BSN HESI 266 MED SURG EXAM / APPROVED BSN HESI 266 MED
SURG EXAM ACTUAL 2026/2027 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
CURRENT UPDATED STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE ACCURATE
EXAM REAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALES (100% CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS)
NEWEST UPDATED VERSION 2026 EDITION |GUARANTEED PASS
A+ |INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. A client with heart failure has jugular venous distention, 3+ pitting
edema, and crackles in the lung bases. Which medication should the
nurse prepare to administer first?
A. Digoxin
B. Metoprolol
C. Spironolactone
D. Furosemide
CORRECT ANSWER: D. Furosemide
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that rapidly reduces preload
and relieves pulmonary congestion in heart failure. Digoxin and
beta-blockers are chronic therapies, while spironolactone is a
potassium-sparing diuretic used as an adjunct. The priority is to
reduce fluid volume and improve oxygenation.
,2. A client with atrial fibrillation is prescribed warfarin. The nurse
should teach the client to avoid which food?
A. Broccoli
B. Apples
C. Rice
D. Chicken
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Broccoli
Rationale: Broccoli and other green leafy vegetables are high in
vitamin K, which can antagonize warfarin's effect and lower the
INR. Consistent intake is more important than complete avoidance,
but large variations should be avoided to maintain therapeutic
anticoagulation.
3. A client presents with chest pain that radiates to the jaw,
diaphoresis, and nausea. The ECG shows ST-segment elevation.
Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
A. Administer sublingual nitroglycerin
B. Obtain a troponin level
C. Apply oxygen
D. Prepare for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
,CORRECT ANSWER: C. Apply oxygen
Rationale: Oxygen is the priority to increase myocardial oxygenation
in a client with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
Nitroglycerin, pain management, and rapid transfer for PCI follow,
but ensuring adequate oxygenation comes first to minimize ischemic
damage.
4. A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a potassium level
of 6.2 mEq/L. What should the nurse anticipate administering?
A. Kayexalate (sodium polystyrene sulfonate)
B. Magnesium sulfate
C. Potassium chloride
D. Sodium bicarbonate
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Kayexalate (sodium polystyrene sulfonate)
Rationale: Hyperkalemia (potassium >5.0 mEq/L) in CKD requires
immediate intervention. Kayexalate binds potassium in the intestines
for excretion, reducing serum potassium levels. Magnesium sulfate
and sodium bicarbonate are not primary treatments for
hyperkalemia.
, 5. A client is 6 hours post-operative and reports sudden onset of chest
pain and dyspnea. The nurse notes jugular venous distension and
hypotension. Which complication should the nurse suspect?
A. Myocardial infarction
B. Pulmonary embolism
C. Atelectasis
D. Pneumothorax
CORRECT ANSWER: B. Pulmonary embolism
Rationale: Sudden onset of chest pain, dyspnea, JVD, and
hypotension in a postoperative patient is concerning for pulmonary
embolism (PE). This is a life-threatening emergency requiring
immediate intervention. Atelectasis typically presents with low-grade
fever and does not cause JVD or hypotension.
6. A client with COPD is receiving oxygen at 4 L/min via nasal
cannula. Which assessment finding indicates the client is
experiencing oxygen-induced hypoventilation?
A. Increased respiratory rate
B. Decreased level of consciousness
C. Hypertension
D. Tachycardia
SURG EXAM ACTUAL 2026/2027 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
CURRENT UPDATED STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE ACCURATE
EXAM REAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALES (100% CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS)
NEWEST UPDATED VERSION 2026 EDITION |GUARANTEED PASS
A+ |INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. A client with heart failure has jugular venous distention, 3+ pitting
edema, and crackles in the lung bases. Which medication should the
nurse prepare to administer first?
A. Digoxin
B. Metoprolol
C. Spironolactone
D. Furosemide
CORRECT ANSWER: D. Furosemide
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that rapidly reduces preload
and relieves pulmonary congestion in heart failure. Digoxin and
beta-blockers are chronic therapies, while spironolactone is a
potassium-sparing diuretic used as an adjunct. The priority is to
reduce fluid volume and improve oxygenation.
,2. A client with atrial fibrillation is prescribed warfarin. The nurse
should teach the client to avoid which food?
A. Broccoli
B. Apples
C. Rice
D. Chicken
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Broccoli
Rationale: Broccoli and other green leafy vegetables are high in
vitamin K, which can antagonize warfarin's effect and lower the
INR. Consistent intake is more important than complete avoidance,
but large variations should be avoided to maintain therapeutic
anticoagulation.
3. A client presents with chest pain that radiates to the jaw,
diaphoresis, and nausea. The ECG shows ST-segment elevation.
Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
A. Administer sublingual nitroglycerin
B. Obtain a troponin level
C. Apply oxygen
D. Prepare for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
,CORRECT ANSWER: C. Apply oxygen
Rationale: Oxygen is the priority to increase myocardial oxygenation
in a client with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
Nitroglycerin, pain management, and rapid transfer for PCI follow,
but ensuring adequate oxygenation comes first to minimize ischemic
damage.
4. A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a potassium level
of 6.2 mEq/L. What should the nurse anticipate administering?
A. Kayexalate (sodium polystyrene sulfonate)
B. Magnesium sulfate
C. Potassium chloride
D. Sodium bicarbonate
CORRECT ANSWER: A. Kayexalate (sodium polystyrene sulfonate)
Rationale: Hyperkalemia (potassium >5.0 mEq/L) in CKD requires
immediate intervention. Kayexalate binds potassium in the intestines
for excretion, reducing serum potassium levels. Magnesium sulfate
and sodium bicarbonate are not primary treatments for
hyperkalemia.
, 5. A client is 6 hours post-operative and reports sudden onset of chest
pain and dyspnea. The nurse notes jugular venous distension and
hypotension. Which complication should the nurse suspect?
A. Myocardial infarction
B. Pulmonary embolism
C. Atelectasis
D. Pneumothorax
CORRECT ANSWER: B. Pulmonary embolism
Rationale: Sudden onset of chest pain, dyspnea, JVD, and
hypotension in a postoperative patient is concerning for pulmonary
embolism (PE). This is a life-threatening emergency requiring
immediate intervention. Atelectasis typically presents with low-grade
fever and does not cause JVD or hypotension.
6. A client with COPD is receiving oxygen at 4 L/min via nasal
cannula. Which assessment finding indicates the client is
experiencing oxygen-induced hypoventilation?
A. Increased respiratory rate
B. Decreased level of consciousness
C. Hypertension
D. Tachycardia
