BIOD 151 MODULE 3 EXAM PREP 2026 TESTED
QUESTIONS WITH RATIONALE
◉ Describe the shape of the stomach and its location relative to the
abdomen and diaphragm. Answer: The stomach is a backward C-
shaped organ that is located along the left side of the abdomen
below the diaphragm.
◉ Describe the passage of food into and out of the stomach. Answer:
Food enters the stomach from the esophagus via the
cardioesophageal sphincter and exits the stomach via the pyloric
sphincter into the small intestine.
◉ Describe the lesser curvature and the greater curvature. Answer:
The stomach has two curvatures: the concave lesser curvature,
which extends inward on the shorter side of the stomach and the
convex greater curvature, which extends outward on the longer side
of the stomach.
◉ List and describe the two functions of the stomach. Answer: The
stomach has two purposes. It is a temporary storage area for food,
storing up to two liters of partially digested food. The stomach also
allows for mechanical breakdown of food. The muscular walls of the
stomach contract vigorously and mix food with juices that are
, secreted whenever food enters the stomach, allowing food to be
broken down into smaller pieces that are easier to digest.
◉ Describe the lesser omentum and the greater omentum. Answer:
The lesser omentum is a serous membrane, which attaches the
lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver. The greater omentum is
a serous membrane, which attaches the greater curvature of the
stomach to the posterior wall of the body.
◉ The pH of stomach is 1.3 - 3.5. What is this due to and what is its
source and function? Answer: The 1.3-3.5 pH of stomach contents is
due to hydrochloric acid secreted by the parietal cells. The high
acidity level kills bacteria and converts the inactive pepsinogen into
the active enzyme pepsin. The low acidity level stops the production
of salivary amylase.
◉ What is the source of the stomach enzyme pepsin and what is its
function? Answer: Inactive pepsinogen is secreted by the chief cells
of the stomach and converted into the active enzyme pepsin by
hydrochloric acid. Pepsin then begins the breakdown of proteins.
◉ What is a stomach ulcer? Answer: A stomach ulcer is an open sore
in the wall of the stomach.
◉ Explain in detail how the stomach contents enter the small
intestine. Answer: The pyloric sphincter valve, located at the base of
QUESTIONS WITH RATIONALE
◉ Describe the shape of the stomach and its location relative to the
abdomen and diaphragm. Answer: The stomach is a backward C-
shaped organ that is located along the left side of the abdomen
below the diaphragm.
◉ Describe the passage of food into and out of the stomach. Answer:
Food enters the stomach from the esophagus via the
cardioesophageal sphincter and exits the stomach via the pyloric
sphincter into the small intestine.
◉ Describe the lesser curvature and the greater curvature. Answer:
The stomach has two curvatures: the concave lesser curvature,
which extends inward on the shorter side of the stomach and the
convex greater curvature, which extends outward on the longer side
of the stomach.
◉ List and describe the two functions of the stomach. Answer: The
stomach has two purposes. It is a temporary storage area for food,
storing up to two liters of partially digested food. The stomach also
allows for mechanical breakdown of food. The muscular walls of the
stomach contract vigorously and mix food with juices that are
, secreted whenever food enters the stomach, allowing food to be
broken down into smaller pieces that are easier to digest.
◉ Describe the lesser omentum and the greater omentum. Answer:
The lesser omentum is a serous membrane, which attaches the
lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver. The greater omentum is
a serous membrane, which attaches the greater curvature of the
stomach to the posterior wall of the body.
◉ The pH of stomach is 1.3 - 3.5. What is this due to and what is its
source and function? Answer: The 1.3-3.5 pH of stomach contents is
due to hydrochloric acid secreted by the parietal cells. The high
acidity level kills bacteria and converts the inactive pepsinogen into
the active enzyme pepsin. The low acidity level stops the production
of salivary amylase.
◉ What is the source of the stomach enzyme pepsin and what is its
function? Answer: Inactive pepsinogen is secreted by the chief cells
of the stomach and converted into the active enzyme pepsin by
hydrochloric acid. Pepsin then begins the breakdown of proteins.
◉ What is a stomach ulcer? Answer: A stomach ulcer is an open sore
in the wall of the stomach.
◉ Explain in detail how the stomach contents enter the small
intestine. Answer: The pyloric sphincter valve, located at the base of
