FLORIDA COMMUNITY ASSOCIATION MANAGER
PRE-LICENSING EXAM PREP | 2026/2027 EDITION | 250
VERIFIED QUESTIONS
FL CAM EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM NEWEST 2026 TEST BANK. 400 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+. 100% Verified Solutions | Updated Per Latest
Florida Statutes | Graded A+
This comprehensive test bank provides 250 verified questions and answers designed to prepare
candidates for the Florida Community Association Manager (CAM) pre-licensing exam. Covering all
essential content areas, including Florida statutes, financial management, governance, and
maintenance, this resource ensures thorough exam readiness. Each question includes correct answers
and rationales to reinforce understanding. Updated for the 2026/2027 academic year, this document
reflects the most current regulatory requirements and industry best practices.
Abstract:
This test bank serves as a definitive study resource for the Florida Community Association Manager (CAM)
pre-licensing examination, containing 250 meticulously verified questions and answers. The content is organized
into core domains critical for CAM practice: legal and regulatory compliance, financial operations, governance,
property management, and risk mitigation. Each question is accompanied by a correct answer and a detailed
rationale explaining the underlying principle or statute, facilitating deep learning and retention. The material has
been rigorously updated to reflect the 2026/2027 Florida Statutes, including recent amendments to Chapter 718
(Condominiums), Chapter 719 (Cooperatives), and Chapter 720 (Homeowners' Associations). This document is
designed for self-study or as a supplement to formal coursework, offering a realistic simulation of the exam format
and difficulty. By mastering these questions, candidates will build confidence and competence to achieve a passing
score on their first attempt. The test bank also includes practice exams to assess readiness and identify areas
needing further review.
Content Area Overview:
Content Area Questions Key Topics Weight
Legal and Regulatory 1-50 Florida Statutes, administrative rules, 20%
Framework association documents, fair housing
Financial Management 51-100 budgeting, reserve funding, financial 20%
reporting, audits, collections
Board Governance and Meetings 101-150 board duties, meeting procedures, voting, 20%
elections, records
Operations and Maintenance 151-200 maintenance responsibilities, contracts, 20%
vendor management, insurance
Risk Management and Ethics 201-250 liability, ethics, conflict of interest, 20%
emergency preparedness
Page 1
,Q1. A condominium association's board of directors approved a special assessment of $5,000 per
unit without a membership vote. The declaration is silent on special assessments. Which of the
following best describes the legal status of this assessment under Florida law?
A. Valid because the board has implied authority to levy assessments for necessary expenses.
B. Voidable unless ratified by a majority of unit owners within 30 days.
C. Void because any special assessment exceeding $1,000 per unit requires prior membership
approval.
D. Valid only if the association is in a state of financial emergency declared by the board.
Correct Answer: C. Void because any special assessment exceeding $1,000 per unit requires prior
membership approval.
Rationale: Under Florida Statute 718.116, unless the declaration provides otherwise, any special
assessment that exceeds $1,000 per unit requires approval by a majority of unit owners. Since the
declaration is silent, the statutory default applies, making the board's action void.
Why Wrong:
A - The board's implied authority does not override statutory requirements for owner approval of
large assessments.
B - Ratification is not a statutory cure; the assessment is void ab initio without owner vote.
D - Financial emergency does not exempt the association from the statutory voting requirement.
Reference: Florida Statute §718.116(2)(b); DBPR Rule 61B-23.001
Q2. An association manager receives a written request from a unit owner to inspect the association's
official records, including board meeting minutes and vendor contracts. The manager refuses, citing
the owner's unpaid fines. Under Florida law, what is the manager's liability?
A. No liability because the association can condition records access on payment of all amounts due.
B. Liable for a civil penalty up to $500 per request for willfully failing to provide access.
C. Liable only if the owner files a complaint with DBPR and the division finds a violation.
D. No liability because unpaid fines are a legitimate basis to deny inspection.
Correct Answer: B. Liable for a civil penalty up to $500 per request for willfully failing to provide
access.
Rationale: Florida law (718.111(12)) grants unit owners the right to inspect records, and the association
cannot condition access on payment of fines or other charges. Willful refusal subjects the manager to a
civil penalty of up to $500 per request, plus attorney's fees.
Why Wrong:
A - Unpaid fines are not a permissible condition to deny records access under the statute.
C - DBPR complaint is not required; the owner may sue directly for the statutory penalty.
D - Unpaid fines are not a valid basis to deny inspection; the right is unconditional.
Reference: Florida Statute §718.111(12); §718.111(12)(c)
Page 2
,Q3. A homeowner association (HOA) board adopted a rule prohibiting all rental leases shorter than
12 months. A member challenges the rule as unreasonable. Which legal standard will the court
apply?
A. Strict scrutiny, because the rule restricts a fundamental property right.
B. The business judgment rule, deferring to the board's good faith decision.
C. Reasonableness standard, balancing the restriction against the association's purposes.
D. Rational basis, as long as the rule is not arbitrary or capricious.
Correct Answer: C. Reasonableness standard, balancing the restriction against the association's
purposes.
Rationale: Florida courts apply a reasonableness standard to HOA restrictions on rentals. The rule must
be reasonable in light of the association's purposes and the impact on owners. The business judgment rule
applies to board decisions that do not involve interpretation of governing documents; here, the rule is a
substantive restriction.
Why Wrong:
A - Strict scrutiny is not used; property rights are not fundamental in this context.
B - The business judgment rule applies to board decisions, but the court also reviews reasonableness
of the rule itself.
D - Rational basis is too deferential; the rule must be reasonable, not merely non-arbitrary.
Reference: Florida Statute §720.304; Beachwood Villas v. O'Neil, 629 So. 2d 1049 (Fla. 4th DCA 1993)
Q4. A condominium association's financial statements show a reserve fund that is 80% funded for
roof replacement. The board proposes to waive the full funding requirement for the next fiscal year.
What vote is required to validly waive reserves?
A. Majority vote of the board of directors.
B. Two-thirds vote of the unit owners present at a meeting.
C. Majority vote of the unit owners at a meeting, unless the declaration requires a higher percentage.
D. Unanimous vote of all unit owners.
Correct Answer: C. Majority vote of the unit owners at a meeting, unless the declaration requires a
higher percentage.
Rationale: Under Florida Statute 718.112(2)(f), a condominium association may waive or reduce
reserves only by a majority vote of the unit owners at a meeting called for that purpose. The declaration
may require a higher percentage, but the default is majority of owners.
Why Wrong:
A - The board cannot unilaterally waive reserves; owner vote is required.
B - Two-thirds is not the statutory default; majority is sufficient unless declaration says otherwise.
D - Unanimity is not required; only majority of owners present at a properly noticed meeting.
Reference: Florida Statute §718.112(2)(f)
Page 3
, Q5. A manager is preparing the annual budget for a cooperative association. The association has a
$200,000 loan for capital improvements. Which of the following must be included in the budget as a
separate line item?
A. Principal and interest payments on the loan.
B. Only the interest portion, as principal is a reduction of liability.
C. Only the principal portion, as interest is an operating expense.
D. Neither, because loan payments are not operating expenses.
Correct Answer: A. Principal and interest payments on the loan.
Rationale: Florida law requires that the annual budget include all anticipated common expenses,
including debt service (both principal and interest) for capital improvements. This ensures owners see the
full cost of operations. Principal repayment is a use of funds that reduces the liability, but it is still an
expense of the association.
Why Wrong:
B - Both principal and interest must be shown to reflect the true cost of the loan.
C - Both components are required; principal is not excluded from the budget.
D - Loan payments are common expenses and must be budgeted.
Reference: Florida Statute §719.105(1); DBPR Rule 61B-15.001
Q6. During an election for the board of directors of a condominium, a candidate distributes a flyer
accusing an incumbent of financial mismanagement. The incumbent claims the flyer contains false
statements. Under Florida law, what remedy is available?
A. The incumbent may seek an injunction to prevent distribution of the flyer.
B. The election must be invalidated if the false statement affected the outcome.
C. The incumbent may sue for defamation, but the election results stand unless challenged within 60
days.
D. The association may fine the candidate for violating campaign rules.
Correct Answer: C. The incumbent may sue for defamation, but the election results stand unless
challenged within 60 days.
Rationale: False statements during a campaign may give rise to a defamation action, but the election
itself is not automatically invalidated. Under Florida law, election challenges must be filed within 60 days
of the election (718.112(2)(d)4.b). The board does not have authority to fine for false statements unless
the governing documents provide so.
Why Wrong:
A - Injunctions against speech are disfavored; defamation is a post-election remedy.
B - Invalidation requires a timely challenge and proof that the false statement changed the outcome.
D - The association typically does not have the power to fine for campaign speech absent specific
rule.
Reference: Florida Statute §718.112(2)(d)4.b; §718.112(2)(d)4.c
Page 4
PRE-LICENSING EXAM PREP | 2026/2027 EDITION | 250
VERIFIED QUESTIONS
FL CAM EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM NEWEST 2026 TEST BANK. 400 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+. 100% Verified Solutions | Updated Per Latest
Florida Statutes | Graded A+
This comprehensive test bank provides 250 verified questions and answers designed to prepare
candidates for the Florida Community Association Manager (CAM) pre-licensing exam. Covering all
essential content areas, including Florida statutes, financial management, governance, and
maintenance, this resource ensures thorough exam readiness. Each question includes correct answers
and rationales to reinforce understanding. Updated for the 2026/2027 academic year, this document
reflects the most current regulatory requirements and industry best practices.
Abstract:
This test bank serves as a definitive study resource for the Florida Community Association Manager (CAM)
pre-licensing examination, containing 250 meticulously verified questions and answers. The content is organized
into core domains critical for CAM practice: legal and regulatory compliance, financial operations, governance,
property management, and risk mitigation. Each question is accompanied by a correct answer and a detailed
rationale explaining the underlying principle or statute, facilitating deep learning and retention. The material has
been rigorously updated to reflect the 2026/2027 Florida Statutes, including recent amendments to Chapter 718
(Condominiums), Chapter 719 (Cooperatives), and Chapter 720 (Homeowners' Associations). This document is
designed for self-study or as a supplement to formal coursework, offering a realistic simulation of the exam format
and difficulty. By mastering these questions, candidates will build confidence and competence to achieve a passing
score on their first attempt. The test bank also includes practice exams to assess readiness and identify areas
needing further review.
Content Area Overview:
Content Area Questions Key Topics Weight
Legal and Regulatory 1-50 Florida Statutes, administrative rules, 20%
Framework association documents, fair housing
Financial Management 51-100 budgeting, reserve funding, financial 20%
reporting, audits, collections
Board Governance and Meetings 101-150 board duties, meeting procedures, voting, 20%
elections, records
Operations and Maintenance 151-200 maintenance responsibilities, contracts, 20%
vendor management, insurance
Risk Management and Ethics 201-250 liability, ethics, conflict of interest, 20%
emergency preparedness
Page 1
,Q1. A condominium association's board of directors approved a special assessment of $5,000 per
unit without a membership vote. The declaration is silent on special assessments. Which of the
following best describes the legal status of this assessment under Florida law?
A. Valid because the board has implied authority to levy assessments for necessary expenses.
B. Voidable unless ratified by a majority of unit owners within 30 days.
C. Void because any special assessment exceeding $1,000 per unit requires prior membership
approval.
D. Valid only if the association is in a state of financial emergency declared by the board.
Correct Answer: C. Void because any special assessment exceeding $1,000 per unit requires prior
membership approval.
Rationale: Under Florida Statute 718.116, unless the declaration provides otherwise, any special
assessment that exceeds $1,000 per unit requires approval by a majority of unit owners. Since the
declaration is silent, the statutory default applies, making the board's action void.
Why Wrong:
A - The board's implied authority does not override statutory requirements for owner approval of
large assessments.
B - Ratification is not a statutory cure; the assessment is void ab initio without owner vote.
D - Financial emergency does not exempt the association from the statutory voting requirement.
Reference: Florida Statute §718.116(2)(b); DBPR Rule 61B-23.001
Q2. An association manager receives a written request from a unit owner to inspect the association's
official records, including board meeting minutes and vendor contracts. The manager refuses, citing
the owner's unpaid fines. Under Florida law, what is the manager's liability?
A. No liability because the association can condition records access on payment of all amounts due.
B. Liable for a civil penalty up to $500 per request for willfully failing to provide access.
C. Liable only if the owner files a complaint with DBPR and the division finds a violation.
D. No liability because unpaid fines are a legitimate basis to deny inspection.
Correct Answer: B. Liable for a civil penalty up to $500 per request for willfully failing to provide
access.
Rationale: Florida law (718.111(12)) grants unit owners the right to inspect records, and the association
cannot condition access on payment of fines or other charges. Willful refusal subjects the manager to a
civil penalty of up to $500 per request, plus attorney's fees.
Why Wrong:
A - Unpaid fines are not a permissible condition to deny records access under the statute.
C - DBPR complaint is not required; the owner may sue directly for the statutory penalty.
D - Unpaid fines are not a valid basis to deny inspection; the right is unconditional.
Reference: Florida Statute §718.111(12); §718.111(12)(c)
Page 2
,Q3. A homeowner association (HOA) board adopted a rule prohibiting all rental leases shorter than
12 months. A member challenges the rule as unreasonable. Which legal standard will the court
apply?
A. Strict scrutiny, because the rule restricts a fundamental property right.
B. The business judgment rule, deferring to the board's good faith decision.
C. Reasonableness standard, balancing the restriction against the association's purposes.
D. Rational basis, as long as the rule is not arbitrary or capricious.
Correct Answer: C. Reasonableness standard, balancing the restriction against the association's
purposes.
Rationale: Florida courts apply a reasonableness standard to HOA restrictions on rentals. The rule must
be reasonable in light of the association's purposes and the impact on owners. The business judgment rule
applies to board decisions that do not involve interpretation of governing documents; here, the rule is a
substantive restriction.
Why Wrong:
A - Strict scrutiny is not used; property rights are not fundamental in this context.
B - The business judgment rule applies to board decisions, but the court also reviews reasonableness
of the rule itself.
D - Rational basis is too deferential; the rule must be reasonable, not merely non-arbitrary.
Reference: Florida Statute §720.304; Beachwood Villas v. O'Neil, 629 So. 2d 1049 (Fla. 4th DCA 1993)
Q4. A condominium association's financial statements show a reserve fund that is 80% funded for
roof replacement. The board proposes to waive the full funding requirement for the next fiscal year.
What vote is required to validly waive reserves?
A. Majority vote of the board of directors.
B. Two-thirds vote of the unit owners present at a meeting.
C. Majority vote of the unit owners at a meeting, unless the declaration requires a higher percentage.
D. Unanimous vote of all unit owners.
Correct Answer: C. Majority vote of the unit owners at a meeting, unless the declaration requires a
higher percentage.
Rationale: Under Florida Statute 718.112(2)(f), a condominium association may waive or reduce
reserves only by a majority vote of the unit owners at a meeting called for that purpose. The declaration
may require a higher percentage, but the default is majority of owners.
Why Wrong:
A - The board cannot unilaterally waive reserves; owner vote is required.
B - Two-thirds is not the statutory default; majority is sufficient unless declaration says otherwise.
D - Unanimity is not required; only majority of owners present at a properly noticed meeting.
Reference: Florida Statute §718.112(2)(f)
Page 3
, Q5. A manager is preparing the annual budget for a cooperative association. The association has a
$200,000 loan for capital improvements. Which of the following must be included in the budget as a
separate line item?
A. Principal and interest payments on the loan.
B. Only the interest portion, as principal is a reduction of liability.
C. Only the principal portion, as interest is an operating expense.
D. Neither, because loan payments are not operating expenses.
Correct Answer: A. Principal and interest payments on the loan.
Rationale: Florida law requires that the annual budget include all anticipated common expenses,
including debt service (both principal and interest) for capital improvements. This ensures owners see the
full cost of operations. Principal repayment is a use of funds that reduces the liability, but it is still an
expense of the association.
Why Wrong:
B - Both principal and interest must be shown to reflect the true cost of the loan.
C - Both components are required; principal is not excluded from the budget.
D - Loan payments are common expenses and must be budgeted.
Reference: Florida Statute §719.105(1); DBPR Rule 61B-15.001
Q6. During an election for the board of directors of a condominium, a candidate distributes a flyer
accusing an incumbent of financial mismanagement. The incumbent claims the flyer contains false
statements. Under Florida law, what remedy is available?
A. The incumbent may seek an injunction to prevent distribution of the flyer.
B. The election must be invalidated if the false statement affected the outcome.
C. The incumbent may sue for defamation, but the election results stand unless challenged within 60
days.
D. The association may fine the candidate for violating campaign rules.
Correct Answer: C. The incumbent may sue for defamation, but the election results stand unless
challenged within 60 days.
Rationale: False statements during a campaign may give rise to a defamation action, but the election
itself is not automatically invalidated. Under Florida law, election challenges must be filed within 60 days
of the election (718.112(2)(d)4.b). The board does not have authority to fine for false statements unless
the governing documents provide so.
Why Wrong:
A - Injunctions against speech are disfavored; defamation is a post-election remedy.
B - Invalidation requires a timely challenge and proof that the false statement changed the outcome.
D - The association typically does not have the power to fine for campaign speech absent specific
rule.
Reference: Florida Statute §718.112(2)(d)4.b; §718.112(2)(d)4.c
Page 4
