Sop Questions with CORRECT Answers (Verified Update)
Q1: Mr. and Mrs. Harmon have two children, Jim and Jane. They tell Jim that he might grow up to
be an engineer, since men are good at math, and that Jane might become a nurse, since
women are empathic and thus well-suited for the caregiving profession. The Harmons'
messages reflect what the text refers to as
Answer: gender-role stereotypes
Q2: 8-year-old Saul heard a story in which a female physician told her patient that the operation
was a success and that he would soon recover. On retelling this story to his parents, Saul is
likely to say that
Answer: the nurse told the patient that everything was going to be OK
Q3: Suppose that a 7-year-old is visiting a neighbor's house where the father, Mr. Jones, is
cooking dinner. The child incorrectly reports to his/her mother that Mr. Jones was fixing the
stove. Such distortions of recall have been found to be
Answer: common; children often recall gender-inconsistent information incorrectly
Q4: Children first begin to show some awareness of gender-role stereotypes
Answer: about the time they acquire a basic gender identity
Q5: refers to aggressive acts in which the perpetrator's primary objective is to harm or injure the
victim
Answer: Hostile aggression
Q6: According to Bandura's social-learning theory, aggressive habits may per- sist over time if
they
Answer: (ALL OF THESE) help aggressors to achieve their objectives are socially sanctioned by
aggressive peers are useful at terminating others' noxious behaviors
Q7: Compared with nonaggressive children, reactive aggressors are more likely to
Answer: believe that other people are adversaries and, thus, are quick to attribute hostile intent to
them
Q8: Recent research implies that is very important at sustaining bullying activities
Answer: the support of friends
, Q9: Jorge is sometimes physically abused by a parent and is often pushed around by his three
older siblings. Given his home environment, he is at risk of becoming
Answer: a provocative victim
Q10: Jim helps George paint his garage in order to replay George for a previous favor. Proponents
of the definition of altruism would not consider Jim's behavior to be altruistic.
Answer: motivational
Q11: Gerald Patterson's research on familial contributions to aggression reveal that contribute to
hostile interactions as family members aggres- sive patterns of behavior.
Answer: coercive home environments; negatively reinforce
Q12: both continuous and discontinuous, depending on what aspects of development one focuses
on (?)
Answer: Close inspection of established sequences of development, such as the cognitive stages
proposed by Piaget, reveals that these developments are
Q13: Recent evidence from the field of neuroscience implying that our early experiences influence
the structure and functioning of the human brain which, in turn, affects our responsiveness
to particular forms of stimulation has been taken as evidence for the proposition that
Answer: biological and environmental influences on development are interwoven in a complex
manner that is difficult to disentangle
Q14: ALL OF THESE (?) social and personality development reflects the continuing contributions of
both nature and nurture nature needs nurture to be expressed in complex behaviors and
nurture always acts on nature nature needs nurture to be expressed in complex behaviors
nurture always acts on nature
Answer: In line with the current status of the nature-nurture controversy, most contemporary
developmentalists would probably agree with the statement(s) that
Q15: Because of the heavy influence of our species-wide maturational blue- prints, infants are far
more similar behaviorally than 5-year-olds are, who are more similar than 10-year-olds. With
age then, development seems less and more .
Answer: normative; idiosyncratic
Q16: provides the philosophical underpinnings of Freud's psychoanalytic theory
Answer: the doctrine of original sin
Q1: Mr. and Mrs. Harmon have two children, Jim and Jane. They tell Jim that he might grow up to
be an engineer, since men are good at math, and that Jane might become a nurse, since
women are empathic and thus well-suited for the caregiving profession. The Harmons'
messages reflect what the text refers to as
Answer: gender-role stereotypes
Q2: 8-year-old Saul heard a story in which a female physician told her patient that the operation
was a success and that he would soon recover. On retelling this story to his parents, Saul is
likely to say that
Answer: the nurse told the patient that everything was going to be OK
Q3: Suppose that a 7-year-old is visiting a neighbor's house where the father, Mr. Jones, is
cooking dinner. The child incorrectly reports to his/her mother that Mr. Jones was fixing the
stove. Such distortions of recall have been found to be
Answer: common; children often recall gender-inconsistent information incorrectly
Q4: Children first begin to show some awareness of gender-role stereotypes
Answer: about the time they acquire a basic gender identity
Q5: refers to aggressive acts in which the perpetrator's primary objective is to harm or injure the
victim
Answer: Hostile aggression
Q6: According to Bandura's social-learning theory, aggressive habits may per- sist over time if
they
Answer: (ALL OF THESE) help aggressors to achieve their objectives are socially sanctioned by
aggressive peers are useful at terminating others' noxious behaviors
Q7: Compared with nonaggressive children, reactive aggressors are more likely to
Answer: believe that other people are adversaries and, thus, are quick to attribute hostile intent to
them
Q8: Recent research implies that is very important at sustaining bullying activities
Answer: the support of friends
, Q9: Jorge is sometimes physically abused by a parent and is often pushed around by his three
older siblings. Given his home environment, he is at risk of becoming
Answer: a provocative victim
Q10: Jim helps George paint his garage in order to replay George for a previous favor. Proponents
of the definition of altruism would not consider Jim's behavior to be altruistic.
Answer: motivational
Q11: Gerald Patterson's research on familial contributions to aggression reveal that contribute to
hostile interactions as family members aggres- sive patterns of behavior.
Answer: coercive home environments; negatively reinforce
Q12: both continuous and discontinuous, depending on what aspects of development one focuses
on (?)
Answer: Close inspection of established sequences of development, such as the cognitive stages
proposed by Piaget, reveals that these developments are
Q13: Recent evidence from the field of neuroscience implying that our early experiences influence
the structure and functioning of the human brain which, in turn, affects our responsiveness
to particular forms of stimulation has been taken as evidence for the proposition that
Answer: biological and environmental influences on development are interwoven in a complex
manner that is difficult to disentangle
Q14: ALL OF THESE (?) social and personality development reflects the continuing contributions of
both nature and nurture nature needs nurture to be expressed in complex behaviors and
nurture always acts on nature nature needs nurture to be expressed in complex behaviors
nurture always acts on nature
Answer: In line with the current status of the nature-nurture controversy, most contemporary
developmentalists would probably agree with the statement(s) that
Q15: Because of the heavy influence of our species-wide maturational blue- prints, infants are far
more similar behaviorally than 5-year-olds are, who are more similar than 10-year-olds. With
age then, development seems less and more .
Answer: normative; idiosyncratic
Q16: provides the philosophical underpinnings of Freud's psychoanalytic theory
Answer: the doctrine of original sin
