CARDIOPULMONARY COMPREHENSIVE EXAM SCRIPT COMPLETE QUESTIONS
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
Cardiopulmonary Final EXAM Comprehensive
Review 2026/2027 Questions and Answers Verified
Solutions Latest Update
Question:
Cilia.
Answer:
fine hairlike structures in lower respiratory tract
Question:
vibrissae.
Answer:
inside the nares-front of nose
Question:
What is the largest cartilage in the airway.
Answer:
thyroid cartilage
Question:
What cartilage in the airway is C shaped?
Answer:
hyaline cartilage
Question:
What cartilage protects the airway.
,Answer:
cricoid cartilage
Question:
What are the conchae and why are they important? How do they function?
Answer:
tiny bones that extend into nasal cavity, increasing the surface area inside the nasal cavity. Increase
the ability of nose to filter, warm and humidify air
Question:
How many cartilages are in the trachea and what is their purpose?
Answer:
16-20 C shaped hyaline cartilage rings, with the open portion of the rings facing the back of neck.
The tracheal rings are completed by a membrane that contains a smooth muscle called trachealis
which constricts the trachea allowing air to be expelled ith more force
Question:
What are the types of cells found in the alveolar epithelium.
Answer:
Type I cells, also called squamous pneumocytes, cover approximately 95% of the alveolar surface.
These cells are the primary site of gas exchange. They are unable to replicate, and when they die,
they are replaced by type II cells, which are also known as granular penumocytes. The type II cells
that take the place fo type I cells soon convert to type I cells. Type II cells comprise the remaining
5% of the alveolar surface. Then provide little structural support. They contain lamellated bodies
that transform into surfacttant.
Question:
isothermic saturation boundary.
Answer:
, point in the tracheobronchial below which inspired air becomes warmed to body temperature and
fully saturated with water vapor
Question:
Which bronchus is smaller in diameter and longer than the other? Why?
Answer:
Left bronchus. The right main stem bronchi will branch into three lobes of the right lung, whereas
the left bronchi will only divide into airways that support the two lobes of the left lung.
Question:
Clara cells (club cells).
Answer:
nonciliated nonmucous secretory cells of the broncholar epithelium. They secrete several proteins
and are believed to play a role in the regulation of pulmonary homeostasis in both acute and chronic
inflammatory conditions.
Question:
Pore of Kohn.
Answer:
openings between the alveoli that allow the communication of two adjacent alveoli
Question:
canals of lambert.
Answer:
channels that provide alternate pathways between some bronchioles and their adjacent alveoli.
These channels facilitate collateral ventilation and may help to prevent atelectasis
Question:
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
Cardiopulmonary Final EXAM Comprehensive
Review 2026/2027 Questions and Answers Verified
Solutions Latest Update
Question:
Cilia.
Answer:
fine hairlike structures in lower respiratory tract
Question:
vibrissae.
Answer:
inside the nares-front of nose
Question:
What is the largest cartilage in the airway.
Answer:
thyroid cartilage
Question:
What cartilage in the airway is C shaped?
Answer:
hyaline cartilage
Question:
What cartilage protects the airway.
,Answer:
cricoid cartilage
Question:
What are the conchae and why are they important? How do they function?
Answer:
tiny bones that extend into nasal cavity, increasing the surface area inside the nasal cavity. Increase
the ability of nose to filter, warm and humidify air
Question:
How many cartilages are in the trachea and what is their purpose?
Answer:
16-20 C shaped hyaline cartilage rings, with the open portion of the rings facing the back of neck.
The tracheal rings are completed by a membrane that contains a smooth muscle called trachealis
which constricts the trachea allowing air to be expelled ith more force
Question:
What are the types of cells found in the alveolar epithelium.
Answer:
Type I cells, also called squamous pneumocytes, cover approximately 95% of the alveolar surface.
These cells are the primary site of gas exchange. They are unable to replicate, and when they die,
they are replaced by type II cells, which are also known as granular penumocytes. The type II cells
that take the place fo type I cells soon convert to type I cells. Type II cells comprise the remaining
5% of the alveolar surface. Then provide little structural support. They contain lamellated bodies
that transform into surfacttant.
Question:
isothermic saturation boundary.
Answer:
, point in the tracheobronchial below which inspired air becomes warmed to body temperature and
fully saturated with water vapor
Question:
Which bronchus is smaller in diameter and longer than the other? Why?
Answer:
Left bronchus. The right main stem bronchi will branch into three lobes of the right lung, whereas
the left bronchi will only divide into airways that support the two lobes of the left lung.
Question:
Clara cells (club cells).
Answer:
nonciliated nonmucous secretory cells of the broncholar epithelium. They secrete several proteins
and are believed to play a role in the regulation of pulmonary homeostasis in both acute and chronic
inflammatory conditions.
Question:
Pore of Kohn.
Answer:
openings between the alveoli that allow the communication of two adjacent alveoli
Question:
canals of lambert.
Answer:
channels that provide alternate pathways between some bronchioles and their adjacent alveoli.
These channels facilitate collateral ventilation and may help to prevent atelectasis
Question:
