IOL 122 Exam 2 V1 | BIOL 122 Nutrition in
Health and Illness | Actual Q&A with
Rationale (BIOL122 Exam 2) | Concordia
1. A nurse is teaching a client who is in their first trimester of pregnancy. Which of the
following statements regarding weight gain is correct for a client with a pre-pregnancy BMI of
22?
A. The client should gain 15 to 25 pounds total.
B. The client should gain 25 to 35 pounds total.
C. The client should gain 28 to 40 pounds total.
D. The client should gain 11 to 20 pounds total.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation; For a client with a normal pre-pregnancy BMI (18.5–24.9), the recommended
weight gain is 25 to 35 pounds. A weight gain of 15-25 pounds is recommended for
overweight clients, while 28-40 pounds is for underweight clients. Proper weight gain is
essential to support fetal development and maternal health during gestation.
2. A nurse is educating a pregnant client about preventing neural tube defects. Which
nutrient should the nurse emphasize as the most critical for this outcome?
A. Vitamin C
B. Iron
,C. Folic Acid
D. Calcium
Correct Answer: C
Explanation; Folic acid is necessary for the proper closure of the neural tube during the
first few weeks of pregnancy. The recommended daily intake for women of childbearing
age is 400 mcg, increasing to 600 mcg during pregnancy. Deficiencies in folic acid can lead
to severe birth defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly.
3. A community health nurse is explaining the benefits of breastfeeding to a group of new
mothers. Which of the following are benefits for the infant? (Select All That Apply)
A. Reduced risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
B. Decreased incidence of ear infections (otitis media)
C. Protection against certain allergies
D. Immediate achievement of adult-like digestive flora
E. Improved cognitive development
Correct Answer: ABCE
Explanation; Breast milk contains antibodies and enzymes that protect the infant from
infections and allergies. Research indicates a strong correlation between breastfeeding and
a reduced risk of SIDS and improved cognitive outcomes. While breastfeeding helps
, establish healthy gut flora, it does not immediately result in ‘adult-like’ flora as the infant
digestive system is still maturing.
4. At what age should a nurse advise parents to begin introducing solid foods to an infant?
A. 2 to 3 months
B. 12 months
C. 8 to 10 months
D. 4 to 6 months
Correct Answer: D
Explanation; Solid foods should be introduced between 4 and 6 months of age when the
infant shows signs of readiness, such as sitting up with support and loss of the extrusion
reflex. Introducing solids too early can lead to excessive calorie intake or allergies. Iron-
fortified infant cereal is typically the first solid food recommended due to declining fetal
iron stores.
5. An older adult client reports a loss of appetite and difficulty swallowing. Which condition
should the nurse document in the medical record?
A. Dysphagia
B. Aphasia
C. Dyspepsia
D. Anorexia
Health and Illness | Actual Q&A with
Rationale (BIOL122 Exam 2) | Concordia
1. A nurse is teaching a client who is in their first trimester of pregnancy. Which of the
following statements regarding weight gain is correct for a client with a pre-pregnancy BMI of
22?
A. The client should gain 15 to 25 pounds total.
B. The client should gain 25 to 35 pounds total.
C. The client should gain 28 to 40 pounds total.
D. The client should gain 11 to 20 pounds total.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation; For a client with a normal pre-pregnancy BMI (18.5–24.9), the recommended
weight gain is 25 to 35 pounds. A weight gain of 15-25 pounds is recommended for
overweight clients, while 28-40 pounds is for underweight clients. Proper weight gain is
essential to support fetal development and maternal health during gestation.
2. A nurse is educating a pregnant client about preventing neural tube defects. Which
nutrient should the nurse emphasize as the most critical for this outcome?
A. Vitamin C
B. Iron
,C. Folic Acid
D. Calcium
Correct Answer: C
Explanation; Folic acid is necessary for the proper closure of the neural tube during the
first few weeks of pregnancy. The recommended daily intake for women of childbearing
age is 400 mcg, increasing to 600 mcg during pregnancy. Deficiencies in folic acid can lead
to severe birth defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly.
3. A community health nurse is explaining the benefits of breastfeeding to a group of new
mothers. Which of the following are benefits for the infant? (Select All That Apply)
A. Reduced risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
B. Decreased incidence of ear infections (otitis media)
C. Protection against certain allergies
D. Immediate achievement of adult-like digestive flora
E. Improved cognitive development
Correct Answer: ABCE
Explanation; Breast milk contains antibodies and enzymes that protect the infant from
infections and allergies. Research indicates a strong correlation between breastfeeding and
a reduced risk of SIDS and improved cognitive outcomes. While breastfeeding helps
, establish healthy gut flora, it does not immediately result in ‘adult-like’ flora as the infant
digestive system is still maturing.
4. At what age should a nurse advise parents to begin introducing solid foods to an infant?
A. 2 to 3 months
B. 12 months
C. 8 to 10 months
D. 4 to 6 months
Correct Answer: D
Explanation; Solid foods should be introduced between 4 and 6 months of age when the
infant shows signs of readiness, such as sitting up with support and loss of the extrusion
reflex. Introducing solids too early can lead to excessive calorie intake or allergies. Iron-
fortified infant cereal is typically the first solid food recommended due to declining fetal
iron stores.
5. An older adult client reports a loss of appetite and difficulty swallowing. Which condition
should the nurse document in the medical record?
A. Dysphagia
B. Aphasia
C. Dyspepsia
D. Anorexia
