Florida State College at Jacksonville NUR 1020C Exam 1 Study
Guide (Term 1) || All Answers are Flawless.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs correct answers The nurse's understanding of these factors helps
with formulating nursing diagnoses that address the patient's needs and values. Needs at the
lower levels of the pyramid-shaped hierarchy must be met before needs at higher levels are
addressed.
Florence Nightingale (1860) correct answers Concept of the environment emphasized prevention
and clean air, water, and housing.
- Her nursing theoretical work discussed environmental adaptation with appropriate noise levels,
hygiene, light, comfort, socialization, hope, nutrition, and conservation of patient energy.
Which two nurses emerged during the civil war? correct answers Dorthea Dix and Clara Barton.
Dorthea Dix correct answers Head of the U.S. Sanitary Commission, which was a forerunner of
the Army Nurse Corps.
Clara Barton correct answers Established the Red Cross.
Linda Richards correct answers America's first trained nurse, graduating from Boston's Women's
Hospital in 1873.
Lena Higbee correct answers Superintendent of the U.S. Navy Nurse Corps, was awarded the
Navy Cross in 1918.
Hildegard Peplau (1952) correct answers Focused on the roles played by the nurse and the
interpersonal process between a nurse and a patient.
- The interpersonal process occurs in overlapping phases: (1) orientation; (2) working,
consisting of two subphases—identification and exploitation; and (3) resolution.
,Virginia Henderson (1966) correct answers Had 14 components, based on Maslow's hierarchy of
human needs from the physiologic, psychological, sociocultural, spiritual, and developmental
domains.
- She described the nurse's role as substitutive (doing for the person), supplementary (helping
the person), or complementary (working with the person), with the ultimate goal of
independence for the patient.
Martha Rogers (1970) correct answers Stated that human beings and their environments are
interacting in continuous motion as infinite energy fields.
- The model includes four dimensions: energy fields, openness, patterns and organizations, and
dimensionality.
Sister Callista Roy's (1970) correct answers Adaptation Model is based on the human being as an
adaptive open system.
- The person adapts by meeting physiologic-physical needs, developing a positive self-concept-
group identity, performing social role functions, and balancing dependence and independence.
Dorothea Orem correct answers Three interrelated theories of self-care, self-care deficit, and
nursing systems constitute Dorothea Orem's (1971) Self-Care Deficit Theory of Nursing.
- A self-care deficit exists when patients are unable to meet their self-care needs. Nursing
systems care for patients who require assistance in one of three categories: (1) wholly
compensatory, (2) partly compensatory, or (3) supportive-educative.
- The goal of nursing care is to help patients perform self-care by increasing their independence.
Imogene King (1971) correct answers Developed a general systems framework that incorporates
three levels of systems: (1) individual or personal, (2) group or interpersonal, and (3) society or
social.
- In this theory, the nurse and the patient work together to achieve the goals in the continuous
adjustment to stressors.
, Betty Neuman (1972) correct answers Systems Model includes a holistic concept and an open-
system approach.
- The model identifies energy resources that provide for basic survival, with lines of resistance
that are activated when a stressor invades the system.
Rosemarie Rizzo Parse (1981) correct answers Formulated the Theory of Human Becoming by
combining concepts from Martha Rogers' Science of Unitary Human Beings with existential-
phenomenologic thought. - This theory looks at the person as a constantly changing being, and at
nursing as a human science.
Jean Watson (1988) correct answers Theory is based on caring, with nurses dedicated to health
and healing.
Professional Attire correct answers - Hair back
- Make-up clean, minimum
- Short nails
Nursing as a profession correct answers The protection, promotion, and optimization of health
and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and
treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities,
and populations
Altruism correct answers Motivation is public service over personal gain.
Body of Knowledge correct answers There is a well-defined, specific, and unique body of
theoretical knowledge in nursing, leading to defined skills, abilities, and norms, that is enlarged
by research.
Autonomy correct answers Nursing professionals make independent decisions within their scope
of practice and are responsible for the results and consequences of those decisions.
