NSG 502 Exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Define -ectomy - CORRECT ANSWER - excision or removal of
- ex: appendectomy
Define -lysis (surgical) - CORRECT ANSWER - destruction of
- electrolysis (hair removal)
Define -orrhaphy - CORRECT ANSWER - repair or suture of
- ex: herniorrhaphy
Define -oscopy - CORRECT ANSWER - looking into
- ex: endoscopy
Define -ostomy - CORRECT ANSWER - creation of opening into
- ex: colonoscopy
Define -otomy - CORRECT ANSWER - cutting into or incision of
- ex: tracheotomy
Define -plasty - CORRECT ANSWER - repair or reconstruction of
- ex: mammoplasty
Define bypass - CORRECT ANSWER - surgery to provide a conduit past a blockage
- ex: coronary artery bypass surgery; gastric bypass surgery
Define rhino- - CORRECT ANSWER - nose
- ex: rhinoplasty (nose job)
,Define tympano- - CORRECT ANSWER - ear drum (tympanic membrane)
- ex: tympanostomy
Define thorac- - CORRECT ANSWER - chest
- ex: thoracentesis
Define pnemon- - CORRECT ANSWER - lungs
- ex: pneumonectomy
Define herni- - CORRECT ANSWER rupture/protrusion
Define col- - CORRECT ANSWER - colon
- ex: colectomy
Define ileo- - CORRECT ANSWER - ilium
- ex: ileostomy
List critical parameters within the preoperative history and physical that have the potential to delay
surgery: *infection unrelated to surgical procedure* - CORRECT ANSWER - check CBC for
elevated WBC
- An impaired immune system can lead to delayed wound healing and an increased risk for infections.
- Elective surgery may be canceled if the patient has an acute infection (e.g., sinusitis, influenza).
List critical parameters within the preoperative history and physical that have the potential to delay
surgery: *coagulapathy from drugs or diseases* - CORRECT ANSWER - check INR/PT, aPTT
- gotta be able to control the bleeding as you cut someone open
three legal requirements of informed consent - CORRECT ANSWER - *adequate disclosure*
of diagnosis, treatments, risks, probability of success, alternative treatments, alternative prognoses
- *patient understanding* before sedation
- *gives consent voluntarily*
,discuss legal implications of informed consent - CORRECT ANSWER - surgeon is ultimately
responsible
- nurse is witness to signature
- nurse is advocate for patient understanding, implications, and no coercion
- consent can be withdrawn at any time (even if signed)
- If the patient is a minor, unconscious, or mentally incompetent to sign the permit, a legally appointed
representative or responsible family member may give written permission
- A true medical emergency may override the need to obtain consent.
what is presumed consent? - CORRECT ANSWER a legislative framework in which citizens
must place their name on a national opt-out register, otherwise their consent for donating their organs
will be presumed.
are emancipated minors able to consent to their own treatment? - CORRECT ANSWER yes
Discuss the importance of surgical site and time out in the preoperative checklist. - CORRECT
ANSWER avoid a sentinel event by ensuring the following:
- correct patient
- correct surgery
- correct limb
- proper consent
Define general anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER - loss of sensation with loss of
consciousness
- usually involves use of inhalation agents
- no cough, gag, vomit, sns reflexes/responsiveness
- *requires advanced airway management*
Define regional anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER - loss of sensation to a region of body
- no loss of consciousness
- blocks a specific nerve or group of nerves with local anesthetic
, - ex: spinal, caudal, epidural anesthesia; peripheral nerve blocks
Define moderate/deep sedation - CORRECT ANSWER - sedative, anxiolytic, and/or analgesic
drugs used
- does not include inhalation agents
- patients responsive and breathe without assistance
- used for minor therapeutic procedures
Describe use of the following perioperative equipment: incentive spirometer, sequential compression
device, leg exercises, breathing techniques; adapt these interventions to meet the needs of the
pediatric population. - CORRECT ANSWER - used to prevent atelectasis and clots, etc
- pediatric adaptations will go here if i remember to come back
cardiovascular/fluid volume post-operative care and appropriate nursing interventions. - CORRECT
ANSWER - estimated blood loss
- monitor VS and trends (BP, HR, pulse pressure, rhythm)
- assess I/Os
- assess pulses (especially peripheral if undergone a peripheral surgery)
- cardiac meds may be required
- titrate fluid infusion rate
muscoloskeletal post-operative care and appropriate nursing interventions. - CORRECT ANSWER
positioning
- unconscious patient in lateral "recovery" position to minimize aspiration risk
- once conscious, place supine with head of bed elevated to maximize chest expansion
- turn q1-2
- ambulate as soon as ordered
- check for peripheral perfusion (especially if pt had extremity surgery)
neuro post-operative care and appropriate nursing interventions. - CORRECT ANSWER
hypoxia vs delirium vs sedation
assess the following:
