INTEGUMENTARY / DERMATOLOGY (APEA) QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED AND 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+
list and explain the 3 layers of the skin - (ANSWER)1. epidermis -- barrier (outermost layer)
2. dermis -- handles tensile load and contains nerves (middle layer)
3. hypodermis -- insulation, energy, and fluid storage (inner most layer)
Hx questions to ask with dermatological complaints - (ANSWER)-how long has lesions/rash been
present?
-where did it first appear?
-where has it spread to?
-how did it look at first?
-how did it progress?
-associated symptoms?
-anyone else in family have rash?
-what does pt think caused it?
-what treatments have been used?
three major points when approaching a dermatology issue - (ANSWER)1. what layer of skin is affected?
2. pattern?
3. consider: skin problem vs systemic problem
dermatology physical exam findings - (ANSWER)-texture, plane, depth, color, borders, shape, blanching,
distribution
-accurate, detailed description so that other clinicians can "see" the lesion by reading your notes!
,INTEGUMENTARY / DERMATOLOGY (APEA) QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED AND 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+
what drug route do we prescribe with a superficial and localized skin lesion/rash? - (ANSWER)topical !
what drug route do we prescribe with a deep and/or systemic skin lesion/rash? - (ANSWER)oral or IV !
*NOTE*
skin issues treatment/ care - (ANSWER)if it's wet, make it dry ; if it's dry, make it wet !
*NOTE* - (ANSWER)not every skin condition needs medication
patients at higher risk for skin infections include those who.. - (ANSWER)-are receiving chemotherapy
-take a biologic agent for skin conditions
four main causes of skin infections - (ANSWER)1. bacteria -- usually staph or strep (gram + organisms)
2. fungi -- 3 main types
*dermatophytes: tinea
*candidiasis
*tinea versicolor
3. viruses -- many
*herpes, HPV, molluscum contagiosum, HIV, plantar warts, varicella, viral exanthems
4. infestations (parasites)
,INTEGUMENTARY / DERMATOLOGY (APEA) QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED AND 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+
when we hear or see "honey-crusted lesions," what do we think? - (ANSWER)impetigo!
define impetigo - (ANSWER)superficial bacterial infection caused by Strep, Staph, or both that causes the
skin to flake or peel off, skin may become crusted on margin of lesion --"honey crusted lesions"
how do we treat impetigo - (ANSWER)topically !
-mupirocin cream
what is the preferred treatment for ecthyma (deep impetigo)? - (ANSWER)cephalexin (keflex)
a patient presents with a red, swollen foot and calf. The erythematous area is warm to the touch and
tender to palpation. What is the most likely diagnosis/ treatment? - (ANSWER)diagnosis: suspected
cellulitis
treatment: oral antibiotics
why? --> symptoms point us to suspicion of systemic infection rather than just superficial, so we go oral
antibiotics rather than topical
a patient presents with a red, swollen foot and calf. The erythematous area is warm to the touch and
tender to palpation. Which two pathogens should be covered for a suspected cellulitis diagnosis? -
(ANSWER)-methicillin-sensitive Staph Aureus (MSSA)
-beta hemolytic Streptococci
aka..staph and strep
, INTEGUMENTARY / DERMATOLOGY (APEA) QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED AND 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+
define cellulitis - (ANSWER)bacterial infection of the dermis and hypodermis, usually caused by Group A
Strep or Staph aureus
-may cause fever and/or elevated WBC
*NOTE* - (ANSWER)deep, non-purulent infection + systemic symptoms = systemic antibiotics! (oral or IV)
a student athlete presents to the clinic with a 2cm abscess on the right shin. What is the most likely
organism causing this infection? - (ANSWER)MRSA
a patient presents with report for a spider bite. There is a 2cm indurated area with evidence of cellulitis
with exudate. what do we suspect? How should this be managed? - (ANSWER)suspect: abscess
managed: incision and drainage (I&D) - 1st line
2nd step: oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)
"when there's pus about, let it out!!"
define folliculitis - (ANSWER)inflammation of the hair follicles (diffuse)
-can be superficial or deep
-usually caused by staphylococcus (sometimes strep pyogenes; or pseudomonas)
folliculitis presentation - (ANSWER)pustules and/or papules at site of hair follicles
DETAILED VERIFIED AND 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+
list and explain the 3 layers of the skin - (ANSWER)1. epidermis -- barrier (outermost layer)
2. dermis -- handles tensile load and contains nerves (middle layer)
3. hypodermis -- insulation, energy, and fluid storage (inner most layer)
Hx questions to ask with dermatological complaints - (ANSWER)-how long has lesions/rash been
present?
-where did it first appear?
-where has it spread to?
-how did it look at first?
-how did it progress?
-associated symptoms?
-anyone else in family have rash?
-what does pt think caused it?
-what treatments have been used?
three major points when approaching a dermatology issue - (ANSWER)1. what layer of skin is affected?
2. pattern?
3. consider: skin problem vs systemic problem
dermatology physical exam findings - (ANSWER)-texture, plane, depth, color, borders, shape, blanching,
distribution
-accurate, detailed description so that other clinicians can "see" the lesion by reading your notes!
,INTEGUMENTARY / DERMATOLOGY (APEA) QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED AND 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+
what drug route do we prescribe with a superficial and localized skin lesion/rash? - (ANSWER)topical !
what drug route do we prescribe with a deep and/or systemic skin lesion/rash? - (ANSWER)oral or IV !
*NOTE*
skin issues treatment/ care - (ANSWER)if it's wet, make it dry ; if it's dry, make it wet !
*NOTE* - (ANSWER)not every skin condition needs medication
patients at higher risk for skin infections include those who.. - (ANSWER)-are receiving chemotherapy
-take a biologic agent for skin conditions
four main causes of skin infections - (ANSWER)1. bacteria -- usually staph or strep (gram + organisms)
2. fungi -- 3 main types
*dermatophytes: tinea
*candidiasis
*tinea versicolor
3. viruses -- many
*herpes, HPV, molluscum contagiosum, HIV, plantar warts, varicella, viral exanthems
4. infestations (parasites)
,INTEGUMENTARY / DERMATOLOGY (APEA) QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED AND 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+
when we hear or see "honey-crusted lesions," what do we think? - (ANSWER)impetigo!
define impetigo - (ANSWER)superficial bacterial infection caused by Strep, Staph, or both that causes the
skin to flake or peel off, skin may become crusted on margin of lesion --"honey crusted lesions"
how do we treat impetigo - (ANSWER)topically !
-mupirocin cream
what is the preferred treatment for ecthyma (deep impetigo)? - (ANSWER)cephalexin (keflex)
a patient presents with a red, swollen foot and calf. The erythematous area is warm to the touch and
tender to palpation. What is the most likely diagnosis/ treatment? - (ANSWER)diagnosis: suspected
cellulitis
treatment: oral antibiotics
why? --> symptoms point us to suspicion of systemic infection rather than just superficial, so we go oral
antibiotics rather than topical
a patient presents with a red, swollen foot and calf. The erythematous area is warm to the touch and
tender to palpation. Which two pathogens should be covered for a suspected cellulitis diagnosis? -
(ANSWER)-methicillin-sensitive Staph Aureus (MSSA)
-beta hemolytic Streptococci
aka..staph and strep
, INTEGUMENTARY / DERMATOLOGY (APEA) QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED AND 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+
define cellulitis - (ANSWER)bacterial infection of the dermis and hypodermis, usually caused by Group A
Strep or Staph aureus
-may cause fever and/or elevated WBC
*NOTE* - (ANSWER)deep, non-purulent infection + systemic symptoms = systemic antibiotics! (oral or IV)
a student athlete presents to the clinic with a 2cm abscess on the right shin. What is the most likely
organism causing this infection? - (ANSWER)MRSA
a patient presents with report for a spider bite. There is a 2cm indurated area with evidence of cellulitis
with exudate. what do we suspect? How should this be managed? - (ANSWER)suspect: abscess
managed: incision and drainage (I&D) - 1st line
2nd step: oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)
"when there's pus about, let it out!!"
define folliculitis - (ANSWER)inflammation of the hair follicles (diffuse)
-can be superficial or deep
-usually caused by staphylococcus (sometimes strep pyogenes; or pseudomonas)
folliculitis presentation - (ANSWER)pustules and/or papules at site of hair follicles
