|ACTUAL QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS|A+ GRADED|BRAND
What are the all types of definitive airway management in the Airway (A) of ABCD?
ANSWER
1. Endotracheal Intubation (ETI)
2. Surgical Airway (Cricothyrotomy & Tracheostomy)
3. Supraglottic Airway (SGA) Devices
4. Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV)
5. Needle and Surgical Jet Ventilation
6. Retrograde Intubation
7. Video-Assisted Laryngoscopy (VL)
8. Lighted Stylet (Transillumination Intubation)
What is ETI?
ANSWER
• A tube is inserted into the trachea to provide a secure airway.
Types of ETI?
ANSWER
1. Orotracheal Intubation (most common) - Tube placed through the mouth.
2. Nasotracheal Intubation - Tube placed through the nose, used in spontaneously breathing
patients with limited mouth opening.
1
,Indications for ETI?
ANSWER
1. Inability to protect the airway (e.g., GCS ≤8, trauma, stroke).
2. Failure of oxygenation or ventilation (e.g., severe asthma, COPD, ARDS).
3. Anticipated deterioration (e.g., anaphylaxis, overdose).
What are the special variant of ETI?
ANSWER
1. Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI) - Standard for emergency settings, using sedatives + para-
lytics to facilitate intubation.
2. Awake Intubation - Used in difficult airways (e.g., severe airway swelling), using local anes-
thesia and mild sedation instead of paralysis.
3. Fiberoptic Intubation - Used in anticipated difficult airways (e.g., tumors, upper airway
trauma).
What is a surgical airway?
ANSWER
• A surgical procedure to establish an airway when intubation fails.
Indications for surgical airway?
2
,ANSWER
1. Failed intubation & inability to ventilate (e.g., "can't intubate, can't oxygenate" scenario).
2. Severe upper airway obstruction (e.g., trauma, burns, angioedema).
3. Long-term mechanical ventilation needs.
Types of surgical airway?
ANSWER
1. Cricothyrotomy - Emergency surgical airway via the cricothyroid membrane.
2. Tracheostomy - Surgical opening in the trachea, more common in ICU settings.
What is a supraglottic airway?
ANSWER
• Devices that sit above the glottis and provide temporary ventilation.
Types of SGA?
ANSWER
1. Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) - Easy to place, useful in difficult airways.
2. King LT Airway - Seals the esophagus to reduce aspiration risk.
3. i-gel Airway - Gel-based, non-inflatable alternative to the LMA.
3
, Indications for SGA?
ANSWER
1. Failed intubation or as a bridge to definitive airway.
2. Cardiac arrest scenarios where intubation is delayed.
Limitations of SGA?
ANSWER
• Does not protect against aspiration.
What is a NIPPV?
ANSWER
• Delivers pressurized air through a mask.
Types of NIPPV?
ANSWER
1. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) - Provides constant pressure.
2. Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP) - Provides different pressures for inhalation and
exhalation.
Indications of NIPPV?
4
What are the all types of definitive airway management in the Airway (A) of ABCD?
ANSWER
1. Endotracheal Intubation (ETI)
2. Surgical Airway (Cricothyrotomy & Tracheostomy)
3. Supraglottic Airway (SGA) Devices
4. Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV)
5. Needle and Surgical Jet Ventilation
6. Retrograde Intubation
7. Video-Assisted Laryngoscopy (VL)
8. Lighted Stylet (Transillumination Intubation)
What is ETI?
ANSWER
• A tube is inserted into the trachea to provide a secure airway.
Types of ETI?
ANSWER
1. Orotracheal Intubation (most common) - Tube placed through the mouth.
2. Nasotracheal Intubation - Tube placed through the nose, used in spontaneously breathing
patients with limited mouth opening.
1
,Indications for ETI?
ANSWER
1. Inability to protect the airway (e.g., GCS ≤8, trauma, stroke).
2. Failure of oxygenation or ventilation (e.g., severe asthma, COPD, ARDS).
3. Anticipated deterioration (e.g., anaphylaxis, overdose).
What are the special variant of ETI?
ANSWER
1. Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI) - Standard for emergency settings, using sedatives + para-
lytics to facilitate intubation.
2. Awake Intubation - Used in difficult airways (e.g., severe airway swelling), using local anes-
thesia and mild sedation instead of paralysis.
3. Fiberoptic Intubation - Used in anticipated difficult airways (e.g., tumors, upper airway
trauma).
What is a surgical airway?
ANSWER
• A surgical procedure to establish an airway when intubation fails.
Indications for surgical airway?
2
,ANSWER
1. Failed intubation & inability to ventilate (e.g., "can't intubate, can't oxygenate" scenario).
2. Severe upper airway obstruction (e.g., trauma, burns, angioedema).
3. Long-term mechanical ventilation needs.
Types of surgical airway?
ANSWER
1. Cricothyrotomy - Emergency surgical airway via the cricothyroid membrane.
2. Tracheostomy - Surgical opening in the trachea, more common in ICU settings.
What is a supraglottic airway?
ANSWER
• Devices that sit above the glottis and provide temporary ventilation.
Types of SGA?
ANSWER
1. Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) - Easy to place, useful in difficult airways.
2. King LT Airway - Seals the esophagus to reduce aspiration risk.
3. i-gel Airway - Gel-based, non-inflatable alternative to the LMA.
3
, Indications for SGA?
ANSWER
1. Failed intubation or as a bridge to definitive airway.
2. Cardiac arrest scenarios where intubation is delayed.
Limitations of SGA?
ANSWER
• Does not protect against aspiration.
What is a NIPPV?
ANSWER
• Delivers pressurized air through a mask.
Types of NIPPV?
ANSWER
1. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) - Provides constant pressure.
2. Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP) - Provides different pressures for inhalation and
exhalation.
Indications of NIPPV?
4
