzed in the Dishman & Buckworth (1996) meta-analysis? ✔️-interventions (and their
efficacy) at various sites- work, school, community
-overall ES=0.75 (38% increase in adherence)
Describe any significant differences in ES between genders, ethnicities, ages, or health status. ✔️-no real difference between gender/ age/
ethnicity
-larger adherence rate for healthy vs. unhealthy participants
