Aqa Gcse Biology - Paper 1 Questions With Answers Already Graded A+
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What does a nucleus do? - (ANSWER)It contains genetic material and controls the activities of the cell
What does cytoplasm do? - (ANSWER)It's a gel-like substance where most of the chemical reactions
happen. It contains enzymes that control these chemical reactions
What does a cell membrane do? - (ANSWER)It holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out
What do mitochondria do? - (ANSWER)These are where most of the reactions for aerobic respiration
occur. Respiration transfers energy that the cell needs to work
What do ribosomes do? - (ANSWER)This is where protein synthesis takes place - where proteins are
made in the cell
What do cell walls do? - (ANSWER)They are made of cellulose and they support and strengthen the cell
What does a vacuole do? - (ANSWER)It contains cell sap and helps maintain the shape of the cell
What do chloroplasts do? - (ANSWER)This is where photosynthesis occurs, which makes food for the
plant. They contain chlorophyll - a green pigment - which absorbs light needed for photosynthesis
What do bacterial cells contain? - (ANSWER)Cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, flagella, ribosomes,
mitochondria, slime capsule, plasmids (small rings of DNA) and a single circular strand of DNA that floats
freely in the cytoplasm
What do bacterial cells NOT contain? - (ANSWER)A nucleus
What is the equation for magnification? - (ANSWER)Image size divided by actual size
,Aqa Gcse Biology - Paper 1 Questions With Answers Already Graded A+
Guaranteed Pass!!!
What is differentiation? - (ANSWER)The process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job
What are undifferentiated cells called? - (ANSWER)Stem cells
What are sperm cells specialised for and how are they specialised? - (ANSWER)Reproduction - they
transport the male DNA to the female DNA
-It has a flagella and a streamlined head to help it swim towards the egg
-There are lots of mitochondria in the cell to provide the energy needed
-It carries enzymes in its head to help digest through the egg cell membranes
What are nerve cells specialised for and how are they specialised? - (ANSWER)Rapid signalling - they
carry electrical signals from one part of the body to another
-They are long to cover more distance
-They have branched connections at their ends to connect to other nerve cells and form a network
throughout the body
What are muscle cells specialised for and how are they specialised? - (ANSWER)Contraction - they need
to contract quickly
-They are long so they have space to contract
-They contain lots of mitochondria to generate the energy needed for contraction
What are root hair cells specialised for and how are they specialised? - (ANSWER)Absorbing water and
minerals
-They are cells on the surface of plant roots which grow into long hairs that stick out into the soil
-They have a large surface area for absorbing water and mineral ions from the soil
,Aqa Gcse Biology - Paper 1 Questions With Answers Already Graded A+
Guaranteed Pass!!!
What are chromosomes? - (ANSWER)Coiled up lengths of DNA molecules that are found in the nuclei
What is mitosis? - (ANSWER)The stage of the cell cycle where the cell divides
What do multicellular organisms use mitosis for? - (ANSWER)To grow or replace cells that have been
damaged
Describe each stage of mitosis - (ANSWER)Prophase - The chromosomes shorten and duplicate
Metaphase - The chromosomes line up on the equator of the cell
Anaphase - The chromosomes are pulled to the opposite ends of the cell. The chromatids are now
known as daughter cells.
Telophase - New membranes form around the daughter nuclei which becomes the nuclei of the two new
cells - the nucleus has divided. The cytoplasm and cell membrane divide to create two daughter cells.
What are stem cells? - (ANSWER)They are undifferentiated cells that divide to produce lots more
undifferentiated cells. They then differentiate into different types of cell
Where are stem cells found? - (ANSWER)In early human embryos or the bone marrow of adults
What do embryonic stem cells do? - (ANSWER)1) Used to replace faulty cells in sick people - insulin-
producing cells for diabetes and nerve cells for paralysed spinal injuries
2) Used to replace faulty blood cells
Where are stem cells found in plants? - (ANSWER)Meristems
, Aqa Gcse Biology - Paper 1 Questions With Answers Already Graded A+
Guaranteed Pass!!!
What is diffusion? - (ANSWER)Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration
to an area of low concentration
Name the substances that can diffuse through cell membranes - (ANSWER)Glucose, water, oxygen and
amino acids
Name two substances that can't diffuse through cell membranes - (ANSWER)Protein and starch
What is osmosis? - (ANSWER)Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules through a partially
permeable cell membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water
concentration
What are the two main differences between active transport and diffusion? - (ANSWER)Active transport
uses energy whereas diffusion doesn't. Active transport goes against the concentration gradient whereas
diffusion goes along it
Adaptations of Exchange Surfaces - (ANSWER)1) Large surface area - lots of substances can diffuse at
once
2) Lots of blood vessels - to get stuff into and out of the blood quickly
3) Thin membrane - short distance for substances to diffuse
4) Often ventilated - air moves in & out
Give two ways that the villi in the small intestine are adapted for absorbing digested food - (ANSWER)1)
A single layer of surface cells
2) A very good blood supply to assist quick absorption
Guaranteed Pass!!!
What does a nucleus do? - (ANSWER)It contains genetic material and controls the activities of the cell
What does cytoplasm do? - (ANSWER)It's a gel-like substance where most of the chemical reactions
happen. It contains enzymes that control these chemical reactions
What does a cell membrane do? - (ANSWER)It holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out
What do mitochondria do? - (ANSWER)These are where most of the reactions for aerobic respiration
occur. Respiration transfers energy that the cell needs to work
What do ribosomes do? - (ANSWER)This is where protein synthesis takes place - where proteins are
made in the cell
What do cell walls do? - (ANSWER)They are made of cellulose and they support and strengthen the cell
What does a vacuole do? - (ANSWER)It contains cell sap and helps maintain the shape of the cell
What do chloroplasts do? - (ANSWER)This is where photosynthesis occurs, which makes food for the
plant. They contain chlorophyll - a green pigment - which absorbs light needed for photosynthesis
What do bacterial cells contain? - (ANSWER)Cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, flagella, ribosomes,
mitochondria, slime capsule, plasmids (small rings of DNA) and a single circular strand of DNA that floats
freely in the cytoplasm
What do bacterial cells NOT contain? - (ANSWER)A nucleus
What is the equation for magnification? - (ANSWER)Image size divided by actual size
,Aqa Gcse Biology - Paper 1 Questions With Answers Already Graded A+
Guaranteed Pass!!!
What is differentiation? - (ANSWER)The process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job
What are undifferentiated cells called? - (ANSWER)Stem cells
What are sperm cells specialised for and how are they specialised? - (ANSWER)Reproduction - they
transport the male DNA to the female DNA
-It has a flagella and a streamlined head to help it swim towards the egg
-There are lots of mitochondria in the cell to provide the energy needed
-It carries enzymes in its head to help digest through the egg cell membranes
What are nerve cells specialised for and how are they specialised? - (ANSWER)Rapid signalling - they
carry electrical signals from one part of the body to another
-They are long to cover more distance
-They have branched connections at their ends to connect to other nerve cells and form a network
throughout the body
What are muscle cells specialised for and how are they specialised? - (ANSWER)Contraction - they need
to contract quickly
-They are long so they have space to contract
-They contain lots of mitochondria to generate the energy needed for contraction
What are root hair cells specialised for and how are they specialised? - (ANSWER)Absorbing water and
minerals
-They are cells on the surface of plant roots which grow into long hairs that stick out into the soil
-They have a large surface area for absorbing water and mineral ions from the soil
,Aqa Gcse Biology - Paper 1 Questions With Answers Already Graded A+
Guaranteed Pass!!!
What are chromosomes? - (ANSWER)Coiled up lengths of DNA molecules that are found in the nuclei
What is mitosis? - (ANSWER)The stage of the cell cycle where the cell divides
What do multicellular organisms use mitosis for? - (ANSWER)To grow or replace cells that have been
damaged
Describe each stage of mitosis - (ANSWER)Prophase - The chromosomes shorten and duplicate
Metaphase - The chromosomes line up on the equator of the cell
Anaphase - The chromosomes are pulled to the opposite ends of the cell. The chromatids are now
known as daughter cells.
Telophase - New membranes form around the daughter nuclei which becomes the nuclei of the two new
cells - the nucleus has divided. The cytoplasm and cell membrane divide to create two daughter cells.
What are stem cells? - (ANSWER)They are undifferentiated cells that divide to produce lots more
undifferentiated cells. They then differentiate into different types of cell
Where are stem cells found? - (ANSWER)In early human embryos or the bone marrow of adults
What do embryonic stem cells do? - (ANSWER)1) Used to replace faulty cells in sick people - insulin-
producing cells for diabetes and nerve cells for paralysed spinal injuries
2) Used to replace faulty blood cells
Where are stem cells found in plants? - (ANSWER)Meristems
, Aqa Gcse Biology - Paper 1 Questions With Answers Already Graded A+
Guaranteed Pass!!!
What is diffusion? - (ANSWER)Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration
to an area of low concentration
Name the substances that can diffuse through cell membranes - (ANSWER)Glucose, water, oxygen and
amino acids
Name two substances that can't diffuse through cell membranes - (ANSWER)Protein and starch
What is osmosis? - (ANSWER)Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules through a partially
permeable cell membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water
concentration
What are the two main differences between active transport and diffusion? - (ANSWER)Active transport
uses energy whereas diffusion doesn't. Active transport goes against the concentration gradient whereas
diffusion goes along it
Adaptations of Exchange Surfaces - (ANSWER)1) Large surface area - lots of substances can diffuse at
once
2) Lots of blood vessels - to get stuff into and out of the blood quickly
3) Thin membrane - short distance for substances to diffuse
4) Often ventilated - air moves in & out
Give two ways that the villi in the small intestine are adapted for absorbing digested food - (ANSWER)1)
A single layer of surface cells
2) A very good blood supply to assist quick absorption
