,BSN 206 Hallmark Practice Quiz 1 –
Foundations of Nursing Fundamentals | 200
Questions with Verified Answers & Detailed
Rationales | Nightingale College 2025/2026
Edition
Section Topic Area Questions
I Vital Signs & Assessment 1–35
II Patient Safety & Infection Control 36–60
III Urinary Elimination & Catheterization 61–85
IV Wound Care & Pressure Injuries 86–110
V Delegation & Scope of Practice 111–130
VI Nursing Process & Clinical Reasoning 131–155
VII Medication Administration & Pharmacology 156–175
VIII Legal, Ethical & Professional Issues 176–190
IX Comprehensive Mixed Practice 191–200
,SECTION I: VITAL SIGNS & ASSESSMENT (Questions 1–35)
Question 1
Which of the following patients would require follow-up based on their
respiratory rate?
A. A child with a respiratory rate of 20 breaths per minute
B. An adolescent with a respiratory rate of 16 breaths per minute
C. A newborn with a respiratory rate of 40 breaths per minute
D. An adult with a respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The normal respiratory rate for an adult is 12–20 breaths per minute. A
rate of 10 breaths per minute is below normal (bradypnea) and requires follow-
up. A newborn rate of 40 breaths per minute (C) is within normal range (30–60
breaths/min).
Question 2
Which of the following vital signs recorded for an older adult would be considered
acceptable (within normal limits)?
A. Temp 96.8°F, P-60, R-18, BP 160/90, O2 sat 93%
B. Temp 97.0°F, P-60, R-16, BP 116/78, O2 sat 95%
C. Temp 98.6°F, P-56, R-20, BP 120/80, O2 sat 91%
D. Temp 98.0°F, P-76, R-22, BP 110/70, O2 sat 88%
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Normal vital signs for an older adult include temperature 97.0–98.6°F,
pulse 60–100 bpm, respirations 12–20/min, BP <120/80, and O2 sat ≥95%. Option
B is the only one with all values within normal limits.
, Question 3
The nurse has delegated the task of temperature assessment to the NAP. Which
information should be provided to the NAP? (Select all that apply.)
A. The type of temperature required
B. The patient's age
C. The frequency for taking or monitoring the temperature
D. The patient's diagnosis
E. What changes to report immediately to the nurse
Correct Answers: A, C, E
Rationale: When delegating temperature assessment, the nurse must provide the
NAP with the type of temperature (oral, axillary, tympanic, rectal), frequency of
measurement, and what changes to report immediately. The patient's age and
diagnosis are not necessary for the NAP to perform the delegated task.
Question 4
Which of the following situations may affect a patient's vital signs? (Select all that
apply.)
A. Moving from lying to standing position
B. Time of day
C. Occupation
D. Isolation precautions
E. Pain rated as a 7 on a 0–10 pain scale
Correct Answers: A, B, E
Rationale: Vital signs can be affected by position changes (orthostatic changes),
time of day (circadian rhythms), and pain. Occupation and isolation precautions
do not directly affect vital signs.
Question 5
The nurse will take the patient's vital signs preoperatively and record them as part
of the patient's preparation for surgery. Why is it necessary to take vital signs
Foundations of Nursing Fundamentals | 200
Questions with Verified Answers & Detailed
Rationales | Nightingale College 2025/2026
Edition
Section Topic Area Questions
I Vital Signs & Assessment 1–35
II Patient Safety & Infection Control 36–60
III Urinary Elimination & Catheterization 61–85
IV Wound Care & Pressure Injuries 86–110
V Delegation & Scope of Practice 111–130
VI Nursing Process & Clinical Reasoning 131–155
VII Medication Administration & Pharmacology 156–175
VIII Legal, Ethical & Professional Issues 176–190
IX Comprehensive Mixed Practice 191–200
,SECTION I: VITAL SIGNS & ASSESSMENT (Questions 1–35)
Question 1
Which of the following patients would require follow-up based on their
respiratory rate?
A. A child with a respiratory rate of 20 breaths per minute
B. An adolescent with a respiratory rate of 16 breaths per minute
C. A newborn with a respiratory rate of 40 breaths per minute
D. An adult with a respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The normal respiratory rate for an adult is 12–20 breaths per minute. A
rate of 10 breaths per minute is below normal (bradypnea) and requires follow-
up. A newborn rate of 40 breaths per minute (C) is within normal range (30–60
breaths/min).
Question 2
Which of the following vital signs recorded for an older adult would be considered
acceptable (within normal limits)?
A. Temp 96.8°F, P-60, R-18, BP 160/90, O2 sat 93%
B. Temp 97.0°F, P-60, R-16, BP 116/78, O2 sat 95%
C. Temp 98.6°F, P-56, R-20, BP 120/80, O2 sat 91%
D. Temp 98.0°F, P-76, R-22, BP 110/70, O2 sat 88%
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Normal vital signs for an older adult include temperature 97.0–98.6°F,
pulse 60–100 bpm, respirations 12–20/min, BP <120/80, and O2 sat ≥95%. Option
B is the only one with all values within normal limits.
, Question 3
The nurse has delegated the task of temperature assessment to the NAP. Which
information should be provided to the NAP? (Select all that apply.)
A. The type of temperature required
B. The patient's age
C. The frequency for taking or monitoring the temperature
D. The patient's diagnosis
E. What changes to report immediately to the nurse
Correct Answers: A, C, E
Rationale: When delegating temperature assessment, the nurse must provide the
NAP with the type of temperature (oral, axillary, tympanic, rectal), frequency of
measurement, and what changes to report immediately. The patient's age and
diagnosis are not necessary for the NAP to perform the delegated task.
Question 4
Which of the following situations may affect a patient's vital signs? (Select all that
apply.)
A. Moving from lying to standing position
B. Time of day
C. Occupation
D. Isolation precautions
E. Pain rated as a 7 on a 0–10 pain scale
Correct Answers: A, B, E
Rationale: Vital signs can be affected by position changes (orthostatic changes),
time of day (circadian rhythms), and pain. Occupation and isolation precautions
do not directly affect vital signs.
Question 5
The nurse will take the patient's vital signs preoperatively and record them as part
of the patient's preparation for surgery. Why is it necessary to take vital signs
