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CPH-ALL SAMPLE EXAM Practice LATEST VERSION
ALL 300 RANDOMIZED PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS & RATIONALES
1. Which of the following best describes the purpose of descriptive epidemiology?
A) To test hypotheses about disease causation
B) To describe the distribution of disease by person, place, and time
C) To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions
D) To identify risk factors for disease
Descriptive epidemiology describes the occurrence of disease in populations by characterizing it according
to person (who), place (where), and time (when). This provides the foundation for generating hypotheses
about causation.
Answer: B
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2. A study design that follows a group of individuals over time to observe the development of disease is
called:
A) Cross-sectional study
B) Case-control study
C) Cohort study
D) Ecological study
A cohort study follows a group of individuals (a cohort) over time to observe who develops the disease or
outcome of interest. It can be prospective or retrospective and is used to study causal relationships
between risk factors and outcomes.
Answer: C
3. In a case-control study, the exposure status is determined:
A) Prospectively, as the study progresses
B) Retrospectively, by looking back at participants' histories
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C) During a one-time interview only
D) By following participants forward in time
In a case-control study, researchers start with individuals who have the disease (cases) and those who do
not (controls), and look backward to assess past exposure. It is retrospective and often used for rare
diseases.
Answer: B
4. The measure of association most commonly used in case-control studies is:
A) Relative risk
B) Odds ratio
C) Incidence rate
D) Prevalence ratio
The odds ratio is the measure of association used in case-control studies because incidence cannot be
directly calculated. It estimates the odds of exposure among cases compared to controls.
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Answer: B
5. A relative risk (RR) of 1.0 indicates:
A) The exposure is protective
B) No association between exposure and disease
C) The exposure is a risk factor
D) The study has a type I error
A relative risk of 1.0 means that the incidence of disease in the exposed group is equal to that in the
unexposed group, indicating no association between the exposure and the disease.
Answer: B
6. An odds ratio of 2.5 in a case-control study suggests:
CPH-ALL SAMPLE EXAM Practice LATEST VERSION
ALL 300 RANDOMIZED PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS & RATIONALES
1. Which of the following best describes the purpose of descriptive epidemiology?
A) To test hypotheses about disease causation
B) To describe the distribution of disease by person, place, and time
C) To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions
D) To identify risk factors for disease
Descriptive epidemiology describes the occurrence of disease in populations by characterizing it according
to person (who), place (where), and time (when). This provides the foundation for generating hypotheses
about causation.
Answer: B
, Page 2 of 214
2. A study design that follows a group of individuals over time to observe the development of disease is
called:
A) Cross-sectional study
B) Case-control study
C) Cohort study
D) Ecological study
A cohort study follows a group of individuals (a cohort) over time to observe who develops the disease or
outcome of interest. It can be prospective or retrospective and is used to study causal relationships
between risk factors and outcomes.
Answer: C
3. In a case-control study, the exposure status is determined:
A) Prospectively, as the study progresses
B) Retrospectively, by looking back at participants' histories
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C) During a one-time interview only
D) By following participants forward in time
In a case-control study, researchers start with individuals who have the disease (cases) and those who do
not (controls), and look backward to assess past exposure. It is retrospective and often used for rare
diseases.
Answer: B
4. The measure of association most commonly used in case-control studies is:
A) Relative risk
B) Odds ratio
C) Incidence rate
D) Prevalence ratio
The odds ratio is the measure of association used in case-control studies because incidence cannot be
directly calculated. It estimates the odds of exposure among cases compared to controls.
, Page 4 of 214
Answer: B
5. A relative risk (RR) of 1.0 indicates:
A) The exposure is protective
B) No association between exposure and disease
C) The exposure is a risk factor
D) The study has a type I error
A relative risk of 1.0 means that the incidence of disease in the exposed group is equal to that in the
unexposed group, indicating no association between the exposure and the disease.
Answer: B
6. An odds ratio of 2.5 in a case-control study suggests:
