BIOS251 EXAM 2026 FULL QUESTIONS
WITH SOLUTIONS
◉The resting phase of mitosis. Cell grows, performs its normal
functions, and prepares for division; consists of G1, S, and G2 phases
. Answer: Interphase
◉Cells that have left the cycle and cease dividing for a long time (or
permanently) . Answer: G Zero (G0) Phase
◉The first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the
portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins. . Answer: G1
Phase
◉The synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase
during which DNA is replicated. . Answer: S Phase
◉The second gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the
portion of interphase after DNA synthesis occurs.
Growth and preparation for mitosis . Answer: G2 Phase
,◉First and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes
become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on
the opposite sides of the nucleus . Answer: Prophase
◉Second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up
across the center of the cell . Answer: Metaphase
◉The third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs
separate and move toward opposite poles . Answer: Anaphase
◉The final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase,
in which the chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of
the cell and two nuclei are formed. . Answer: Telophase
◉Division of the cytoplasm during cell division . Answer:
Cytokinesis
◉Cell division that produces reproductive cells (gametes) in sexually
reproducing organisms . Answer: Meiosis
◉Compare and Contrast Mitosis and Meiosis . Answer: Mitosis
produces two diploid (2n) somatic cells that are genetically identical
to each other and the original parent cell, whereas meiosis produces
four haploid (n) gametes that are genetically unique from each other
and the original parent (germ) cell.
, ◉Number of Chromosomes in Humans... . Answer: 46
◉Haploid Number of Chromosomes In Humans . Answer: 23
◉Control center of the cell; a part of the cell containing DNA and
RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction . Answer: Nucleus
◉Processes and transports proteins made at attached ribosomes;
synthesizes phospholipids . Answer: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
(RER)
◉Fatty acid and steroid synthesis; detoxifies toxic substances .
Answer: Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
◉A cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be
transported out of the cell . Answer: Golgi Complex
◉Cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain
materials in the cell . Answer: Lysosomes
◉Produce hydrogen peroxide, detoxifies harmful substances,
oxidizes fatty acids, and protects cell from free radicals . Answer:
Peroxisomes
WITH SOLUTIONS
◉The resting phase of mitosis. Cell grows, performs its normal
functions, and prepares for division; consists of G1, S, and G2 phases
. Answer: Interphase
◉Cells that have left the cycle and cease dividing for a long time (or
permanently) . Answer: G Zero (G0) Phase
◉The first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the
portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins. . Answer: G1
Phase
◉The synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase
during which DNA is replicated. . Answer: S Phase
◉The second gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the
portion of interphase after DNA synthesis occurs.
Growth and preparation for mitosis . Answer: G2 Phase
,◉First and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes
become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on
the opposite sides of the nucleus . Answer: Prophase
◉Second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up
across the center of the cell . Answer: Metaphase
◉The third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs
separate and move toward opposite poles . Answer: Anaphase
◉The final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase,
in which the chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of
the cell and two nuclei are formed. . Answer: Telophase
◉Division of the cytoplasm during cell division . Answer:
Cytokinesis
◉Cell division that produces reproductive cells (gametes) in sexually
reproducing organisms . Answer: Meiosis
◉Compare and Contrast Mitosis and Meiosis . Answer: Mitosis
produces two diploid (2n) somatic cells that are genetically identical
to each other and the original parent cell, whereas meiosis produces
four haploid (n) gametes that are genetically unique from each other
and the original parent (germ) cell.
, ◉Number of Chromosomes in Humans... . Answer: 46
◉Haploid Number of Chromosomes In Humans . Answer: 23
◉Control center of the cell; a part of the cell containing DNA and
RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction . Answer: Nucleus
◉Processes and transports proteins made at attached ribosomes;
synthesizes phospholipids . Answer: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
(RER)
◉Fatty acid and steroid synthesis; detoxifies toxic substances .
Answer: Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
◉A cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be
transported out of the cell . Answer: Golgi Complex
◉Cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain
materials in the cell . Answer: Lysosomes
◉Produce hydrogen peroxide, detoxifies harmful substances,
oxidizes fatty acids, and protects cell from free radicals . Answer:
Peroxisomes
