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Endocrine System MCQs for AIIMS NORCET
Part 1 (Questions 1–25) – Simple Level
Q1. Which gland is known as the "Master Gland" of the endocrine system?
A. Thyroid gland
B. Pituitary gland
C. Adrenal gland
D. Pineal gland
Correct Answer: B. Pituitary gland
Solution:
The pituitary gland controls the activity of most other endocrine glands by
secreting trophic hormones such as TSH, ACTH, FSH, and LH. Hence, it is called
the Master Gland.
NORCET Tip: The hypothalamus actually regulates the pituitary gland.
Q2. Which hormone lowers blood glucose levels?
A. Glucagon
B. Cortisol
C. Insulin
D. Epinephrine
Correct Answer: C. Insulin
Solution:
Insulin is secreted by β-cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. It facilitates glucose uptake into cells and
promotes glycogen formation, thereby reducing blood glucose.
Q3. Which cells of the pancreas secrete insulin?
A. Alpha cells
B. Beta cells
C. Delta cells
D. PP cells
Correct Answer: B. Beta cells
Solution:
• Alpha cells → Glucagon
• Beta cells → Insulin
• Delta cells → Somatostatin
• PP cells → Pancreatic polypeptide
Q4. Glucagon is secreted by:
A. Alpha cells
B. Beta cells
C. Delta cells
D. Acinar cells
Correct Answer: A. Alpha cells
Solution:
Glucagon increases blood glucose by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver.
Q5. Which hormone increases calcium absorption from the intestine?
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A. Calcitonin
B. Vitamin D (Calcitriol)
C. Aldosterone
D. Growth hormone
Correct Answer: B. Vitamin D (Calcitriol)
Solution:
Calcitriol increases intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate
and works together with parathyroid hormone to maintain calcium
balance.
Q6. Calcitonin is secreted by:
A. Chief cells of parathyroid
B. C cells of thyroid gland
C. Beta cells of pancreas
D. Adrenal cortex
Correct Answer: B. C cells of thyroid gland
Solution:
Calcitonin lowers blood calcium by inhibiting osteoclast activity and promoting calcium deposition in bones.
Q7. Which hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary?
A. Growth hormone
B. TSH
C. Oxytocin
D. ACTH
Correct Answer: C. Oxytocin
Solution:
Posterior pituitary stores and releases:
• ADH (Vasopressin)
• Oxytocin
These hormones are synthesized in the hypothalamus.
Q8. Which hormone is called the "antidiuretic hormone"?
A. Oxytocin
B. Vasopressin
C. Cortisol
D. Aldosterone
Correct Answer: B. Vasopressin
Solution:
ADH promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine output and conserving body water.
Q9. The largest endocrine gland in the body is:
A. Pituitary gland
B. Adrenal gland
C. Thyroid gland
D. Pancreas
Correct Answer: C. Thyroid gland
Solution:
The thyroid gland weighs approximately 20–25 g and is the largest purely endocrine gland.
Q10. Which hormone is responsible for body growth?
A. TSH
B. Growth hormone
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C. Prolactin
D. ACTH
Correct Answer: B. Growth hormone
Solution:
Growth hormone stimulates protein synthesis, bone growth, and cell division. It is secreted by the anterior
pituitary.
Q11. Hypersecretion of growth hormone before puberty causes:
A. Acromegaly
B. Gigantism
C. Dwarfism
D. Cretinism
Correct Answer: B. Gigantism
Solution:
Excess GH before epiphyseal closure results in excessive height (gigantism).
Q12. Hypersecretion of growth hormone after puberty causes:
A. Gigantism
B. Acromegaly
C. Dwarfism
D. Goiter
Correct Answer: B. Acromegaly
Solution:
After epiphyseal closure, excess GH causes enlargement of the hands, feet, jaw, and facial bones rather than
increased height.
Q13. Deficiency of growth hormone in childhood causes:
A. Acromegaly
B. Dwarfism
C. Addison disease
D. Hyperthyroidism
Correct Answer: B. Dwarfism
Solution:
GH deficiency during childhood leads to proportionate short stature known
as pituitary dwarfism.
Q14. Which hormone stimulates thyroid hormone secretion?
A. ACTH
B. TSH
C. FSH
D. LH
Correct Answer: B. TSH
Solution:
TSH from the anterior pituitary stimulates synthesis and release of T3 and T4 from the thyroid gland.
Q15. The main hormone responsible for increasing basal metabolic rate is:
A. Cortisol
B. Insulin
C. Thyroxine (T4)
D. Aldosterone
Correct Answer: C. Thyroxine (T4)
Solution:
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Endocrine System MCQs for AIIMS NORCET
Part 1 (Questions 1–25) – Simple Level
Q1. Which gland is known as the "Master Gland" of the endocrine system?
A. Thyroid gland
B. Pituitary gland
C. Adrenal gland
D. Pineal gland
Correct Answer: B. Pituitary gland
Solution:
The pituitary gland controls the activity of most other endocrine glands by
secreting trophic hormones such as TSH, ACTH, FSH, and LH. Hence, it is called
the Master Gland.
NORCET Tip: The hypothalamus actually regulates the pituitary gland.
Q2. Which hormone lowers blood glucose levels?
A. Glucagon
B. Cortisol
C. Insulin
D. Epinephrine
Correct Answer: C. Insulin
Solution:
Insulin is secreted by β-cells of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. It facilitates glucose uptake into cells and
promotes glycogen formation, thereby reducing blood glucose.
Q3. Which cells of the pancreas secrete insulin?
A. Alpha cells
B. Beta cells
C. Delta cells
D. PP cells
Correct Answer: B. Beta cells
Solution:
• Alpha cells → Glucagon
• Beta cells → Insulin
• Delta cells → Somatostatin
• PP cells → Pancreatic polypeptide
Q4. Glucagon is secreted by:
A. Alpha cells
B. Beta cells
C. Delta cells
D. Acinar cells
Correct Answer: A. Alpha cells
Solution:
Glucagon increases blood glucose by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver.
Q5. Which hormone increases calcium absorption from the intestine?
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A. Calcitonin
B. Vitamin D (Calcitriol)
C. Aldosterone
D. Growth hormone
Correct Answer: B. Vitamin D (Calcitriol)
Solution:
Calcitriol increases intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate
and works together with parathyroid hormone to maintain calcium
balance.
Q6. Calcitonin is secreted by:
A. Chief cells of parathyroid
B. C cells of thyroid gland
C. Beta cells of pancreas
D. Adrenal cortex
Correct Answer: B. C cells of thyroid gland
Solution:
Calcitonin lowers blood calcium by inhibiting osteoclast activity and promoting calcium deposition in bones.
Q7. Which hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary?
A. Growth hormone
B. TSH
C. Oxytocin
D. ACTH
Correct Answer: C. Oxytocin
Solution:
Posterior pituitary stores and releases:
• ADH (Vasopressin)
• Oxytocin
These hormones are synthesized in the hypothalamus.
Q8. Which hormone is called the "antidiuretic hormone"?
A. Oxytocin
B. Vasopressin
C. Cortisol
D. Aldosterone
Correct Answer: B. Vasopressin
Solution:
ADH promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine output and conserving body water.
Q9. The largest endocrine gland in the body is:
A. Pituitary gland
B. Adrenal gland
C. Thyroid gland
D. Pancreas
Correct Answer: C. Thyroid gland
Solution:
The thyroid gland weighs approximately 20–25 g and is the largest purely endocrine gland.
Q10. Which hormone is responsible for body growth?
A. TSH
B. Growth hormone
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C. Prolactin
D. ACTH
Correct Answer: B. Growth hormone
Solution:
Growth hormone stimulates protein synthesis, bone growth, and cell division. It is secreted by the anterior
pituitary.
Q11. Hypersecretion of growth hormone before puberty causes:
A. Acromegaly
B. Gigantism
C. Dwarfism
D. Cretinism
Correct Answer: B. Gigantism
Solution:
Excess GH before epiphyseal closure results in excessive height (gigantism).
Q12. Hypersecretion of growth hormone after puberty causes:
A. Gigantism
B. Acromegaly
C. Dwarfism
D. Goiter
Correct Answer: B. Acromegaly
Solution:
After epiphyseal closure, excess GH causes enlargement of the hands, feet, jaw, and facial bones rather than
increased height.
Q13. Deficiency of growth hormone in childhood causes:
A. Acromegaly
B. Dwarfism
C. Addison disease
D. Hyperthyroidism
Correct Answer: B. Dwarfism
Solution:
GH deficiency during childhood leads to proportionate short stature known
as pituitary dwarfism.
Q14. Which hormone stimulates thyroid hormone secretion?
A. ACTH
B. TSH
C. FSH
D. LH
Correct Answer: B. TSH
Solution:
TSH from the anterior pituitary stimulates synthesis and release of T3 and T4 from the thyroid gland.
Q15. The main hormone responsible for increasing basal metabolic rate is:
A. Cortisol
B. Insulin
C. Thyroxine (T4)
D. Aldosterone
Correct Answer: C. Thyroxine (T4)
Solution:
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