PENN FOSTER INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY
SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY SHEET FULL
PRACTICE SET 300
◉ Which one of the following functional groups is associated with
fatty acids?
Answer: Carboxyl
◉ The hard body parts of insects and crabs are composed of a
polysaccharide called
Answer: Chitin
◉ Cell membranes are composed of mainly which type of lipids?
Answer: Phospholipids
◉ _____ proteins are made of polypeptide chains folded into rounded
compact shapes
Answer: Globular
◉ When joined by a dehydration reaction, the covalent bond
between the carboxyl groups of two
,amino acids is called a _______ bond.
Answer: Peptide
◉ The sugar in RNA is:
Answer: Ribose
◉ Within cells, the synthesis of proteins occurs in the
Answer: Ribosomes
◉ What's the main function of the mitochondria?
Answer: Producing ATP
◉ The _____ keep(s) the cytoplasm of Eukaryotic cells separate from
the DNA
Answer: Nuclear Envelope
◉ Organelles that use solar energy to make carbohydrates are called
Answer: Chloroplasts
◉ The _____ are sometimes called the "powerhouse" of the cell
Answer: Mitochondria
,◉ The cell-to-cell junctions that allow cells to communicate are
called _______ junctions
Answer: Gap
◉ In a/an _____ reaction, one reaction releases energy and the second
uses energy
Answer: Coupled
◉ Which is not a feature of enzymes?
Answer: Destroyed by metabolic reactions
◉ Entropy refers to
Answer: Relative amount of disorganization in a system
◉ Phagocytosis refers to
Answer: Endocytosis
◉ _____ is movement of H2O across semipermeable membranes from
high concentration to low concentration
Answer: Osmosis
◉ In the electron pathway for light reactions in photosynthesis, PSII
involves
, Answer: Split water
◉ In plants that absorb blue-violet-green wavelengths of light, what
color do they reflect?
Answer: Yellow-orange
◉ Example of a CAM plant
Answer: Pineapple
◉ Final step of the Calvin cycle
Answer: RuBP
◉ Atmospheric carbon dioxide enters leaves through
Answer: Stomata
◉ The largest energy yield during aerobic respiration occurs after
which stage?
Answer: Electron transport chain cycle
◉ A molecule of gluvose contains
Answer: 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms, and 6 oxygen atoms
SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY SHEET FULL
PRACTICE SET 300
◉ Which one of the following functional groups is associated with
fatty acids?
Answer: Carboxyl
◉ The hard body parts of insects and crabs are composed of a
polysaccharide called
Answer: Chitin
◉ Cell membranes are composed of mainly which type of lipids?
Answer: Phospholipids
◉ _____ proteins are made of polypeptide chains folded into rounded
compact shapes
Answer: Globular
◉ When joined by a dehydration reaction, the covalent bond
between the carboxyl groups of two
,amino acids is called a _______ bond.
Answer: Peptide
◉ The sugar in RNA is:
Answer: Ribose
◉ Within cells, the synthesis of proteins occurs in the
Answer: Ribosomes
◉ What's the main function of the mitochondria?
Answer: Producing ATP
◉ The _____ keep(s) the cytoplasm of Eukaryotic cells separate from
the DNA
Answer: Nuclear Envelope
◉ Organelles that use solar energy to make carbohydrates are called
Answer: Chloroplasts
◉ The _____ are sometimes called the "powerhouse" of the cell
Answer: Mitochondria
,◉ The cell-to-cell junctions that allow cells to communicate are
called _______ junctions
Answer: Gap
◉ In a/an _____ reaction, one reaction releases energy and the second
uses energy
Answer: Coupled
◉ Which is not a feature of enzymes?
Answer: Destroyed by metabolic reactions
◉ Entropy refers to
Answer: Relative amount of disorganization in a system
◉ Phagocytosis refers to
Answer: Endocytosis
◉ _____ is movement of H2O across semipermeable membranes from
high concentration to low concentration
Answer: Osmosis
◉ In the electron pathway for light reactions in photosynthesis, PSII
involves
, Answer: Split water
◉ In plants that absorb blue-violet-green wavelengths of light, what
color do they reflect?
Answer: Yellow-orange
◉ Example of a CAM plant
Answer: Pineapple
◉ Final step of the Calvin cycle
Answer: RuBP
◉ Atmospheric carbon dioxide enters leaves through
Answer: Stomata
◉ The largest energy yield during aerobic respiration occurs after
which stage?
Answer: Electron transport chain cycle
◉ A molecule of gluvose contains
Answer: 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms, and 6 oxygen atoms
