NUR 257 Exam 2 (Latest 2026/ 2027
Update) Medical-Surgical Nursing 100%
Correct [Grade A] - Galen
A nurse reviews the client's medical record and reads in the progress notes that the
client has decreased left ventricular function. What assessment will validate the
diagnosis?
orthopnea
bibasilar rales cleared with coughing
resting bradycardia
increased appetite - Correct answer orthopnea
A patient in severe pulmonary edema is being intubated by the respiratory therapist.
What priority action by the nurse will assist in the confirmation of tube placement in
the proper position in the trachea?
Observe for mist in the endotracheal tube.
Call for a chest x-ray.
Attach a pulse oximeter probe and obtain values.
Listen for breath sounds over the epigastrium. - Correct answer Call for a chest x-ray.
,A client has been having cardiac symptoms for several months and is seeing a
cardiologist for diagnostics to determine the cause. How will the client's ejection
fraction be measured?
echocardiogram
cardiac ultrasound
electrocardiogram
cardiac catheterization - Correct answer echocardiogram
What disease process(es) contributes to chronic heart failure? Select all that apply.
Pulmonary insufficiency
Valvular disease
Pancreatic disease
Renal failure
Tachyarrhythmias - Correct answer Tachyarrhythmias
Valvular disease
Renal failure
,A client is admitted to the hospital with systolic left-sided heart failure. The nurse
knows to look for which assessment finding for this client?
Jugular venous distention
Pedal edema
Pulmonary congestion
Nausea - Correct answer Pulmonary congestion
The nurse is admitting a client with frothy pink sputum. What does the nurse suspect is
the primary underlying disorder of pulmonary edema?
decreased left ventricular pumping
increased left atrial contractility
increased right atrial resistance
decreased right ventricular elasticity - Correct answer decreased left ventricular
pumping
The nurse recognizes which symptom as a classic sign of cardiogenic shock?
Increased urinary output
Hyperactive bowel sounds
, High blood pressure
Restlessness and confusion - Correct answer Restlessness and confusion
The nurse is providing care to a client with cardiogenic shock requiring a intra-aortic
balloon pump (IABP). What is the therapeutic effect of the IABP therapy?
decreased peripheral perfusion to the extremities
decreased left ventricular workload
decreased renal perfusion
decreased right ventricular workload - Correct answer decreased left ventricular
workload
The nurse is performing an initial assessment of a client diagnosed with heart failure.
The nurse also assesses the client's sensorium and LOC. Why is the assessment of the
client's sensorium and LOC important in clients with heart failure?
Clients with heart failure are susceptible to overstimulation of the sympathetic
nervous system.
The most significant adverse effect of medications used for heart failure treatment is
altered LOC.
Update) Medical-Surgical Nursing 100%
Correct [Grade A] - Galen
A nurse reviews the client's medical record and reads in the progress notes that the
client has decreased left ventricular function. What assessment will validate the
diagnosis?
orthopnea
bibasilar rales cleared with coughing
resting bradycardia
increased appetite - Correct answer orthopnea
A patient in severe pulmonary edema is being intubated by the respiratory therapist.
What priority action by the nurse will assist in the confirmation of tube placement in
the proper position in the trachea?
Observe for mist in the endotracheal tube.
Call for a chest x-ray.
Attach a pulse oximeter probe and obtain values.
Listen for breath sounds over the epigastrium. - Correct answer Call for a chest x-ray.
,A client has been having cardiac symptoms for several months and is seeing a
cardiologist for diagnostics to determine the cause. How will the client's ejection
fraction be measured?
echocardiogram
cardiac ultrasound
electrocardiogram
cardiac catheterization - Correct answer echocardiogram
What disease process(es) contributes to chronic heart failure? Select all that apply.
Pulmonary insufficiency
Valvular disease
Pancreatic disease
Renal failure
Tachyarrhythmias - Correct answer Tachyarrhythmias
Valvular disease
Renal failure
,A client is admitted to the hospital with systolic left-sided heart failure. The nurse
knows to look for which assessment finding for this client?
Jugular venous distention
Pedal edema
Pulmonary congestion
Nausea - Correct answer Pulmonary congestion
The nurse is admitting a client with frothy pink sputum. What does the nurse suspect is
the primary underlying disorder of pulmonary edema?
decreased left ventricular pumping
increased left atrial contractility
increased right atrial resistance
decreased right ventricular elasticity - Correct answer decreased left ventricular
pumping
The nurse recognizes which symptom as a classic sign of cardiogenic shock?
Increased urinary output
Hyperactive bowel sounds
, High blood pressure
Restlessness and confusion - Correct answer Restlessness and confusion
The nurse is providing care to a client with cardiogenic shock requiring a intra-aortic
balloon pump (IABP). What is the therapeutic effect of the IABP therapy?
decreased peripheral perfusion to the extremities
decreased left ventricular workload
decreased renal perfusion
decreased right ventricular workload - Correct answer decreased left ventricular
workload
The nurse is performing an initial assessment of a client diagnosed with heart failure.
The nurse also assesses the client's sensorium and LOC. Why is the assessment of the
client's sensorium and LOC important in clients with heart failure?
Clients with heart failure are susceptible to overstimulation of the sympathetic
nervous system.
The most significant adverse effect of medications used for heart failure treatment is
altered LOC.
