BMS 300 Exam 3 [2026/2027] | UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Question and Answer | 100%
Verified Answers
• arteries -✓✓ lead away from the heart (ox)
• veins -✓✓ carry blood to the heart (deox); return vessels
• capillaries -✓✓ where oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and metabolites are
exchanged; cap bed=exchange tubes
• fish cardiovascular system: atrium -✓✓ recieves blood from the systematic
vasculature; sends deox blood to the gills
• fish cardiovascular system: ventrical -✓✓ pumps blood to the gill and the system
vascular
• fish cardiovascular system: gill structure -✓✓ erythrocyte; endothelia cell; blood
vessel
• fish cardiovascular system: gill capillaries -✓✓ drawn together to form vesicles
that deliver oxygen rich blood to the tissues
• order of the mammalian heart -✓✓ oxygen poor blood get pumped through
inferior and superior vena cava, then into RA, through tricuspid valve or R.
atrioventricular valve into the RV and out through the pulmonary valve into the
pulmonary artery to lungs, from lungs oxygen rich blood enters the heart through
the pulmonary vein into the LA; then goes through bicuspid valve or L.
,atrioventricular valve into the LV and out of the heart through the aorta valve into
the aorta to carry oxygen rich blood to tissues
• what kind of system is the mammalian heart? -✓✓ closed
• endothelia cells -✓✓ cells of the pulmonary capillaries; continuous layer within
• pericardium -✓✓ coninuous outer layer of mesothelial cells; attached to body
wall; attached to basil lamina
• contraction left side -✓✓ contraction of the atremyocardium; contraction of the
ventricular myocardium; cant change volume of heart, pressure increases, force
generated on the blood in the ventricle; as ventricle contracts, AV valve shuts and
aorta valve open; muscle more thick than right side; low pressure return from lungs
• diastole -✓✓ period of ventricular filling (atrial contraction, isovolumetric
ventricular relaxation)
• isometric relaxation -✓✓ short 30-60 seconds; sarcomeres smaller
• cardia output -✓✓ 4.3 L/min
• ejection phase -✓✓ blood leaves the ventricle across the aortic valve
• afterload -✓✓ pressure on the ventricular myocardium after a contraction begins
For the left ventricle, pressure in the aorta during ventricular ejection determines
the afterload.
, Afterload ^ mean arterial pressure )
• cardiac cycle -✓✓ diastole;
artial myocardium contraction;
ventricular myocardium contraction;
period of isometric contraction; afterload;
ejection;
isovolumetric relaxation
• blood supply to the myocardium -✓✓ through the coronary arteries-> arterioles->
capillaries (exchange bed) -> coronary sinus -> right atrium; require a capillary bed
to deliver oxygen and nutrients; blood flow to the myocardial capillary beds occurs
during distaole
• structure of cardiomyocyte -✓✓ uninuclear and branched
• cardiomyocyte: desmosomes -✓✓ desmosomes (mechanically linked);
gap junction ( link by electrical synapse);
cytoplasmic (protein plaque);
cadherons
• cardiomyocyte: Dihydropurine receptor -✓✓ v-g calcium channel; sense positive
charge and the gate opens; allows calcium in ( calcium induced, causes the RYR to
open.. Calcium released)
• cardiomyocytes: conductile -✓✓ deliver action potentials to the contractile
cardiomyocytes
ACTUAL Exam Question and Answer | 100%
Verified Answers
• arteries -✓✓ lead away from the heart (ox)
• veins -✓✓ carry blood to the heart (deox); return vessels
• capillaries -✓✓ where oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and metabolites are
exchanged; cap bed=exchange tubes
• fish cardiovascular system: atrium -✓✓ recieves blood from the systematic
vasculature; sends deox blood to the gills
• fish cardiovascular system: ventrical -✓✓ pumps blood to the gill and the system
vascular
• fish cardiovascular system: gill structure -✓✓ erythrocyte; endothelia cell; blood
vessel
• fish cardiovascular system: gill capillaries -✓✓ drawn together to form vesicles
that deliver oxygen rich blood to the tissues
• order of the mammalian heart -✓✓ oxygen poor blood get pumped through
inferior and superior vena cava, then into RA, through tricuspid valve or R.
atrioventricular valve into the RV and out through the pulmonary valve into the
pulmonary artery to lungs, from lungs oxygen rich blood enters the heart through
the pulmonary vein into the LA; then goes through bicuspid valve or L.
,atrioventricular valve into the LV and out of the heart through the aorta valve into
the aorta to carry oxygen rich blood to tissues
• what kind of system is the mammalian heart? -✓✓ closed
• endothelia cells -✓✓ cells of the pulmonary capillaries; continuous layer within
• pericardium -✓✓ coninuous outer layer of mesothelial cells; attached to body
wall; attached to basil lamina
• contraction left side -✓✓ contraction of the atremyocardium; contraction of the
ventricular myocardium; cant change volume of heart, pressure increases, force
generated on the blood in the ventricle; as ventricle contracts, AV valve shuts and
aorta valve open; muscle more thick than right side; low pressure return from lungs
• diastole -✓✓ period of ventricular filling (atrial contraction, isovolumetric
ventricular relaxation)
• isometric relaxation -✓✓ short 30-60 seconds; sarcomeres smaller
• cardia output -✓✓ 4.3 L/min
• ejection phase -✓✓ blood leaves the ventricle across the aortic valve
• afterload -✓✓ pressure on the ventricular myocardium after a contraction begins
For the left ventricle, pressure in the aorta during ventricular ejection determines
the afterload.
, Afterload ^ mean arterial pressure )
• cardiac cycle -✓✓ diastole;
artial myocardium contraction;
ventricular myocardium contraction;
period of isometric contraction; afterload;
ejection;
isovolumetric relaxation
• blood supply to the myocardium -✓✓ through the coronary arteries-> arterioles->
capillaries (exchange bed) -> coronary sinus -> right atrium; require a capillary bed
to deliver oxygen and nutrients; blood flow to the myocardial capillary beds occurs
during distaole
• structure of cardiomyocyte -✓✓ uninuclear and branched
• cardiomyocyte: desmosomes -✓✓ desmosomes (mechanically linked);
gap junction ( link by electrical synapse);
cytoplasmic (protein plaque);
cadherons
• cardiomyocyte: Dihydropurine receptor -✓✓ v-g calcium channel; sense positive
charge and the gate opens; allows calcium in ( calcium induced, causes the RYR to
open.. Calcium released)
• cardiomyocytes: conductile -✓✓ deliver action potentials to the contractile
cardiomyocytes
