ATI TEAS 6 SCIENCE PROFESSIONAL
EXAMPREP 2026 TESTED QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS FULL REVIEW GRADED A+
◉ Closed Circulatory System. Answer: *Double-loop system*
consisting of thick-walled *arteries* that transport blood *away*
from the hear, thinner-walled *veins* that transport blood *to* the
heart, and capillaries made of a single layer of endothelium that
form a network that connects arteries to veins in tissues.
*Transports blood*
*Double Loops*
-*Pulmonary*: Carries deoxygenated blood *from the right*
ventricle to the lungs and *returns* oxygenated blood to the *left*
atrium.
-*Systemic*: Carries oxygenated blood *from left* ventricle to the
body, *returning* deoxygenated blood to the *right*
◉ Open Lymphatic System. Answer: *Circulates and filters
interstitial fluid* between cells and eventually *drains* into the
circulatory system.
-Cleans up excess fluid and proteins and returns them to the blood.
◉ Systole and Diastole (Contraction Cycles). Answer: *Systole*:
Contraction of heart muscles
,*Diastole*: Relaxation of heart muscles
*Controlled*: by a "pacemaker" called the *Sinoatrial Node*, which
sends out electrical signal.
◉ Arteries vs. Veins. Answer: -Arteries have *thick walls* to
withstand the pressure of blood pumped by the hearts.
-Veins have *walls with a thinner muscle layer and larger lumen.*
◉ Simplified Overview of the Heart Cycle. Answer: The *ventricles
contract* (ventricular systole), causing the *Atrioventrcular Valves*
(including mitral and tricuspid vavles) to close, making a *"lub"*
sounds. Subsequently, the empty ventricles are filled with blood
pushed out during *Atrial Systole*. Same time, the *Semilunar
Valves* in the aorta and pulmonary arteries close, preventing blood
from falling back into the ventricles, making a *"dub"* sound, and
completing the *"lub-dub"* sound of the heart.
◉ Where does Gastrointestinal start and end?. Answer: Starts at
mouth
Ends at Anus
◉ What does saliva provide? What initiates it?. Answer: *Amylase
and Lipase*
Initiates *chemical digestion* for starch and lipids.
,◉ Bolus. Answer: Food packaged into small parcels
Then swallowed
◉ Peristalsis. Answer: Moves *bolus* down to stomach through
gastric sphincter (prevents back flow into esophagus)
◉ Pepsin. Answer: -Initiates chemical digestion of proteins by this
*enzyme*
-Activated by *acid and autocatalyst*
◉ Mucus. Answer: Lubricates the food in the saliva
◉ The 3 Main Secretions of the Stomach. Answer: *Pepsinogen*
(chief cells), *Mucus* (goblet cells), *hydrochloric acid* (parietal
cells)
◉ Chyme. Answer: *All three* secretions together
◉ Chyme neutralized by?. Answer: Bicarbonate in pancreatic
secretions
◉ Duodenum receives what from gall bladder?. Answer: Alkaline
bile juices.
, ◉ Duodenum produces what enzymes?. Answer: -"Brush Border"
enzymes
-*Proteases, Lactase and other disaccharides, and bicarbonate.*
◉ Villi and Microvilli function?. Answer: Absorb polar digested
nutrients into blood, lipids into lacteals as chylomicrons, and B12
◉ Blood carrying nutrients passes through? Allowing what to
happen?. Answer: -Through *hepatic portal duct* to the liver
- Allowing liver enzymes to *deaminate amino, convert ammonia to
urea, metabolize consumed toxins, and to store glucose as glycogen.*
◉ Small Intestines *Absorb* what?. Answer: A lot of water and
nutrients
◉ Small intestines include what structure in the order of digestion?.
Answer: Duodenum->jejunum->ileum
◉ Digestive System Functions. Answer: -*Movement*: Mixes and
passes nutrients through the system and eliminates waste.
-*Secretion*: Enzymes, hormones, and other substances necessary
for digestion are secreted into the digestive tract.
EXAMPREP 2026 TESTED QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS FULL REVIEW GRADED A+
◉ Closed Circulatory System. Answer: *Double-loop system*
consisting of thick-walled *arteries* that transport blood *away*
from the hear, thinner-walled *veins* that transport blood *to* the
heart, and capillaries made of a single layer of endothelium that
form a network that connects arteries to veins in tissues.
*Transports blood*
*Double Loops*
-*Pulmonary*: Carries deoxygenated blood *from the right*
ventricle to the lungs and *returns* oxygenated blood to the *left*
atrium.
-*Systemic*: Carries oxygenated blood *from left* ventricle to the
body, *returning* deoxygenated blood to the *right*
◉ Open Lymphatic System. Answer: *Circulates and filters
interstitial fluid* between cells and eventually *drains* into the
circulatory system.
-Cleans up excess fluid and proteins and returns them to the blood.
◉ Systole and Diastole (Contraction Cycles). Answer: *Systole*:
Contraction of heart muscles
,*Diastole*: Relaxation of heart muscles
*Controlled*: by a "pacemaker" called the *Sinoatrial Node*, which
sends out electrical signal.
◉ Arteries vs. Veins. Answer: -Arteries have *thick walls* to
withstand the pressure of blood pumped by the hearts.
-Veins have *walls with a thinner muscle layer and larger lumen.*
◉ Simplified Overview of the Heart Cycle. Answer: The *ventricles
contract* (ventricular systole), causing the *Atrioventrcular Valves*
(including mitral and tricuspid vavles) to close, making a *"lub"*
sounds. Subsequently, the empty ventricles are filled with blood
pushed out during *Atrial Systole*. Same time, the *Semilunar
Valves* in the aorta and pulmonary arteries close, preventing blood
from falling back into the ventricles, making a *"dub"* sound, and
completing the *"lub-dub"* sound of the heart.
◉ Where does Gastrointestinal start and end?. Answer: Starts at
mouth
Ends at Anus
◉ What does saliva provide? What initiates it?. Answer: *Amylase
and Lipase*
Initiates *chemical digestion* for starch and lipids.
,◉ Bolus. Answer: Food packaged into small parcels
Then swallowed
◉ Peristalsis. Answer: Moves *bolus* down to stomach through
gastric sphincter (prevents back flow into esophagus)
◉ Pepsin. Answer: -Initiates chemical digestion of proteins by this
*enzyme*
-Activated by *acid and autocatalyst*
◉ Mucus. Answer: Lubricates the food in the saliva
◉ The 3 Main Secretions of the Stomach. Answer: *Pepsinogen*
(chief cells), *Mucus* (goblet cells), *hydrochloric acid* (parietal
cells)
◉ Chyme. Answer: *All three* secretions together
◉ Chyme neutralized by?. Answer: Bicarbonate in pancreatic
secretions
◉ Duodenum receives what from gall bladder?. Answer: Alkaline
bile juices.
, ◉ Duodenum produces what enzymes?. Answer: -"Brush Border"
enzymes
-*Proteases, Lactase and other disaccharides, and bicarbonate.*
◉ Villi and Microvilli function?. Answer: Absorb polar digested
nutrients into blood, lipids into lacteals as chylomicrons, and B12
◉ Blood carrying nutrients passes through? Allowing what to
happen?. Answer: -Through *hepatic portal duct* to the liver
- Allowing liver enzymes to *deaminate amino, convert ammonia to
urea, metabolize consumed toxins, and to store glucose as glycogen.*
◉ Small Intestines *Absorb* what?. Answer: A lot of water and
nutrients
◉ Small intestines include what structure in the order of digestion?.
Answer: Duodenum->jejunum->ileum
◉ Digestive System Functions. Answer: -*Movement*: Mixes and
passes nutrients through the system and eliminates waste.
-*Secretion*: Enzymes, hormones, and other substances necessary
for digestion are secreted into the digestive tract.
