ATI RN Pediatric Nursing Proctored Assessment
Questions and Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Plus Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf
1. A nurse is caring for an infant diagnosed with dehydration due to
acute gastroenteritis. Which assessment finding indicates
moderate dehydration?
A. Sunken fontanel, tachycardia, decreased urine output
B. Bradycardia and hypertension
C. Bounding pulses and moist mucous membranes
D. Increased urine output
Answer: A. Sunken fontanel, tachycardia, decreased urine output
Rationale: Moderate dehydration in infants commonly presents with
sunken fontanels, tachycardia, dry mucous membranes, decreased
tears, decreased urine output, and delayed capillary refill. Bradycardia
is a late sign of severe shock, while moist mucous membranes and
increased urine output indicate adequate hydration.
, 2. A nurse is preparing to administer the measles, mumps, and
rubella (MMR) vaccine to a 12-month-old child. Which statement
by the parent requires further teaching?
A. "My child may develop a mild rash after the vaccine."
B. "This vaccine contains live attenuated viruses."
C. "My child should receive this vaccine if they are taking high-dose
corticosteroids."
D. "My child may have a low-grade fever after vaccination."
Rationale: The MMR vaccine is contraindicated in children receiving
high-dose corticosteroid therapy because it is a live attenuated
vaccine. Mild rash and fever are expected side effects.
3. A nurse is assessing a toddler with suspected epiglottitis. Which
action should the nurse avoid?
A. Administer humidified oxygen.
B. Prepare emergency airway equipment.
C. Use a tongue blade to visualize the throat.
D. Keep the child calm.
,Rationale: Inspecting the throat with a tongue blade can trigger
complete airway obstruction in a child with epiglottitis. Maintaining a
calm environment and preparing for airway management are
priorities.
4. A nurse is teaching parents about iron supplementation for their
infant. Which instruction should the nurse include?
A. Give the supplement with milk.
B. Administer the supplement with a dropper toward the back of the
mouth.
C. Mix the supplement with formula in the bottle.
D. Stop supplementation if stools become dark.
Rationale: Iron supplements should be administered toward the back
of the mouth to minimize tooth staining. Milk decreases iron
absorption, and dark stools are an expected finding.
5. A nurse is caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome. Which
finding should the nurse expect?
A. Hypertension and hematuria
B. Periorbital edema and proteinuria
, C. Hyperactivity and weight loss
D. Polyuria and dehydration
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive
proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia.
Periorbital edema is often the earliest sign.
6. A nurse is assessing developmental milestones of a 6-month-old
infant. Which finding is expected?
A. Walking independently
B. Speaking two-word phrases
C. Rolling from back to abdomen
D. Riding a tricycle
Rationale: By 6 months, infants typically roll over, sit with support,
transfer objects between hands, and begin babbling.
7. A nurse is caring for a child with croup. Which assessment finding
is most characteristic?
A. Expiratory wheezing
B. Inspiratory stridor with a barking cough
Questions and Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Plus Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf
1. A nurse is caring for an infant diagnosed with dehydration due to
acute gastroenteritis. Which assessment finding indicates
moderate dehydration?
A. Sunken fontanel, tachycardia, decreased urine output
B. Bradycardia and hypertension
C. Bounding pulses and moist mucous membranes
D. Increased urine output
Answer: A. Sunken fontanel, tachycardia, decreased urine output
Rationale: Moderate dehydration in infants commonly presents with
sunken fontanels, tachycardia, dry mucous membranes, decreased
tears, decreased urine output, and delayed capillary refill. Bradycardia
is a late sign of severe shock, while moist mucous membranes and
increased urine output indicate adequate hydration.
, 2. A nurse is preparing to administer the measles, mumps, and
rubella (MMR) vaccine to a 12-month-old child. Which statement
by the parent requires further teaching?
A. "My child may develop a mild rash after the vaccine."
B. "This vaccine contains live attenuated viruses."
C. "My child should receive this vaccine if they are taking high-dose
corticosteroids."
D. "My child may have a low-grade fever after vaccination."
Rationale: The MMR vaccine is contraindicated in children receiving
high-dose corticosteroid therapy because it is a live attenuated
vaccine. Mild rash and fever are expected side effects.
3. A nurse is assessing a toddler with suspected epiglottitis. Which
action should the nurse avoid?
A. Administer humidified oxygen.
B. Prepare emergency airway equipment.
C. Use a tongue blade to visualize the throat.
D. Keep the child calm.
,Rationale: Inspecting the throat with a tongue blade can trigger
complete airway obstruction in a child with epiglottitis. Maintaining a
calm environment and preparing for airway management are
priorities.
4. A nurse is teaching parents about iron supplementation for their
infant. Which instruction should the nurse include?
A. Give the supplement with milk.
B. Administer the supplement with a dropper toward the back of the
mouth.
C. Mix the supplement with formula in the bottle.
D. Stop supplementation if stools become dark.
Rationale: Iron supplements should be administered toward the back
of the mouth to minimize tooth staining. Milk decreases iron
absorption, and dark stools are an expected finding.
5. A nurse is caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome. Which
finding should the nurse expect?
A. Hypertension and hematuria
B. Periorbital edema and proteinuria
, C. Hyperactivity and weight loss
D. Polyuria and dehydration
Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive
proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia.
Periorbital edema is often the earliest sign.
6. A nurse is assessing developmental milestones of a 6-month-old
infant. Which finding is expected?
A. Walking independently
B. Speaking two-word phrases
C. Rolling from back to abdomen
D. Riding a tricycle
Rationale: By 6 months, infants typically roll over, sit with support,
transfer objects between hands, and begin babbling.
7. A nurse is caring for a child with croup. Which assessment finding
is most characteristic?
A. Expiratory wheezing
B. Inspiratory stridor with a barking cough
