KAAP 180 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
Basic / Applied science or research - Answers - The terms basic and applied science
represent a continuum of research that generates knowledge for the sake of knowledge
on one end (basic) and problem oriented research on the other (applied).
Clinical research - Answers - Research on a clincial topic (diabetes, shin splints,
concussion, cardiovascular disease).
Discipline - Answers - "The principle function of a discipline is to develop a coherent
body of knowledge that describes, explains and predicts key phenomena from the
domain of interest.
mechanistic study - Answers - NIH defines mechanistic studies as designed to
understand a biological or behavioral process, the pathophysiology of a disease, or the
mechanism of action of an intervention. In KAAP180 an example of an intervention
would be a 6 week balance training program. If balance improved, we would want to
understand the underlying mechanism. Did something change in the nervous system?
Better use of sensory information? Faster reflexes?
Profession - Answers - Professions attempt to improve the conditions of society by
providing a regulated service in which practices and educational or training programs
are developed in accordance with knowledge available from one or more relevant
disciplines. Physical Therapist, Athletic Trainer, Occupational Therapist, etc.
Subdisciplines of Exercise Science - Answers - Biomechanics, Exercise Physiology,
Clinical Exercise Physiology, Sports Medicine (includes Athletic Training), Sports
Psychology, Motor Behavior (includes Motor Control/Motor Learninig/Motor
Development). The names and organization of knowledge varies depending on the
source. There is often overlap among subdisciplines.
Scientific Papers: Features and Sections - Answers - Title, Abstract, Introduction,
Methods, Results, Discussion. Know how to locate information.
System - Answers - General system: a group of related parts that move or work
together. In this class we focuse on different physiological systems inthe body like the
cardiovascular system or nervous system.
Evidence-Based practice - Answers - Specific stuides aimed at providing evidence that
supports a treatment, therapy, or paractice. Variables of interest typically include
outcomes like number of days before returing to sport (or work), blood pressure,
longevity/survival...
, Type of study: Experimental study - Answers - A vairable is manipulated so that the
scientist can observe the response. This type of research is the strongest in determining
cause & effect relationships.
Type of Study: Observational study - Answers - A category of study in which there is no
treatment or manipulation of variables. A study in which subjects complete a survey
about their exercise preferences would be one example of an observational study.
Cross-sectional studies fall within this category.
Type of Study: Descriptive study - Answers - What are the charascteristics or behaviors
of a system? What is the muscle fiber type distribtion of the Himalayan Sherpa? How
many freshmen use the Little Bob for exercise. Describes the system but does not
explain how it functions.
Cross-sectional study - Answers - Comparing 2 or more groups with characteristics of
interest: ACL deficient athletes who are copers vs. non-copers; males vs. females;
young vs. old; power athlete vs. endurance athlete.
applied physiology - Answers - A discipline that examines acute and adaptive
responses of various organs, tissues, cells and/or molecular pathways to environmental,
physiological and/or pathophysiological stressors
physiological systems: names, functions and key components - Answers - See
corresponding learning materials.
integrative physiology: horizontal integration - Answers - Integration of functions or
processes across physiologicval systems (cardiovascular, nervous, muscle, etc). Can
you name examples?
integrative physiology: vertical integration - Answers - Integration across scale of
observation: molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system
Wolff's Law - Answers - Law about adaptation of bone under stimuli of greater or lesser
load. See notes. In what way is it similar to Hebb's Rule (Nervous system)
transverse plane - Answers -
tendon - Answers - Soft tissue that connects muscle to bone. Achilles tendon at ankle.
anterior - Answers -
distal - Answers -
extension - Answers -
flexion - Answers -
Basic / Applied science or research - Answers - The terms basic and applied science
represent a continuum of research that generates knowledge for the sake of knowledge
on one end (basic) and problem oriented research on the other (applied).
Clinical research - Answers - Research on a clincial topic (diabetes, shin splints,
concussion, cardiovascular disease).
Discipline - Answers - "The principle function of a discipline is to develop a coherent
body of knowledge that describes, explains and predicts key phenomena from the
domain of interest.
mechanistic study - Answers - NIH defines mechanistic studies as designed to
understand a biological or behavioral process, the pathophysiology of a disease, or the
mechanism of action of an intervention. In KAAP180 an example of an intervention
would be a 6 week balance training program. If balance improved, we would want to
understand the underlying mechanism. Did something change in the nervous system?
Better use of sensory information? Faster reflexes?
Profession - Answers - Professions attempt to improve the conditions of society by
providing a regulated service in which practices and educational or training programs
are developed in accordance with knowledge available from one or more relevant
disciplines. Physical Therapist, Athletic Trainer, Occupational Therapist, etc.
Subdisciplines of Exercise Science - Answers - Biomechanics, Exercise Physiology,
Clinical Exercise Physiology, Sports Medicine (includes Athletic Training), Sports
Psychology, Motor Behavior (includes Motor Control/Motor Learninig/Motor
Development). The names and organization of knowledge varies depending on the
source. There is often overlap among subdisciplines.
Scientific Papers: Features and Sections - Answers - Title, Abstract, Introduction,
Methods, Results, Discussion. Know how to locate information.
System - Answers - General system: a group of related parts that move or work
together. In this class we focuse on different physiological systems inthe body like the
cardiovascular system or nervous system.
Evidence-Based practice - Answers - Specific stuides aimed at providing evidence that
supports a treatment, therapy, or paractice. Variables of interest typically include
outcomes like number of days before returing to sport (or work), blood pressure,
longevity/survival...
, Type of study: Experimental study - Answers - A vairable is manipulated so that the
scientist can observe the response. This type of research is the strongest in determining
cause & effect relationships.
Type of Study: Observational study - Answers - A category of study in which there is no
treatment or manipulation of variables. A study in which subjects complete a survey
about their exercise preferences would be one example of an observational study.
Cross-sectional studies fall within this category.
Type of Study: Descriptive study - Answers - What are the charascteristics or behaviors
of a system? What is the muscle fiber type distribtion of the Himalayan Sherpa? How
many freshmen use the Little Bob for exercise. Describes the system but does not
explain how it functions.
Cross-sectional study - Answers - Comparing 2 or more groups with characteristics of
interest: ACL deficient athletes who are copers vs. non-copers; males vs. females;
young vs. old; power athlete vs. endurance athlete.
applied physiology - Answers - A discipline that examines acute and adaptive
responses of various organs, tissues, cells and/or molecular pathways to environmental,
physiological and/or pathophysiological stressors
physiological systems: names, functions and key components - Answers - See
corresponding learning materials.
integrative physiology: horizontal integration - Answers - Integration of functions or
processes across physiologicval systems (cardiovascular, nervous, muscle, etc). Can
you name examples?
integrative physiology: vertical integration - Answers - Integration across scale of
observation: molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system
Wolff's Law - Answers - Law about adaptation of bone under stimuli of greater or lesser
load. See notes. In what way is it similar to Hebb's Rule (Nervous system)
transverse plane - Answers -
tendon - Answers - Soft tissue that connects muscle to bone. Achilles tendon at ankle.
anterior - Answers -
distal - Answers -
extension - Answers -
flexion - Answers -
