1|Page
ISYE 6501 Final Exam | Georgia Tech | 2026/2027
Edition | Verified Exam Questions with Answers
Autoregression - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Regression technique using
past values of time series data as predictors of future values.
Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) -
...ANSWER✓✓✓Time series model that uses differences between
observations when data is nonstationary. Also called
BoxJenkins.
Backward elimination - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Variable selection
process that starts with all variables and then iteratively
removes the least-immediately-relevant variables from the
model.
Balanced Design - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Set of combinations of factor
values across multiple factors, that has the same number of
runs for all combinations of levels of one or more factors.
,2|Page
Balking - ...ANSWER✓✓✓An entity arrives to the queue, sees the
size of the line (or some other attribute), and decides to leave the
system.
Bayes' theorem/Bayes' rule - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Fundamental rule
of conditional probability: 𝑃(𝐴|𝐵)=𝑃(𝐵|𝐴)*𝑃(𝐴) / 𝑃(𝐵)
Bayesian Information criterion (BIC) - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Model
selection technique that trades off model fit and model
complexity. When comparing models, the model with lower BIC is
preferred. Generally penalizes complexity more than AIC.
Bayesian Regression - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Regression model that
incorporates estimates of how coefficients and error are
distributed.
Bellman's Equation - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Equation used in dynamic
programming that ensures optimality of a solution.
Bernoulli Distribution - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Discrete probability
distribution where the outcome is binary, either 0 or 1. Often, 1
represents success and 0 represents failure. The probability of
the outcome being 1 is 𝑝 and the probability of outcome being 0 is
𝑞 = 1−𝑝, where 𝑝 is between 0 and 1.
,3|Page
Bias - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Systematic difference between a true
parameter of a population and its estimate.
Binary Data - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Data that can take only two
different values (true/false, 0/1, black/white, on/off, etc.) Binary
integer program - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Integer program where all
variables are binary variables.
Binary Variable - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Variable that can take just two
values: 0 and 1.
Binomial Distribution - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Discrete probability
distribution for the exact number of successes, k, out of a total of
n iid Bernoulli trials, each with probability p: Pr( )= (n over k)
p^k(1-p)^n-k
Blocking - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Factor introduced to an experimental
design that interacts with the effect of the factors to be studied.
The effect of the factors is studied within the same level (block)
of the blocking factor.
, 4|Page
box and whisker plot - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Graphical representation
data showing the middle range of data (the "box"), reasonable
ranges of variability ("whiskers"), and points (possible outliers)
outside those ranges.
Box-Cox Transformation - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Transformation of a
non-normally-distributed response to a normal distribution.
Branching - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Splitting a set of data into two or
more subsets, to each be analyzed separately.
CART - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Classification and regression trees.
Categorical Data - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Data that classifies
observations without quantitative meaning (for example, colors
of cars) or where quantitative amounts are categorized (for
example, "0-10, 11-20, ...").
Causation - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Relationship in which one thing
makes another happen (i.e., one thing causes another).
Chance Constraint - ...ANSWER✓✓✓A probability-based
constraint. For example, a standard linear constraint might be
𝐴x≤𝑏. A similar chance constraint might be Pr (𝐴x≤𝑏)≥0.95
ISYE 6501 Final Exam | Georgia Tech | 2026/2027
Edition | Verified Exam Questions with Answers
Autoregression - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Regression technique using
past values of time series data as predictors of future values.
Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) -
...ANSWER✓✓✓Time series model that uses differences between
observations when data is nonstationary. Also called
BoxJenkins.
Backward elimination - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Variable selection
process that starts with all variables and then iteratively
removes the least-immediately-relevant variables from the
model.
Balanced Design - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Set of combinations of factor
values across multiple factors, that has the same number of
runs for all combinations of levels of one or more factors.
,2|Page
Balking - ...ANSWER✓✓✓An entity arrives to the queue, sees the
size of the line (or some other attribute), and decides to leave the
system.
Bayes' theorem/Bayes' rule - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Fundamental rule
of conditional probability: 𝑃(𝐴|𝐵)=𝑃(𝐵|𝐴)*𝑃(𝐴) / 𝑃(𝐵)
Bayesian Information criterion (BIC) - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Model
selection technique that trades off model fit and model
complexity. When comparing models, the model with lower BIC is
preferred. Generally penalizes complexity more than AIC.
Bayesian Regression - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Regression model that
incorporates estimates of how coefficients and error are
distributed.
Bellman's Equation - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Equation used in dynamic
programming that ensures optimality of a solution.
Bernoulli Distribution - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Discrete probability
distribution where the outcome is binary, either 0 or 1. Often, 1
represents success and 0 represents failure. The probability of
the outcome being 1 is 𝑝 and the probability of outcome being 0 is
𝑞 = 1−𝑝, where 𝑝 is between 0 and 1.
,3|Page
Bias - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Systematic difference between a true
parameter of a population and its estimate.
Binary Data - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Data that can take only two
different values (true/false, 0/1, black/white, on/off, etc.) Binary
integer program - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Integer program where all
variables are binary variables.
Binary Variable - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Variable that can take just two
values: 0 and 1.
Binomial Distribution - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Discrete probability
distribution for the exact number of successes, k, out of a total of
n iid Bernoulli trials, each with probability p: Pr( )= (n over k)
p^k(1-p)^n-k
Blocking - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Factor introduced to an experimental
design that interacts with the effect of the factors to be studied.
The effect of the factors is studied within the same level (block)
of the blocking factor.
, 4|Page
box and whisker plot - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Graphical representation
data showing the middle range of data (the "box"), reasonable
ranges of variability ("whiskers"), and points (possible outliers)
outside those ranges.
Box-Cox Transformation - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Transformation of a
non-normally-distributed response to a normal distribution.
Branching - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Splitting a set of data into two or
more subsets, to each be analyzed separately.
CART - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Classification and regression trees.
Categorical Data - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Data that classifies
observations without quantitative meaning (for example, colors
of cars) or where quantitative amounts are categorized (for
example, "0-10, 11-20, ...").
Causation - ...ANSWER✓✓✓Relationship in which one thing
makes another happen (i.e., one thing causes another).
Chance Constraint - ...ANSWER✓✓✓A probability-based
constraint. For example, a standard linear constraint might be
𝐴x≤𝑏. A similar chance constraint might be Pr (𝐴x≤𝑏)≥0.95
