ISSA Strength & Conditioning Updated Actual
Question and Answer (2026/2027) | Final
Review
Q: Personal trainers need a general knowledge of:
A: Physiology
B: Sports nutrition
C: Pharmacology
D: Exercise physiology
E: All of the above -✓✓ All of the above
Specific Training -✓✓ The body's adaptation to the nature of the stressor
Q: Examples of plyometric exercises include:
A: Vertical jumps
B:Hops
C: Box jumps
D: Both A and C
E: All of the above -✓✓ E: All of the above
Q: Which of these is NOT a direct benefit of regular exercise?
A: Improves mental health
B: Reduces risk of premature death
C: Prevents or improves symptoms of arthritis
D: Reduces risk of premature hair loss
E: Prevents nerve deterioration with aging -✓✓ D: Reduces risk of premature hair loss
Q: Which is NOT True about developing aerobic capacity?
A: Exercise for at least 20 minutes/session
B: Train at 55% to 90% of maximum heart rate
C: Train 3 to 5 days per week
D: Train below 50% of maximum effort (the correct answer)
E: Choose a large muscle exercise, such as running or cycling, that stresses the
cardiovascular system. -✓✓ D: Train below 50% of maximum effort
Exercise Physiology -✓✓ This is the study of how living organisms function during
exercise.
Q: Which of these are examples of power exercises?
,A: Plyometric exercises
B: Olympic lifts
C: Whole-body functional training
D: All of the above
E: A and B -✓✓ D: All of the above
This is an exercise where the athlete lifts the bar from the floor to overhead in one
continuous motion. -✓✓ Snatch
Q: Exercising 3-5 days a week is recommended for developing aerobic capacity.
True
False -✓✓ True
Q: Type IIa muscle fibers are an example of slow twitch muscle fibers.
True
False -✓✓ False
Q: Body weight minus non-essential fat equals lean body mass.
True
False -✓✓ True
Q: Muscle mass begins to decline after age 30.
True
False -✓✓ True
Q: Power clean, snatch, push press, and high pulls are all examples of plyometric
exercises.
True
False -✓✓ False
Q: VO2max is the scientific symbol meaning the volume of oxygen consumed per
minute.
True
False -✓✓ True
Q: Hypertension is low blood pressure.
True
, False -✓✓ False
Q: Type 2 diabetes is more common in children than adults.
True
False -✓✓ False
Q: Power is work per unit of time.
True
False -✓✓ True
Q: Motor units are a single motor nerve together with the group of muscle fibers it
supplies.
True
False -✓✓ True
Q: How many bones are there in a human skeleton? -✓✓ 206
Q: Which of the following produces red blood cells? -✓✓ Bone Marrow
Q: This type of synovial joint is formed by the coming together of flat joint surfaces. -✓✓
Plane joint
Q: Which of the following describes a joint movement?
A: Supination
B: Flexion
C: Adduction
D: Circumduction
E: All of the above -✓✓ E: All of the above
Q: The shoulder is an example of a -✓✓ Ball and socket joint
Q: A teeter-totter is an example of a -✓✓ First class lever
Q: Synovial joint inflammation is also known as -✓✓ Synovitis
Q: The fixed point in a lever system is better known as the -✓✓ Fulcrum
Q: This is the sac-like envelope which encloses the cavity of a synovial joint. -✓✓ Joint
capsule
Question and Answer (2026/2027) | Final
Review
Q: Personal trainers need a general knowledge of:
A: Physiology
B: Sports nutrition
C: Pharmacology
D: Exercise physiology
E: All of the above -✓✓ All of the above
Specific Training -✓✓ The body's adaptation to the nature of the stressor
Q: Examples of plyometric exercises include:
A: Vertical jumps
B:Hops
C: Box jumps
D: Both A and C
E: All of the above -✓✓ E: All of the above
Q: Which of these is NOT a direct benefit of regular exercise?
A: Improves mental health
B: Reduces risk of premature death
C: Prevents or improves symptoms of arthritis
D: Reduces risk of premature hair loss
E: Prevents nerve deterioration with aging -✓✓ D: Reduces risk of premature hair loss
Q: Which is NOT True about developing aerobic capacity?
A: Exercise for at least 20 minutes/session
B: Train at 55% to 90% of maximum heart rate
C: Train 3 to 5 days per week
D: Train below 50% of maximum effort (the correct answer)
E: Choose a large muscle exercise, such as running or cycling, that stresses the
cardiovascular system. -✓✓ D: Train below 50% of maximum effort
Exercise Physiology -✓✓ This is the study of how living organisms function during
exercise.
Q: Which of these are examples of power exercises?
,A: Plyometric exercises
B: Olympic lifts
C: Whole-body functional training
D: All of the above
E: A and B -✓✓ D: All of the above
This is an exercise where the athlete lifts the bar from the floor to overhead in one
continuous motion. -✓✓ Snatch
Q: Exercising 3-5 days a week is recommended for developing aerobic capacity.
True
False -✓✓ True
Q: Type IIa muscle fibers are an example of slow twitch muscle fibers.
True
False -✓✓ False
Q: Body weight minus non-essential fat equals lean body mass.
True
False -✓✓ True
Q: Muscle mass begins to decline after age 30.
True
False -✓✓ True
Q: Power clean, snatch, push press, and high pulls are all examples of plyometric
exercises.
True
False -✓✓ False
Q: VO2max is the scientific symbol meaning the volume of oxygen consumed per
minute.
True
False -✓✓ True
Q: Hypertension is low blood pressure.
True
, False -✓✓ False
Q: Type 2 diabetes is more common in children than adults.
True
False -✓✓ False
Q: Power is work per unit of time.
True
False -✓✓ True
Q: Motor units are a single motor nerve together with the group of muscle fibers it
supplies.
True
False -✓✓ True
Q: How many bones are there in a human skeleton? -✓✓ 206
Q: Which of the following produces red blood cells? -✓✓ Bone Marrow
Q: This type of synovial joint is formed by the coming together of flat joint surfaces. -✓✓
Plane joint
Q: Which of the following describes a joint movement?
A: Supination
B: Flexion
C: Adduction
D: Circumduction
E: All of the above -✓✓ E: All of the above
Q: The shoulder is an example of a -✓✓ Ball and socket joint
Q: A teeter-totter is an example of a -✓✓ First class lever
Q: Synovial joint inflammation is also known as -✓✓ Synovitis
Q: The fixed point in a lever system is better known as the -✓✓ Fulcrum
Q: This is the sac-like envelope which encloses the cavity of a synovial joint. -✓✓ Joint
capsule