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Define -ectomy - CORRECT ANSWER - excision or removal of
- ex: appendectomy
Define -lysis (surgical) - CORRECT ANSWER - destruction of
- electrolysis (hair removal)
Define -orrhaphy - CORRECT ANSWER - repair or suture of
- ex: herniorrhaphy
Define -oscopy - CORRECT ANSWER - looking into
- ex: endoscopy
Define -ostomy - CORRECT ANSWER - creation of opening into
- ex: colonoscopy
Define -otomy - CORRECT ANSWER - cutting into or incision of
- ex: tracheotomy
Define -plasty - CORRECT ANSWER - repair or reconstruction of
- ex: mammoplasty
Define bypass - CORRECT ANSWER - surgery to provide a conduit past a blockage
- ex: coronary artery bypass surgery; gastric bypass surgery
Define rhino- - CORRECT ANSWER - nose
- ex: rhinoplasty (nose job)
,Define tympano- - CORRECT ANSWER - ear drum (tympanic membrane)
- ex: tympanostomy
Define thorac- - CORRECT ANSWER - chest
- ex: thoracentesis
Define pnemon- - CORRECT ANSWER - lungs
- ex: pneumonectomy
Define herni- - CORRECT ANSWER rupture/protrusion
Define col- - CORRECT ANSWER - colon
- ex: colectomy
Define ileo- - CORRECT ANSWER - ilium
- ex: ileostomy
List critical parameters within the preoperative history and physical that have the potential to delay
surgery: *infection unrelated to surgical procedure* - CORRECT ANSWER - check CBC for
elevated WBC
- An impaired immune system can lead to delayed wound healing and an increased risk for infections.
- Elective surgery may be canceled if the patient has an acute infection (e.g., sinusitis, influenza).
List critical parameters within the preoperative history and physical that have the potential to delay
surgery: *coagulapathy from drugs or diseases* - CORRECT ANSWER - check INR/PT, aPTT
- gotta be able to control the bleeding as you cut someone open
three legal requirements of informed consent - CORRECT ANSWER - *adequate disclosure*
of diagnosis, treatments, risks, probability of success, alternative treatments, alternative prognoses
- *patient understanding* before sedation
- *gives consent voluntarily*
,discuss legal implications of informed consent - CORRECT ANSWER - surgeon is ultimately
responsible
- nurse is witness to signature
- nurse is advocate for patient understanding, implications, and no coercion
- consent can be withdrawn at any time (even if signed)
- If the patient is a minor, unconscious, or mentally incompetent to sign the permit, a legally appointed
representative or responsible family member may give written permission
- A true medical emergency may override the need to obtain consent.
what is presumed consent? - CORRECT ANSWER a legislative framework in which citizens
must place their name on a national opt-out register, otherwise their consent for donating their organs
will be presumed.
are emancipated minors able to consent to their own treatment? - CORRECT ANSWER yes
Discuss the importance of surgical site and time out in the preoperative checklist. - CORRECT
ANSWER avoid a sentinel event by ensuring the following:
- correct patient
- correct surgery
- correct limb
- proper consent
Define general anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER - loss of sensation with loss of
consciousness
- usually involves use of inhalation agents
- no cough, gag, vomit, sns reflexes/responsiveness
- *requires advanced airway management*
Define regional anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER - loss of sensation to a region of body
- no loss of consciousness
- blocks a specific nerve or group of nerves with local anesthetic
, - ex: spinal, caudal, epidural anesthesia; peripheral nerve blocks
Define moderate/deep sedation - CORRECT ANSWER - sedative, anxiolytic, and/or analgesic
drugs used
- does not include inhalation agents
- patients responsive and breathe without assistance
- used for minor therapeutic procedures
Describe use of the following perioperative equipment: incentive spirometer, sequential compression
device, leg exercises, breathing techniques; adapt these interventions to meet the needs of the
pediatric population. - CORRECT ANSWER - used to prevent atelectasis and clots, etc
- pediatric adaptations will go here if i remember to come back
cardiovascular/fluid volume post-operative care and appropriate nursing interventions. - CORRECT
ANSWER - estimated blood loss
- monitor VS and trends (BP, HR, pulse pressure, rhythm)
- assess I/Os
- assess pulses (especially peripheral if undergone a peripheral surgery)
- cardiac meds may be required
- titrate fluid infusion rate
muscoloskeletal post-operative care and appropriate nursing interventions. - CORRECT ANSWER
positioning
- unconscious patient in lateral "recovery" position to minimize aspiration risk
- once conscious, place supine with head of bed elevated to maximize chest expansion
- turn q1-2
- ambulate as soon as ordered
- check for peripheral perfusion (especially if pt had extremity surgery)
neuro post-operative care and appropriate nursing interventions. - CORRECT ANSWER
hypoxia vs delirium vs sedation
assess the following:
