NSG5531 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 3 Review 2026 Chambering University
NSG5531 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 3 Review 2026 Chambering University Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) Essentials Definition and Composition The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) is primarily formed by endothelial cells in brain capillaries connected by tight junctions that restrict paracellular transport. Its main function is to maintain Central Nervous System (CNS) homeostasis. Supporting Cell Roles Astrocytes, pericytes, and microglia provide structural support and regulate the permeability and function of the BBB through signaling and maintenance. Selective Permeability The BBB allows selective passage of lipid-soluble substances while restricting many water-soluble molecules, which protects the brain from toxins and pathogens. Other components contributing to CNS barrier functions include the choroid plexus and arachnoid membrane, while the pia mater is less significant in small vessels. Effects of Aging Aging can increase BBB permeability, which may alter CNS function and influence how drugs penetrate the brain, ultimately affecting treatment outcomes.
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