Guide (Term 1) || All Answers are Flawless.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs correct answers The nurse's understanding of these factors helps
with formulating nursing diagnoses that address the patient's needs and values. Needs at the
lower levels of the pyramid-shaped hierarchy must be met before needs at higher levels are
addressed.
Florence Nightingale (1860) correct answers Concept of the environment emphasized prevention
and clean air, water, and housing.
- Her nursing theoretical work discussed environmental adaptation with appropriate noise levels,
hygiene, light, comfort, socialization, hope, nutrition, and conservation of patient energy.
Which two nurses emerged during the civil war? correct answers Dorthea Dix and Clara Barton.
Dorthea Dix correct answers Head of the U.S. Sanitary Commission, which was a forerunner of
the Army Nurse Corps.
Clara Barton correct answers Established the Red Cross.
Linda Richards correct answers America's first trained nurse, graduating from Boston's Women's
Hospital in 1873.
Lena Higbee correct answers Superintendent of the U.S. Navy Nurse Corps, was awarded the
Navy Cross in 1918.
Hildegard Peplau (1952) correct answers Focused on the roles played by the nurse and the
interpersonal process between a nurse and a patient.
- The interpersonal process occurs in overlapping phases: (1) orientation; (2) working,
consisting of two subphases—identification and exploitation; and (3) resolution.
,Virginia Henderson (1966) correct answers Had 14 components, based on Maslow's hierarchy of
human needs from the physiologic, psychological, sociocultural, spiritual, and developmental
domains.
- She described the nurse's role as substitutive (doing for the person), supplementary (helping
the person), or complementary (working with the person), with the ultimate goal of
independence for the patient.
Martha Rogers (1970) correct answers Stated that human beings and their environments are
interacting in continuous motion as infinite energy fields.
- The model includes four dimensions: energy fields, openness, patterns and organizations, and
dimensionality.
Sister Callista Roy's (1970) correct answers Adaptation Model is based on the human being as an
adaptive open system.
- The person adapts by meeting physiologic-physical needs, developing a positive self-concept-
group identity, performing social role functions, and balancing dependence and independence.
Dorothea Orem correct answers Three interrelated theories of self-care, self-care deficit, and
nursing systems constitute Dorothea Orem's (1971) Self-Care Deficit Theory of Nursing.
- A self-care deficit exists when patients are unable to meet their self-care needs. Nursing
systems care for patients who require assistance in one of three categories: (1) wholly
compensatory, (2) partly compensatory, or (3) supportive-educative.
- The goal of nursing care is to help patients perform self-care by increasing their independence.
Imogene King (1971) correct answers Developed a general systems framework that incorporates
three levels of systems: (1) individual or personal, (2) group or interpersonal, and (3) society or
social.
- In this theory, the nurse and the patient work together to achieve the goals in the continuous
adjustment to stressors.
, Betty Neuman (1972) correct answers Systems Model includes a holistic concept and an open-
system approach.
- The model identifies energy resources that provide for basic survival, with lines of resistance
that are activated when a stressor invades the system.
Rosemarie Rizzo Parse (1981) correct answers Formulated the Theory of Human Becoming by
combining concepts from Martha Rogers' Science of Unitary Human Beings with existential-
phenomenologic thought. - This theory looks at the person as a constantly changing being, and at
nursing as a human science.
Jean Watson (1988) correct answers Theory is based on caring, with nurses dedicated to health
and healing.
Professional Attire correct answers - Hair back
- Make-up clean, minimum
- Short nails
Nursing as a profession correct answers The protection, promotion, and optimization of health
and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and
treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities,
and populations
Altruism correct answers Motivation is public service over personal gain.
Body of Knowledge correct answers There is a well-defined, specific, and unique body of
theoretical knowledge in nursing, leading to defined skills, abilities, and norms, that is enlarged
by research.
Autonomy correct answers Nursing professionals make independent decisions within their scope
of practice and are responsible for the results and consequences of those decisions.
