NUR 170 EXAM 3 CORE NURSING CONCEPTS
AND PATIENT CARE REVIEW 2026
◉ What is the difference between myopia and
hyperopia
Answer: Myopia (Nearsightedness) is the ability to see close objects
well, but not distant objects
Hyperopia (Farsightedness) is the ability to see distant objects well,
but not near objects
◉ What is the difference between conduction deafness
and nerve deafness?
Answer: Conduction deafness is caused by problems affecting any
structure that transmits vibrations. These structures are in the outer
and middle ear.
Nerve deafness is caused by damage to cranial
nerve VIII or the receptors in the cochlea.
◉ Identify areas you should assess for a client with
known or suspected sensory alterations.
,Answer: 1. Factors affecting sensory perception
2. Mental status
3. Level of consciousness
4. Recent changes in sensory stimulation
5. Use of sensory aids
6. Patient's environment
7. The support network
8. Focused examination of vision, hearing, taste, smell, touch, and
balance
◉ Identify at least two ways that you can assess vision
and hearing deficits at the bedside.
Answer: Vision assessments. Have the client read a newspaper,
menu, or other printed matter and observe the client for squinting.
To assess distance, you might have the client identify someone or an
object across the room.
Hearing assessments. Observe conversations,
perform the whisper test
◉ Identify safety measures that may be used with
clients with visual impairment
Answer: • Place eyeglasses within easy reach.
,• Make sure eyeglasses are clean, in good repair, and of the proper
prescription.
• Provide sufficient light, but avoid glare by using
soft, diffuse lighting.
• When outdoors, provide sunglasses or visors or
hats with brims.
• A client with significant impairment should be
evaluated for ability to drive.
◉ Identify safety measures that may be used with
clients with hearing impairment.
Answer: • If the client has a hearing aid, check to make sure that it is
working properly, the batteries are functional, and the sound is
adjusted to a comfortable level for the client.
• Blinking lights can be installed that alert the person to an incoming
call or the ring of a doorbell.
• Security alarms and smoke detectors with light
, notification are also available.
- Make sure call light is within reach
◉ What are the major concerns associated with loss of
smell and taste?
Answer: Loss of the sense of smell diminishes taste and
denies the client the pleasure of enjoying food.
Without the gustatory sense, a client may eat less and be at risk for
nutritional deficits and weight loss. Safety issues (e.g., inability to
smell smoke) are also a concern when the client cannot smell.
◉ What safety measures should be taught to a client
with tactile impairment?
Answer: Use a bath thermometer to monitor water temperature and
prevent burns.
Change positions frequently to relieve pressure on bony
prominences.
Use properly fitting shoes and socks.
Immediately report signs of circulatory impairment (e.g., declining
motor function, cool temperature, gray-blue coloration).
AND PATIENT CARE REVIEW 2026
◉ What is the difference between myopia and
hyperopia
Answer: Myopia (Nearsightedness) is the ability to see close objects
well, but not distant objects
Hyperopia (Farsightedness) is the ability to see distant objects well,
but not near objects
◉ What is the difference between conduction deafness
and nerve deafness?
Answer: Conduction deafness is caused by problems affecting any
structure that transmits vibrations. These structures are in the outer
and middle ear.
Nerve deafness is caused by damage to cranial
nerve VIII or the receptors in the cochlea.
◉ Identify areas you should assess for a client with
known or suspected sensory alterations.
,Answer: 1. Factors affecting sensory perception
2. Mental status
3. Level of consciousness
4. Recent changes in sensory stimulation
5. Use of sensory aids
6. Patient's environment
7. The support network
8. Focused examination of vision, hearing, taste, smell, touch, and
balance
◉ Identify at least two ways that you can assess vision
and hearing deficits at the bedside.
Answer: Vision assessments. Have the client read a newspaper,
menu, or other printed matter and observe the client for squinting.
To assess distance, you might have the client identify someone or an
object across the room.
Hearing assessments. Observe conversations,
perform the whisper test
◉ Identify safety measures that may be used with
clients with visual impairment
Answer: • Place eyeglasses within easy reach.
,• Make sure eyeglasses are clean, in good repair, and of the proper
prescription.
• Provide sufficient light, but avoid glare by using
soft, diffuse lighting.
• When outdoors, provide sunglasses or visors or
hats with brims.
• A client with significant impairment should be
evaluated for ability to drive.
◉ Identify safety measures that may be used with
clients with hearing impairment.
Answer: • If the client has a hearing aid, check to make sure that it is
working properly, the batteries are functional, and the sound is
adjusted to a comfortable level for the client.
• Blinking lights can be installed that alert the person to an incoming
call or the ring of a doorbell.
• Security alarms and smoke detectors with light
, notification are also available.
- Make sure call light is within reach
◉ What are the major concerns associated with loss of
smell and taste?
Answer: Loss of the sense of smell diminishes taste and
denies the client the pleasure of enjoying food.
Without the gustatory sense, a client may eat less and be at risk for
nutritional deficits and weight loss. Safety issues (e.g., inability to
smell smoke) are also a concern when the client cannot smell.
◉ What safety measures should be taught to a client
with tactile impairment?
Answer: Use a bath thermometer to monitor water temperature and
prevent burns.
Change positions frequently to relieve pressure on bony
prominences.
Use properly fitting shoes and socks.
Immediately report signs of circulatory impairment (e.g., declining
motor function, cool temperature, gray-blue coloration).
