Anatomy & Physiology Midterm (Jersey College) Questions and Answers

Anatomy & Physiology Midterm (Jersey College) Questions and Answers The word derived from two Greek words meaning "a cutting up" is anatomy The study of how the body functions is called physiology The correct sequence of the level of organization is chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism The reference position for all body directional terms is the anatomical position The term most opposite proximal is distal The term most opposite medial is lateral A cut dividing the body into anterior and posterior portion is called a frontal section A cut dividing the body into upper and lower portions is called a transverse section A cut dividing the body into right and left portions is called a sagittal section The mediastinum is part of the ventral cavity The two major cavities of the body are the dorsal and ventral The diaphragm divides the thoracic from the abdominal cavity The upper right abdominopelvic regions include the right and left hypochondriac and epigastric The middle abdominopelvic regions include the right and left lumbar and umbilical The lower abdominopelvic regions include the right and left iliac and hypogastric The brain is in the cranial cavity The spinal cavity is part of the dorsal cavity The heart is an example of this level of organization organ The lungs are located in the thoracic cavity Which of the following is not a subatomic particle that makes up the atom ion The plasma membrane of a cell is composed of phospholipid molecules, cholesterol molecules and protein molecules The organelles that are the "protein factories" for the cell are the ribosomes The organelles that are the "power plants" of the cell are the mitochondria The organelles that are the "digestive bags" of the cell are the lysosomes The long tail like structure that propels sperm cells is the flagella Which of the following transport processes does not require cell energy osmosis and dialysis Which of the following transport processes requires cell energy pinocytosis If a blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution: water will enter the cell If a blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution water will leave the cell and it will crenate Protein synthesis consists of the process of the process of transcription and translation Chromosomes align themselves in the center of the cell during metaphase The DNA replicates itself during interphase Stratified squamous tissue is an example of epithelial tissue Smooth, striated, and cardiac are examples of muscle tissue The tissue connected and supported by glia cells is nervous tissue Adipose and areolar tissues are examples of connective tissue The following is not one of the main parts of a cell interstitial fluid DNA differs from RNA in that DNA is double stranded What type of tissue is simple columnar tissue epithelial tissue What type of tissue are glia cells nervous tissue What type of tissue is cardiac tissue muscle tissue What type of tissue is bone tissue connective tissue What type of tissue is blood connective tissue What tissue covers and lines many parts of the body epithelial tissue A chemical fuel that allows the body cells to do work and to function is known as ATP The number of protons or the number of electrons within an atom is known as the atomic weight The universal solvent water An enzyme that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being affected by the reaction is known as a catalyst A substance that acts as a reservoir for hydrogen ions, donating them to a solution when their concentration falls and taking the hydrogen ions from a solution when their concentration rises is known as buffer The building blocks of proteins are amino acids A solution in which the salt concentration is greater outside the cell than inside the cell is known as hypertonic A solution is which the concentration outside a cell is the same as the inside the cell is known as isotonic The basic unit of biological organization of the human body is the cell The liquid portion of a cell is called protoplasm The control center of the cell is the nucleus The site of protein synthesis is in the ribosome The cellular process of reading the code and bringing the appropriate amino acids in sequence along the mRNA is known as translation Cellular organelles composed of fibrils and located on the cell surface that protrude from the cell and beat or vibrate are called the cilia and flagella