KNH 184 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
What is the primary reason the spinal cord does not heal after injury? - Answers -
Neurons in the central nervous system do not regenerate due to a trade-off between
maintaining circuitry accuracy and the ability to regrow.
What is the mean age at which spinal cord injuries occur in the US? - Answers - 43
years old, an increase from 29 years in the 1970s.
What is the leading cause of spinal cord injuries? - Answers - Motor vehicle accidents
(38%).
What percentage of spinal cord injuries are caused by falls? - Answers - 31%.
What is the average length of hospital stay for spinal cord injury patients? - Answers -
12 days, with an additional 31 days in a rehabilitation facility, totaling 43 days.
What percentage of individuals are employed one year after a spinal cord injury? -
Answers - About 18%.
What is the lifetime cost range associated with spinal cord injuries? - Answers - $1.4
million to over $6 million.
What are the two main factors that determine the impairment resulting from a spinal
cord injury? - Answers - 1. Extent of Lesion (damage area) 2. Neurological Level of
Lesion (location of damage in the spinal cord).
What are the four categories of spinal cord injury results? - Answers - 1. Incomplete
tetraplegia (47%) 2. Incomplete paraplegia (20%) 3. Complete paraplegia (20%) 4.
Complete tetraplegia (13%).
What are the two main divisions of the nervous system? - Answers - 1. Central Nervous
System (CNS) 2. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
What are the three primary sections of the brain? - Answers - 1. Cerebrum 2.
Cerebellum 3. Brain Stem.
What are the types of neurons based on function? - Answers - 1. Sensory (afferent) 2.
Motor (efferent) 3. Interneuron.
, What is the role of the sensory cortex in the brain? - Answers - It processes sensory
information from the body.
What is the role of the motor cortex in the brain? - Answers - It is responsible for
planning and executing voluntary movements.
What does the sensory and motor homunculus represent? - Answers - Models showing
body parts' proportions based on the area of the cortex dedicated to their sensory
perception and movement.
What is the significance of the spinal cord injury statistics? - Answers - They highlight
the prevalence and impact of spinal cord injuries on society.
What is the relationship between alcohol and spinal cord injuries? - Answers - Alcohol is
a major factor in 25% of spinal cord injuries.
What is the purpose of the Brain-Spinal Cord Interface? - Answers - To advance
treatment options for spinal cord injuries.
What is the general view on the evolution of the central nervous system's wiring? -
Answers - Natural selection favored preserving existing connections over the ability to
regrow neurons.
What adjustments did Charlie Hince discuss in his 2007 speaking engagement? -
Answers - Physical and mental adjustments after a spinal cord injury.
CNS - Answers - Central Nervous System.
PNS - Answers - Peripheral Nervous System.
Neuron - Answers - Building block of nervous system.
Sensory Neuron - Answers - Afferent neuron that carries sensory information to the
central nervous system.
Motor Neuron - Answers - Efferent neuron that carries signals from the central nervous
system to muscles.
Interneuron - Answers - Neuron that connects sensory and motor neurons within the
central nervous system.
Cerebrum - Answers - Largest part of the brain, responsible for higher brain functions.
Cerebral Cortex - Answers - Outer layer of the cerebrum, involved in complex brain
functions.
ANSWERS
What is the primary reason the spinal cord does not heal after injury? - Answers -
Neurons in the central nervous system do not regenerate due to a trade-off between
maintaining circuitry accuracy and the ability to regrow.
What is the mean age at which spinal cord injuries occur in the US? - Answers - 43
years old, an increase from 29 years in the 1970s.
What is the leading cause of spinal cord injuries? - Answers - Motor vehicle accidents
(38%).
What percentage of spinal cord injuries are caused by falls? - Answers - 31%.
What is the average length of hospital stay for spinal cord injury patients? - Answers -
12 days, with an additional 31 days in a rehabilitation facility, totaling 43 days.
What percentage of individuals are employed one year after a spinal cord injury? -
Answers - About 18%.
What is the lifetime cost range associated with spinal cord injuries? - Answers - $1.4
million to over $6 million.
What are the two main factors that determine the impairment resulting from a spinal
cord injury? - Answers - 1. Extent of Lesion (damage area) 2. Neurological Level of
Lesion (location of damage in the spinal cord).
What are the four categories of spinal cord injury results? - Answers - 1. Incomplete
tetraplegia (47%) 2. Incomplete paraplegia (20%) 3. Complete paraplegia (20%) 4.
Complete tetraplegia (13%).
What are the two main divisions of the nervous system? - Answers - 1. Central Nervous
System (CNS) 2. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
What are the three primary sections of the brain? - Answers - 1. Cerebrum 2.
Cerebellum 3. Brain Stem.
What are the types of neurons based on function? - Answers - 1. Sensory (afferent) 2.
Motor (efferent) 3. Interneuron.
, What is the role of the sensory cortex in the brain? - Answers - It processes sensory
information from the body.
What is the role of the motor cortex in the brain? - Answers - It is responsible for
planning and executing voluntary movements.
What does the sensory and motor homunculus represent? - Answers - Models showing
body parts' proportions based on the area of the cortex dedicated to their sensory
perception and movement.
What is the significance of the spinal cord injury statistics? - Answers - They highlight
the prevalence and impact of spinal cord injuries on society.
What is the relationship between alcohol and spinal cord injuries? - Answers - Alcohol is
a major factor in 25% of spinal cord injuries.
What is the purpose of the Brain-Spinal Cord Interface? - Answers - To advance
treatment options for spinal cord injuries.
What is the general view on the evolution of the central nervous system's wiring? -
Answers - Natural selection favored preserving existing connections over the ability to
regrow neurons.
What adjustments did Charlie Hince discuss in his 2007 speaking engagement? -
Answers - Physical and mental adjustments after a spinal cord injury.
CNS - Answers - Central Nervous System.
PNS - Answers - Peripheral Nervous System.
Neuron - Answers - Building block of nervous system.
Sensory Neuron - Answers - Afferent neuron that carries sensory information to the
central nervous system.
Motor Neuron - Answers - Efferent neuron that carries signals from the central nervous
system to muscles.
Interneuron - Answers - Neuron that connects sensory and motor neurons within the
central nervous system.
Cerebrum - Answers - Largest part of the brain, responsible for higher brain functions.
Cerebral Cortex - Answers - Outer layer of the cerebrum, involved in complex brain
functions.
