Moderate Sedation Actual Questions and Correct Answers
Q1
Moderate "Conscious" Sedation
Answer: A minimally depressed level of consciousness induced by the administration
of pharmacologic agents in which the patient retains continuous and independent
ability to maintain protective reflexes and a patent airway and to be aroused by
physical or verbal stimulation.
Q2
Levels of Sedation Analgesia
Answer: Minimal Sedation Moderate Sedation/Analgesia Deep Sedation/Analgesia
General Anesthesia
Q3
Minimal Sedation
Answer: Patient is able to respond normally to verbal stimulation. Airway and
Spontaneous Ventilation is not affected and thus "normal" Cardiovascular function is
not affected
Q4
Moderate Sedation/Analgesia
Answer: Patient responds to verbal or tactile stimulation No intervention to maintain
patent airway Spontaneous ventilation is adequate Cardiovascular function is usually
maintained
Q5
Deep Sedation/Analgesia
Answer: Patient responds to repeated or painful stimulation May require intervention
to maintain patent airway Spontaneous ventilation may be inadequate Cardiovascular
function is usually maintained
,Q6
General Anesthesia
Answer: Patient cannot be aroused, even with painful stimuli Intervention required to
maintain patent airway Spontaneous ventilation is frequently inadequate
Cardiovascular function may be impaired
Q7
Goals of Safe Sedation
Answer: Maintain adequate ventilation, homeostasis, and circulation Maintenance of
appropriate level of consciousness Promote comfort by elevating pain threshold
Patient Safety-be knowledgeable about possible consequences of respiratory
depression, airway obstruction, apnea, hypoxia, hypercapnia, bradycardia, asystole,
brain injury/death Using the essential components required to conduct safe sedation
Understand the importance of a systematic approach to sedation that promotes safety
and efficacy.
Q8
Role of the Sedation Nurse
Answer: Pre-op Nursing Assessment Intra-op Nursing Actions: medication
administration; patient monitoring; patient safety; procedure specific Post-op
monitoring during recovery Follow post-op d/c criteria Explain post-d/c written
instructions Follow-up
Q9
JCAHO Care Standard: Qualified Individuals conducting sedation must possess education,
training, and experience in?
Answer: Evaluating patients prior to moderate or deep sedation Rescuing patients who
slip into a "deeper than desired" level of sedation or anesthesia Managing a
compromised airway during a procedure Handling a compromised CV system during a
procedure.
Q10
Pre-Operative Nursing Assessment Steps
Answer: Chart Review Patient Interview Physical Exam and Review of Systems
, Q11
Pre-sedation Assessment Overview: Parts of the Assessment
Answer: NPO Status Chief complaint Current medications Drug allergies H/O substance
abuse Concurrent medical problems Communication Ability
Q12
How is Aspiration Risk Reduced
Answer: Pre-procedure fasting--Defined as no food for 6 hours prior to procedure. May
have clear fluids until 2h prior to procedure. Medication is titrated to maintain reflexes
Q13
What conditions place patient's at enhanced risks for aspiration with sedation?
Answer: Obesity DM Pregnancy Bowel Dysfunction
Q14
Patient history to consider during pre-op preparation
Answer: Smoking- PPD and years Drug allergies and reaction Alcohol Abuse Menstrual
Hx and Urine HCG for fertile women Height and Weight to dose medications Drug
Abuse Daily Medications Post Facial/Neck Trauma or Surgery Dentures or any
removable items in mouth
Q15
Elements of Pre-operative Preparation
Answer: Patient counseling Rapport Verbal reassurance Patient expectations IV Access
EKG/BP Pulse Ox Informed Consent
Q16
Pre-Sedation Assessment: Chart Review
Answer: Past medical illnesses Prior Surgical Procedures Allergies Drug reactions and
intra-anesthetic complications Lab Studies Current medications Compliance of
medication regimen
Q1
Moderate "Conscious" Sedation
Answer: A minimally depressed level of consciousness induced by the administration
of pharmacologic agents in which the patient retains continuous and independent
ability to maintain protective reflexes and a patent airway and to be aroused by
physical or verbal stimulation.
Q2
Levels of Sedation Analgesia
Answer: Minimal Sedation Moderate Sedation/Analgesia Deep Sedation/Analgesia
General Anesthesia
Q3
Minimal Sedation
Answer: Patient is able to respond normally to verbal stimulation. Airway and
Spontaneous Ventilation is not affected and thus "normal" Cardiovascular function is
not affected
Q4
Moderate Sedation/Analgesia
Answer: Patient responds to verbal or tactile stimulation No intervention to maintain
patent airway Spontaneous ventilation is adequate Cardiovascular function is usually
maintained
Q5
Deep Sedation/Analgesia
Answer: Patient responds to repeated or painful stimulation May require intervention
to maintain patent airway Spontaneous ventilation may be inadequate Cardiovascular
function is usually maintained
,Q6
General Anesthesia
Answer: Patient cannot be aroused, even with painful stimuli Intervention required to
maintain patent airway Spontaneous ventilation is frequently inadequate
Cardiovascular function may be impaired
Q7
Goals of Safe Sedation
Answer: Maintain adequate ventilation, homeostasis, and circulation Maintenance of
appropriate level of consciousness Promote comfort by elevating pain threshold
Patient Safety-be knowledgeable about possible consequences of respiratory
depression, airway obstruction, apnea, hypoxia, hypercapnia, bradycardia, asystole,
brain injury/death Using the essential components required to conduct safe sedation
Understand the importance of a systematic approach to sedation that promotes safety
and efficacy.
Q8
Role of the Sedation Nurse
Answer: Pre-op Nursing Assessment Intra-op Nursing Actions: medication
administration; patient monitoring; patient safety; procedure specific Post-op
monitoring during recovery Follow post-op d/c criteria Explain post-d/c written
instructions Follow-up
Q9
JCAHO Care Standard: Qualified Individuals conducting sedation must possess education,
training, and experience in?
Answer: Evaluating patients prior to moderate or deep sedation Rescuing patients who
slip into a "deeper than desired" level of sedation or anesthesia Managing a
compromised airway during a procedure Handling a compromised CV system during a
procedure.
Q10
Pre-Operative Nursing Assessment Steps
Answer: Chart Review Patient Interview Physical Exam and Review of Systems
, Q11
Pre-sedation Assessment Overview: Parts of the Assessment
Answer: NPO Status Chief complaint Current medications Drug allergies H/O substance
abuse Concurrent medical problems Communication Ability
Q12
How is Aspiration Risk Reduced
Answer: Pre-procedure fasting--Defined as no food for 6 hours prior to procedure. May
have clear fluids until 2h prior to procedure. Medication is titrated to maintain reflexes
Q13
What conditions place patient's at enhanced risks for aspiration with sedation?
Answer: Obesity DM Pregnancy Bowel Dysfunction
Q14
Patient history to consider during pre-op preparation
Answer: Smoking- PPD and years Drug allergies and reaction Alcohol Abuse Menstrual
Hx and Urine HCG for fertile women Height and Weight to dose medications Drug
Abuse Daily Medications Post Facial/Neck Trauma or Surgery Dentures or any
removable items in mouth
Q15
Elements of Pre-operative Preparation
Answer: Patient counseling Rapport Verbal reassurance Patient expectations IV Access
EKG/BP Pulse Ox Informed Consent
Q16
Pre-Sedation Assessment: Chart Review
Answer: Past medical illnesses Prior Surgical Procedures Allergies Drug reactions and
intra-anesthetic complications Lab Studies Current medications Compliance of
medication regimen
