ASU BIO 182 EXAM 2 (CALA) NEWEST
ACTUAL EXAM WITH COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED VERIFIED
ANSWERS GRADED A+ | 100% VERIFIED |
2026 UPDATE!!!
What are some deviations from HW/ What are the mechanisms
for evolution/What can cause a change in the genetic
composition of a population (or taxon) - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > - Migration
- Mutation
- Stochastic events
- Genetic drift
- Natural selection
What are the postzygotic barriers? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer
> Reduced hybrid viability - hybrids fail to develop or reach
sexual maturity, hybrids are mostly or completely sterile, hybrid
breakdown - offspring of hybrids have reduced viability or
fertility
,What are the different models of speciation? - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > Allopatric - Geographically isolated groups--
>become reproductively isolated
What is the Hardy-Weinberg Theorem? - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > The frequency of alleles and genotypes in a
population's gene pool remain constant from generation to
generation, assumes that populations are NOT evolving
What good is the Hardy-Weinberg Theorem? - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > - Explains how genetic variation is preserved
- Provides a benchmark to compare to other populations
(populations that do not deviate significantly from the
predictions of the theorem are said to be in 'equilibrium')
What is the H-W equilibrium? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > -
When a population is genetically stable:
- Allele frequencies (p and q) predict genotypic
frequencies (p2 + 2pq +q2)
,- However, most of the time, populations are not in
equilibrium!
What can HW tell us? In real life: - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > -
Mutations occur at a slow but steady rate in all known
populations
- Many organisms enter and leave populations
- Most populations are not large enough to be unaffected by
random changes in allele frequencies
- Survival is virtually never random
- Reproduction in organisms that can choose their mates is also
virtually never random
Therefore, evolution must be occurring in virtually every
population of living organisms
EVOLUTION IS AS UBIQUITOUS AND INESCAPABLE AS GRAVITY!
What happens if any of the criteria for Hardy-Weinberg is NOT
met? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Evolution is occurring!
When is the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium met?
When: - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > - There are no mutations
, - There is no gene flow
- The populations must be very large
- Survival is random
- Reproduction is random
Moving from single crosses to populations - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > All populations have genotype frequencies, and all
populations have allele frequencies
How do we find the frequency of genotypes? - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > Dividing the number of individuals of a certain
genotype by the total number of individuals
How do we find the frequency of that allele? - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > Dividing the number of the same alleles for a gene
by the total number of alleles for that gene
What can we assume if populations are NOT evolving? - ✔✔✔
Correct Answer > - The organism is diploid
- Reproduction is sexual
- Generations are non-overlapping
- Mating is random
ACTUAL EXAM WITH COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED VERIFIED
ANSWERS GRADED A+ | 100% VERIFIED |
2026 UPDATE!!!
What are some deviations from HW/ What are the mechanisms
for evolution/What can cause a change in the genetic
composition of a population (or taxon) - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > - Migration
- Mutation
- Stochastic events
- Genetic drift
- Natural selection
What are the postzygotic barriers? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer
> Reduced hybrid viability - hybrids fail to develop or reach
sexual maturity, hybrids are mostly or completely sterile, hybrid
breakdown - offspring of hybrids have reduced viability or
fertility
,What are the different models of speciation? - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > Allopatric - Geographically isolated groups--
>become reproductively isolated
What is the Hardy-Weinberg Theorem? - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > The frequency of alleles and genotypes in a
population's gene pool remain constant from generation to
generation, assumes that populations are NOT evolving
What good is the Hardy-Weinberg Theorem? - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > - Explains how genetic variation is preserved
- Provides a benchmark to compare to other populations
(populations that do not deviate significantly from the
predictions of the theorem are said to be in 'equilibrium')
What is the H-W equilibrium? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > -
When a population is genetically stable:
- Allele frequencies (p and q) predict genotypic
frequencies (p2 + 2pq +q2)
,- However, most of the time, populations are not in
equilibrium!
What can HW tell us? In real life: - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > -
Mutations occur at a slow but steady rate in all known
populations
- Many organisms enter and leave populations
- Most populations are not large enough to be unaffected by
random changes in allele frequencies
- Survival is virtually never random
- Reproduction in organisms that can choose their mates is also
virtually never random
Therefore, evolution must be occurring in virtually every
population of living organisms
EVOLUTION IS AS UBIQUITOUS AND INESCAPABLE AS GRAVITY!
What happens if any of the criteria for Hardy-Weinberg is NOT
met? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Evolution is occurring!
When is the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium met?
When: - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > - There are no mutations
, - There is no gene flow
- The populations must be very large
- Survival is random
- Reproduction is random
Moving from single crosses to populations - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > All populations have genotype frequencies, and all
populations have allele frequencies
How do we find the frequency of genotypes? - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > Dividing the number of individuals of a certain
genotype by the total number of individuals
How do we find the frequency of that allele? - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > Dividing the number of the same alleles for a gene
by the total number of alleles for that gene
What can we assume if populations are NOT evolving? - ✔✔✔
Correct Answer > - The organism is diploid
- Reproduction is sexual
- Generations are non-overlapping
- Mating is random
