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Coal Number System Lecture

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CSCO-4208: Computer Organization and Assembly Language (COAL) is a core computing course that bridges the gap between high-level software programming and low-level computer hardware. You will explore the inner workings of the CPU, including registers, memory hierarchy, and execution cycles, while learning how high-level code is translated into raw instructions that the processor executes directly. In the practical lab section, you will write assembly language programs (typically for the Intel x86 architecture) to directly manipulate data formats, control memory addresses, and manage input/output processing, giving you a deep understanding of code optimization and hardware-level computing structures.

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Institution
Hamdard University, Karachi
Course
Introduction to Coal (CSC04208)

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1

,HAMDARD UNIVERSITY




Muhammad Salman (Senior Lecturer)
2

,Table of Content
Concepts of Number System
• Bit, Nibble, Byte, Word, Long Word
• Conversion Method of Point Values
• Arithmetic Operations
• Unsigned and Signed Numbers
• Addition in Binary, Octal & Hexadecimal
• Weight Method
• 1’s Compliment
• 2’s Compliment

, Bit, Nibble, Byte, Word, Long Word
Bit Bit



1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0

Nibble Nibble Nibble Nibble
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Institution
Hamdard University, Karachi
Course
Introduction to Coal (CSC04208)

Document information

Uploaded on
July 22, 2026
Number of pages
51
Written in
2024/2025
Type
Class notes
Professor(s)
Sir salman
Contains
All classes

Subjects

  • computer
  • science
  • software
  • computer science
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