NRSG 207 EXAM 1 COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED RATIONALES COVERING ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS, DIETARY
REFERENCE INTAKES (DRIS), MACRONUTRIENT RANGES, DIGESTIVE
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY (ORGANS, ENZYMES, AND HORMONES),
MECHANICAL VS. CHEMICAL DIGESTION,
CARBOHYDRATE/PROTEIN/FAT ABSORPTION PATHWAYS, DIETARY
FIBER GUIDELINES, AND CLINICAL NUTRITION APPLICATIONS
1. What is the definition of an essential nutrient?
A) Nutrients that can be synthesized by the body in large amounts
B) Nutrients that are only found in animal products
C) Nutrients that cannot be synthesized in the body and are needed
for normal healthy function
D) Nutrients that are required only during childhood development
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Essential nutrients are defined as those that cannot be
synthesized by the body and must be obtained through the diet to
maintain normal health and function.
2. What does DRI stand for in nutrition?
A) Daily Required Intake
B) Dietary Reference Intakes
C) Digestive Regulation Index
D) Dietary Recommended Intake
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: DRI stands for Dietary Reference Intakes, which are a set
, of reference values used to assess and plan nutrient intakes for
healthy individuals.
3. The EAR is defined as:
A) The maximum safe daily intake of a nutrient
B) The average daily nutrient intake level to meet the requirement of
healthy adults
C) The minimum amount of a nutrient needed to prevent deficiency
D) The recommended proportion of daily calories from fat
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: EAR stands for Estimated Average Requirement, which is
the average daily nutrient intake level estimated to meet the
requirement of half the healthy individuals in a particular life stage
and gender group.
4. Which of the following best describes the RDA?
A) The average daily amount of a nutrient needed to meet the
requirements of nearly all healthy individuals
B) The upper limit of a nutrient that can be consumed safely
C) The amount of a nutrient recommended when EAR cannot be
established
D) The percentage of daily calories that should come from protein
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: RDA stands for Recommended Dietary Allowance, which is
the average daily level of intake sufficient to meet the nutrient
requirements of nearly all (97-98%) healthy individuals.
5. When is the AI (Adequate Intake) used?
A) When the UL has been exceeded
B) When the EAR cannot be established
, C) When the RDA is too high
D) When the AMDR is not applicable
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: AI is used as a nutrient intake goal when there is
insufficient evidence to establish an Estimated Average Requirement
(EAR) and thus an RDA cannot be calculated.
6. What does UL stand for in nutrition?
A) Upper Limit
B) Ultimate Level
C) Usable Limit
D) Uniform Level
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: UL stands for Upper Limit, which is the maximum daily
intake of a nutrient that is unlikely to cause adverse health effects in
the general population.
7. The AMDR for carbohydrates is:
A) 10-35%
B) 20-35%
C) 45-65%
D) 50-70%
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)
for carbohydrates is 45-65% of total daily calories.
8. What is the AMDR for protein?
A) 10-35%
B) 20-35%
C) 45-65%
, D) 5-20%
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The AMDR for protein is 10-35% of total daily calories.
9. The AMDR for fat is:
A) 10-35%
B) 20-35%
C) 45-65%
D) 25-40%
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The AMDR for fat is 20-35% of total daily calories.
10. How is BMI calculated?
A) Weight (lbs) / Height (in) squared × 703
B) Weight (kg) / Height (m) squared
C) Height (cm) / Weight (kg) × 100
D) Weight (kg) × Height (m)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: BMI is calculated by dividing a person's weight in
kilograms by the square of their height in meters.
11. A peer-reviewed journal is characterized by:
A) Articles written by journalists without expert review
B) Published writings that have been analyzed by experts in the field
C) A magazine that publishes opinions on nutrition
D) A website that allows public comments on research
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A peer-reviewed journal contains articles that have been
critically evaluated by experts in the same field before publication to
ensure quality and validity.
VERIFIED RATIONALES COVERING ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS, DIETARY
REFERENCE INTAKES (DRIS), MACRONUTRIENT RANGES, DIGESTIVE
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY (ORGANS, ENZYMES, AND HORMONES),
MECHANICAL VS. CHEMICAL DIGESTION,
CARBOHYDRATE/PROTEIN/FAT ABSORPTION PATHWAYS, DIETARY
FIBER GUIDELINES, AND CLINICAL NUTRITION APPLICATIONS
1. What is the definition of an essential nutrient?
A) Nutrients that can be synthesized by the body in large amounts
B) Nutrients that are only found in animal products
C) Nutrients that cannot be synthesized in the body and are needed
for normal healthy function
D) Nutrients that are required only during childhood development
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Essential nutrients are defined as those that cannot be
synthesized by the body and must be obtained through the diet to
maintain normal health and function.
2. What does DRI stand for in nutrition?
A) Daily Required Intake
B) Dietary Reference Intakes
C) Digestive Regulation Index
D) Dietary Recommended Intake
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: DRI stands for Dietary Reference Intakes, which are a set
, of reference values used to assess and plan nutrient intakes for
healthy individuals.
3. The EAR is defined as:
A) The maximum safe daily intake of a nutrient
B) The average daily nutrient intake level to meet the requirement of
healthy adults
C) The minimum amount of a nutrient needed to prevent deficiency
D) The recommended proportion of daily calories from fat
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: EAR stands for Estimated Average Requirement, which is
the average daily nutrient intake level estimated to meet the
requirement of half the healthy individuals in a particular life stage
and gender group.
4. Which of the following best describes the RDA?
A) The average daily amount of a nutrient needed to meet the
requirements of nearly all healthy individuals
B) The upper limit of a nutrient that can be consumed safely
C) The amount of a nutrient recommended when EAR cannot be
established
D) The percentage of daily calories that should come from protein
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: RDA stands for Recommended Dietary Allowance, which is
the average daily level of intake sufficient to meet the nutrient
requirements of nearly all (97-98%) healthy individuals.
5. When is the AI (Adequate Intake) used?
A) When the UL has been exceeded
B) When the EAR cannot be established
, C) When the RDA is too high
D) When the AMDR is not applicable
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: AI is used as a nutrient intake goal when there is
insufficient evidence to establish an Estimated Average Requirement
(EAR) and thus an RDA cannot be calculated.
6. What does UL stand for in nutrition?
A) Upper Limit
B) Ultimate Level
C) Usable Limit
D) Uniform Level
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: UL stands for Upper Limit, which is the maximum daily
intake of a nutrient that is unlikely to cause adverse health effects in
the general population.
7. The AMDR for carbohydrates is:
A) 10-35%
B) 20-35%
C) 45-65%
D) 50-70%
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)
for carbohydrates is 45-65% of total daily calories.
8. What is the AMDR for protein?
A) 10-35%
B) 20-35%
C) 45-65%
, D) 5-20%
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The AMDR for protein is 10-35% of total daily calories.
9. The AMDR for fat is:
A) 10-35%
B) 20-35%
C) 45-65%
D) 25-40%
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The AMDR for fat is 20-35% of total daily calories.
10. How is BMI calculated?
A) Weight (lbs) / Height (in) squared × 703
B) Weight (kg) / Height (m) squared
C) Height (cm) / Weight (kg) × 100
D) Weight (kg) × Height (m)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: BMI is calculated by dividing a person's weight in
kilograms by the square of their height in meters.
11. A peer-reviewed journal is characterized by:
A) Articles written by journalists without expert review
B) Published writings that have been analyzed by experts in the field
C) A magazine that publishes opinions on nutrition
D) A website that allows public comments on research
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A peer-reviewed journal contains articles that have been
critically evaluated by experts in the same field before publication to
ensure quality and validity.
