1|Page
WGU C175/D426 DATA MANAGEMENT
FOUNDATIONS OA EXAM NEWEST 2026
/ 2027ACTUAL EXAM 2 LATEST
VERSIONS QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES (100% CORRECT AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS)|ALREADY
GRADED A+
What does Modality refers to? How does it
appear on ER diagram? >>correct answer >>
Refers to the MINIMUM number of times an
instance in one entity can be associated with
instance of another entity (minima). Appears as
a 0 or 1 on the relationship line, next to
cardinality.
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Define: Referential Integrity >>correct
answer >> Requires that ALL foreign key
values must either be fully NULL or match
some primary key value.
4 Ways Referential Integrity can be violated
>>correct answer >> 1. Primary key is updated
2. Foreign key is updated 3. Row containing
primary key is DELETED 4. Row containing
foreign key is INSERTED.
Actions to Correct Referential Integrity
Violation >>correct answer >> 1. RESTRICT
- rejects an insert, update, or delete 2. SET
NULL - sets invalid foreign keys to null 3. SET
DEFAULT - sets invalid foreign keys to a
default primary value 4. CASCADE -
propagates primary key changes to foreign keys.
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What is an Important aspect of Referential
Integrity >>correct answer >> Reference to
data in one relation is based on values in another
relation.
What is Broad definition of data >>correct
answer >> Raw facts captured on printed or
digital media.
What Data >>correct answer >> Facts that are
collected and stored in a database system.
Determining characteristic of unstructured data
>>correct answer >> It does not follow a data
model.
Flat files >>correct answer >> They contain
no internal hierarchical organization.
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Data retrieval before database management
systems >>correct answer >> Sequentially
from simple files.
Primary Key >>correct answer >> An
attribute or group of attributes that uniquely
identify a tuple in a relation.
Foreign Key matching >>correct answer >>
A domain of values is necessary for a primary
key in one relation of a database to match with
its corresponding foreign key in another relation
of the same database.
Alternate Key >>correct answer >> What
uniquely identifies each entity in a collection of
entities but is not the primary key.
WGU C175/D426 DATA MANAGEMENT
FOUNDATIONS OA EXAM NEWEST 2026
/ 2027ACTUAL EXAM 2 LATEST
VERSIONS QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES (100% CORRECT AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS)|ALREADY
GRADED A+
What does Modality refers to? How does it
appear on ER diagram? >>correct answer >>
Refers to the MINIMUM number of times an
instance in one entity can be associated with
instance of another entity (minima). Appears as
a 0 or 1 on the relationship line, next to
cardinality.
,2|Page
Define: Referential Integrity >>correct
answer >> Requires that ALL foreign key
values must either be fully NULL or match
some primary key value.
4 Ways Referential Integrity can be violated
>>correct answer >> 1. Primary key is updated
2. Foreign key is updated 3. Row containing
primary key is DELETED 4. Row containing
foreign key is INSERTED.
Actions to Correct Referential Integrity
Violation >>correct answer >> 1. RESTRICT
- rejects an insert, update, or delete 2. SET
NULL - sets invalid foreign keys to null 3. SET
DEFAULT - sets invalid foreign keys to a
default primary value 4. CASCADE -
propagates primary key changes to foreign keys.
,3|Page
What is an Important aspect of Referential
Integrity >>correct answer >> Reference to
data in one relation is based on values in another
relation.
What is Broad definition of data >>correct
answer >> Raw facts captured on printed or
digital media.
What Data >>correct answer >> Facts that are
collected and stored in a database system.
Determining characteristic of unstructured data
>>correct answer >> It does not follow a data
model.
Flat files >>correct answer >> They contain
no internal hierarchical organization.
, 4|Page
Data retrieval before database management
systems >>correct answer >> Sequentially
from simple files.
Primary Key >>correct answer >> An
attribute or group of attributes that uniquely
identify a tuple in a relation.
Foreign Key matching >>correct answer >>
A domain of values is necessary for a primary
key in one relation of a database to match with
its corresponding foreign key in another relation
of the same database.
Alternate Key >>correct answer >> What
uniquely identifies each entity in a collection of
entities but is not the primary key.
