APHON Overview Questions with Correct Answers
Question 1:
biotherapy
Answer:
modality of tx: agents that resemble body's own defense and surveillance systems. can
augment/modulate/restore host's immune response, direct antitumor activity, other biological
effects. side effects typically hypersensitivity rx
Question 2:
immune surveillance
Answer:
tumor cells express abnormal tumor antigens on surface that can be recognized/destroyed by
immune system
Question 3:
natural killer cells
Answer:
lymphocyte that recognizes/kills malignant cells
Question 4:
cytotoxic t cells
Answer:
recognize tumor-assosiated antigens and kills cells
Question 5:
interferons
Answer:
multiple moa's & produced w/ recombinant dna.protein capable of protecting other cells from
viral infections by interfering w/ viral replication. family of glycoproteins include: antiviral,
antiproliferative, potent immunomodulatory effects
Question 6:
cytokines
Answer:
products of immune cells to enhance cytotoxic activity of cells and increase immune response
,Question 7:
alpha-interferon
Answer:
leukocyte-derived. tx: hairy cell leukemia, melanoma, chronic myeloid leukemia, follicular
lymphoma, multiple myeloma, cutaneous t-cell lymphoma
Question 8:
beta-interferon
Answer:
fibroblast-derived. tx MS
Question 9:
gamma-interferon
Answer:
t-lymphocyte derived. tx chronic granulomatus disease
Question 10:
interleukin-2
Answer:
produced by t-helper cells & stimulate growth/maturation of t-cell subsets, cytotoxic t-cells,
production of lymphokines & cytokines.
act as chemical signals b/w wbc's (revs up immune system)
Question 11:
retinoids
Answer:
immunomodulators that facilitate differentiation & suppress proliferation of cancer cells
Question 12:
all-trans retinoic acid (atra)
Answer:
tx: aml, aml m3 subtype, apl
increase maturation of promyelocytic blasts and rapid resolution of coagulopathy r/t tx.
,Question 13:
antibodies
Answer:
proteins produced by b-lymphocytes. part of humoral immunity of adaptive system. includes
immunoglobulins (igG, igA, igM, igE, igD)
Question 14:
murine
Answer:
mouse-derived MoAbs. pt develops human antimouse antibodies creating high risk of
hypersensitivity rx end in -momab
Question 15:
Monoclonal antibodies
Answer:
very specific. directed against single antigenic determinant on cell surface causing
antibody-dependent cellular toxicity, direct cell death, elimination of antigen/target cell that
expresses the antigenlow toxicity
Question 16:
-ximab
Answer:
moab combo of human & mouse antibodies
Question 17:
-zumab
Answer:
moab humanized, small part of mouse antibody fused w/ human antibody
Question 18:
-umab
Answer:
fully humanized moabs
, Question 19:
chimeric moab
Answer:
murine variable & human constant coupled using recombinant dna
Question 20:
purpose of moabs
Answer:
attach low-dose radioisotopes to image residual disease. target chemo, radiation, biotherapy to
tumor purge autologous bone marrow of cancer cells before transplantselectively remove t
cells responsible for gvhd from marrow prior to allogenic transplant efficacy increased w/
chemo or radioactive substances
Question 21:
rituximab
Answer:
tx relapsed/refractory b-cell lymphoma, cd20+, non-hodgkins lymphoma (w/ chop),
posttransplant lymphoproliferative d/o, & chronic gvhd
Question 22:
rituximab moa
Answer:
act on CD20 antigen on surface of normal/malignant b lymphocytes and works w/ immune
system to induce b-cell lysis
Question 23:
radiopharmaceuticals
Answer:
moabs that have radioactive source attached for cancer killing effect
Question 24:
ibritumomab tiuxetan (zevalin)
Answer:
radiopharmaceutical tx relapse/refractory low-grade follicular or transformed b-cell
non-hodgkins lymphoma
Question 1:
biotherapy
Answer:
modality of tx: agents that resemble body's own defense and surveillance systems. can
augment/modulate/restore host's immune response, direct antitumor activity, other biological
effects. side effects typically hypersensitivity rx
Question 2:
immune surveillance
Answer:
tumor cells express abnormal tumor antigens on surface that can be recognized/destroyed by
immune system
Question 3:
natural killer cells
Answer:
lymphocyte that recognizes/kills malignant cells
Question 4:
cytotoxic t cells
Answer:
recognize tumor-assosiated antigens and kills cells
Question 5:
interferons
Answer:
multiple moa's & produced w/ recombinant dna.protein capable of protecting other cells from
viral infections by interfering w/ viral replication. family of glycoproteins include: antiviral,
antiproliferative, potent immunomodulatory effects
Question 6:
cytokines
Answer:
products of immune cells to enhance cytotoxic activity of cells and increase immune response
,Question 7:
alpha-interferon
Answer:
leukocyte-derived. tx: hairy cell leukemia, melanoma, chronic myeloid leukemia, follicular
lymphoma, multiple myeloma, cutaneous t-cell lymphoma
Question 8:
beta-interferon
Answer:
fibroblast-derived. tx MS
Question 9:
gamma-interferon
Answer:
t-lymphocyte derived. tx chronic granulomatus disease
Question 10:
interleukin-2
Answer:
produced by t-helper cells & stimulate growth/maturation of t-cell subsets, cytotoxic t-cells,
production of lymphokines & cytokines.
act as chemical signals b/w wbc's (revs up immune system)
Question 11:
retinoids
Answer:
immunomodulators that facilitate differentiation & suppress proliferation of cancer cells
Question 12:
all-trans retinoic acid (atra)
Answer:
tx: aml, aml m3 subtype, apl
increase maturation of promyelocytic blasts and rapid resolution of coagulopathy r/t tx.
,Question 13:
antibodies
Answer:
proteins produced by b-lymphocytes. part of humoral immunity of adaptive system. includes
immunoglobulins (igG, igA, igM, igE, igD)
Question 14:
murine
Answer:
mouse-derived MoAbs. pt develops human antimouse antibodies creating high risk of
hypersensitivity rx end in -momab
Question 15:
Monoclonal antibodies
Answer:
very specific. directed against single antigenic determinant on cell surface causing
antibody-dependent cellular toxicity, direct cell death, elimination of antigen/target cell that
expresses the antigenlow toxicity
Question 16:
-ximab
Answer:
moab combo of human & mouse antibodies
Question 17:
-zumab
Answer:
moab humanized, small part of mouse antibody fused w/ human antibody
Question 18:
-umab
Answer:
fully humanized moabs
, Question 19:
chimeric moab
Answer:
murine variable & human constant coupled using recombinant dna
Question 20:
purpose of moabs
Answer:
attach low-dose radioisotopes to image residual disease. target chemo, radiation, biotherapy to
tumor purge autologous bone marrow of cancer cells before transplantselectively remove t
cells responsible for gvhd from marrow prior to allogenic transplant efficacy increased w/
chemo or radioactive substances
Question 21:
rituximab
Answer:
tx relapsed/refractory b-cell lymphoma, cd20+, non-hodgkins lymphoma (w/ chop),
posttransplant lymphoproliferative d/o, & chronic gvhd
Question 22:
rituximab moa
Answer:
act on CD20 antigen on surface of normal/malignant b lymphocytes and works w/ immune
system to induce b-cell lysis
Question 23:
radiopharmaceuticals
Answer:
moabs that have radioactive source attached for cancer killing effect
Question 24:
ibritumomab tiuxetan (zevalin)
Answer:
radiopharmaceutical tx relapse/refractory low-grade follicular or transformed b-cell
non-hodgkins lymphoma
