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WGU C458 HEALTH, FITNESS AND
WELLNESS EXAM |ACTUAL QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2026
Kilocalorie (or Calorie) - correct-answer - the amount of heat energy required to
raise the temperature of one kilogram of water one degree Celsius
Basal metabolism - correct-answer - the minimum amount of energy required by
the body to maintain essential body functions (e.g., to maintain a normal body
temperature, muscle tone, respiration) when at rest
Monosaccharides - correct-answer - glucose, galactose (found in human breast
milk), and fructose, all of which are found in fruits and honey
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Disaccharides - correct-answer - sucrose (a combination of glucose and fructose
found in table sugar, bananas, green peas, and sweet potatoes), lactose (a
combination of glucose and galactose found in milk and milk products), and
maltose (a combination of two glucoses used in candy flavor and brewing beer).
Polysaccharides - correct-answer - composed of many monosaccharide molecules
and are categorized as: (1) glycogen (which is synthesized in the liver and muscles
and serves as a reserve source of blood glucose), (2) cellulose (found in many
vegetables but indigestible by humans), and (3) starch (found in plant seeds,
cereal grains, and some vegetables)
Trans fatty acids - correct-answer - by-products of partial hydrogenation, a
process by which some of the missing hydrogen atoms are put back into
polyunsaturated fats during food processing
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Lactose intolerance - correct-answer - undigested lactose is not absorbed and
remains in the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in bloating, a large amount of gas,
and abdominal cramping
Dietary fiber - correct-answer - generic term for nondigestible carbohydrates
(including cellulose, lignin, and pectin) found in plants; it has important health
benefits in childhood, especially in promoting normal laxation (bowel
movements). consuming this as part of the diet may help reduce the risk of heart
disease, some cancers (such as colon cancer), obesity, hemorrhoids, and
diverticular disease
Amino acids - correct-answer - building blocks necessary for performing many
body functions
Antibodies - correct-answer - combat infection. Synthesized from proteins in
response to infectious agent. destroy or lessen the effects of the invading antigen.
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Complementary protein ingestion - correct-answer - dietary strategy that ensures
that each food supplies some amino acids that the others lack. For example, corn
is deficient in the amino acids isoleucine and lysine, so it is often eaten with beans
(which lack the tryptophan and methionine found in corn)
Sodium - correct-answer - salt. Used to preserve, flavor, and stabilize other
ingredients when food is being processed; also occurs in smaller amounts in
unprocessed food. Plays an essential role in the regulation of fluids and blood
pressure
Iron - correct-answer - priority category for nutrition monitoring. Individuals
whose diets are deficient in this will experience chronic fatigue, sensitivity to cold,
edginess, depression, sleeplessness, susceptibility to colds and infections, and
functional impairments in work performance, behavior, and intellectual
WGU C458 HEALTH, FITNESS AND
WELLNESS EXAM |ACTUAL QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2026
Kilocalorie (or Calorie) - correct-answer - the amount of heat energy required to
raise the temperature of one kilogram of water one degree Celsius
Basal metabolism - correct-answer - the minimum amount of energy required by
the body to maintain essential body functions (e.g., to maintain a normal body
temperature, muscle tone, respiration) when at rest
Monosaccharides - correct-answer - glucose, galactose (found in human breast
milk), and fructose, all of which are found in fruits and honey
,2|Page
Disaccharides - correct-answer - sucrose (a combination of glucose and fructose
found in table sugar, bananas, green peas, and sweet potatoes), lactose (a
combination of glucose and galactose found in milk and milk products), and
maltose (a combination of two glucoses used in candy flavor and brewing beer).
Polysaccharides - correct-answer - composed of many monosaccharide molecules
and are categorized as: (1) glycogen (which is synthesized in the liver and muscles
and serves as a reserve source of blood glucose), (2) cellulose (found in many
vegetables but indigestible by humans), and (3) starch (found in plant seeds,
cereal grains, and some vegetables)
Trans fatty acids - correct-answer - by-products of partial hydrogenation, a
process by which some of the missing hydrogen atoms are put back into
polyunsaturated fats during food processing
,3|Page
Lactose intolerance - correct-answer - undigested lactose is not absorbed and
remains in the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in bloating, a large amount of gas,
and abdominal cramping
Dietary fiber - correct-answer - generic term for nondigestible carbohydrates
(including cellulose, lignin, and pectin) found in plants; it has important health
benefits in childhood, especially in promoting normal laxation (bowel
movements). consuming this as part of the diet may help reduce the risk of heart
disease, some cancers (such as colon cancer), obesity, hemorrhoids, and
diverticular disease
Amino acids - correct-answer - building blocks necessary for performing many
body functions
Antibodies - correct-answer - combat infection. Synthesized from proteins in
response to infectious agent. destroy or lessen the effects of the invading antigen.
, 4|Page
Complementary protein ingestion - correct-answer - dietary strategy that ensures
that each food supplies some amino acids that the others lack. For example, corn
is deficient in the amino acids isoleucine and lysine, so it is often eaten with beans
(which lack the tryptophan and methionine found in corn)
Sodium - correct-answer - salt. Used to preserve, flavor, and stabilize other
ingredients when food is being processed; also occurs in smaller amounts in
unprocessed food. Plays an essential role in the regulation of fluids and blood
pressure
Iron - correct-answer - priority category for nutrition monitoring. Individuals
whose diets are deficient in this will experience chronic fatigue, sensitivity to cold,
edginess, depression, sleeplessness, susceptibility to colds and infections, and
functional impairments in work performance, behavior, and intellectual
