NURS 405: QUIZ 2 |COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE WITH
100% ACCURATE QUESTIONS &ANSWERS.
EXCELLENCE GUARANTEED.
Dexamethasone is often prescribed for the child who has sustained a severe head
injury. Dexamethasone is a(n):
A .diuretic.
B. antihistamine.
C. anticonvulsant.
D. steroid. Answer: D. steroid
Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) may be caused by several factors: head
trauma, birth trauma, hydrocephalus, infection, and/or tumors. Whatever the reason,
the brain swells and becomes inflamed. Dexamethasone is a steroid. A steroid may
be prescribed to reduce inflammation and pressure on vital centers of the brain. The
diuretic mannitol may be used to decrease edema. An anticonvulsant is used with
increased ICP to prevent seizures. An antihistamine would not be warranted for the
treatment of a head injury.
The nurse is reinforcing teaching with the caregivers of a child being discharged
from the urgent care setting following a mild head injury that occurred in a roller
skating accident. What should the caregivers be instructed to do? Select all that
apply.
A. Wake the child every 1 to 2 hours to check level of consciousness.
B. Observe and report any vomiting that occurs within 6 hours.
C. Observe for and report to provider any double or blurred vision.
D. Check the pupil reaction to light every 15 minutes for 12 hours.
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,E. Administer acetaminophen for headache. Answer: A. Wake the child every 1 to
2 hours to check level of consciousness.
B. Observe and report any vomiting that occurs within 6 hours.
C. Observe for and report to provider any double or blurred vision.
A child with a concussion should be observed for at least 24 hours and the caregiver
should be prepared to bring the child to the hospital if symptoms worsen. The child
should be awakened every 2 hours to assess that the child wakes easily and has not
developed neurological symptoms. The child should be brought back to the hospital
if the child vomits within 6 hours of the injury or more than two times. Other signs
for parents to watch for are increased sleepiness, a worsening headache, confusion,
or poor balance or walking. No analgesics or sedatives should be administered
during this period of observation. In the home the parents would not be checking
pupil reaction.
The nurse cares for a 7-year-old child with new-onset seizure disorder. Which
prescription will the nurse anticipate for this client?
A. frequent temperature assessment
B. use of anticonvulsant medications
C. ketogenic diet
D. vagus nerve stimulation Answer: B. use of anticonvulsant medications
Complete control of seizures can be achieved for most people through the use of
anticonvulsant drug therapy. These medications are typically used first as treatment
for seizure disorders. Frequent temperature assessment would only be useful in
febrile seizures. Ketogenic diets (high in fat, low in carbohydrates, and adequate in
protein) cause the child to have high levels of ketones, which help to reduce seizure
activity. Diet is generally used when medications cannot control a child's seizure
activity. Stimulating the left vagus nerve intermittently with electrical pulses may
2
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,reduce seizure frequency. This requires surgically implanting a stimulator under the
skin and is approved for children 12 and older.
The nurse is collecting data from a child who may have a seizure disorder. Which
nursing observations suggest an absence seizure?
A. Sudden, momentary loss of muscle tone, with a brief loss of consciousness
B. Muscle tone maintained and child frozen in position
C. Brief, sudden contracture of a muscle or muscle group
D. Minimal or no alteration in muscle tone, with a brief loss of responsiveness or
attention Answer: D. Minimal or no alteration in muscle tone, with a brief loss of
responsiveness or attention
Absence seizures are characterized by a brief loss of responsiveness with minimal
or no alteration in muscle tone. They may go unrecognized because the child's
behavior changes very little. A sudden loss of muscle tone describes atonic seizures.
A frozen position describes the appearance of someone having akinetic seizures. A
brief, sudden contraction of muscles describes a myoclonic seizure.
Which of these age groups has the highest actual rate of death from drowning?
A. infants
B. toddlers
C. preschool children
D. school-aged children Answer: B. toddlers
Toddlers and older adolescents have the highest actual rate of death from drowning.
3
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, The nurse caring for an infant with craniosynostosis, specifically positional
plagiocephaly, should prioritize which activity?
A. moving the infant's head every 2 hours
B. measuring the intake and output every shift
C. massaging the scalp gently every 4 hours
D. giving the infant small feedings whenever he is fussy Answer: A. moving the
infant's head every 2 hours
Positional plagiocephaly can occur because the infant's head is allowed to stay in
one position for too long. Because the bones of the skull are soft and moldable, they
can become flattened if the head is allowed to remain in the same position for a long
period of time. Massaging the scalp will not affect the skull. Measuring the intake
and output is important but has no effect on the skull bones. Small feedings are
indicated whenever an infant has increased intracranial pressure, but feeding an
infant each time he fusses is inappropriate care.
The nurse is discussing with a parent the difference between a breath-holding spell
and a seizure. The nurse will be correct in telling the parent which information in
regard to seizures?
A. Seizures are typically outgrown by 4 years of age.
B. Convulsive activity often occurs in seizures.
C. Seizures are typically provoked by pain.
D. The electroencephalogram (EEG) is normal during a seizure. Answer: B.
Convulsive activity often occurs in seizures.
During seizures, convulsive activity is typically noted. Breath-holding spells are
typically provoked by pain or the child being upset, have a normal EEG pattern, and
are typically outgrown by the time the child reaches preschool age.
4
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100% ACCURATE QUESTIONS &ANSWERS.
EXCELLENCE GUARANTEED.
Dexamethasone is often prescribed for the child who has sustained a severe head
injury. Dexamethasone is a(n):
A .diuretic.
B. antihistamine.
C. anticonvulsant.
D. steroid. Answer: D. steroid
Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) may be caused by several factors: head
trauma, birth trauma, hydrocephalus, infection, and/or tumors. Whatever the reason,
the brain swells and becomes inflamed. Dexamethasone is a steroid. A steroid may
be prescribed to reduce inflammation and pressure on vital centers of the brain. The
diuretic mannitol may be used to decrease edema. An anticonvulsant is used with
increased ICP to prevent seizures. An antihistamine would not be warranted for the
treatment of a head injury.
The nurse is reinforcing teaching with the caregivers of a child being discharged
from the urgent care setting following a mild head injury that occurred in a roller
skating accident. What should the caregivers be instructed to do? Select all that
apply.
A. Wake the child every 1 to 2 hours to check level of consciousness.
B. Observe and report any vomiting that occurs within 6 hours.
C. Observe for and report to provider any double or blurred vision.
D. Check the pupil reaction to light every 15 minutes for 12 hours.
1
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,E. Administer acetaminophen for headache. Answer: A. Wake the child every 1 to
2 hours to check level of consciousness.
B. Observe and report any vomiting that occurs within 6 hours.
C. Observe for and report to provider any double or blurred vision.
A child with a concussion should be observed for at least 24 hours and the caregiver
should be prepared to bring the child to the hospital if symptoms worsen. The child
should be awakened every 2 hours to assess that the child wakes easily and has not
developed neurological symptoms. The child should be brought back to the hospital
if the child vomits within 6 hours of the injury or more than two times. Other signs
for parents to watch for are increased sleepiness, a worsening headache, confusion,
or poor balance or walking. No analgesics or sedatives should be administered
during this period of observation. In the home the parents would not be checking
pupil reaction.
The nurse cares for a 7-year-old child with new-onset seizure disorder. Which
prescription will the nurse anticipate for this client?
A. frequent temperature assessment
B. use of anticonvulsant medications
C. ketogenic diet
D. vagus nerve stimulation Answer: B. use of anticonvulsant medications
Complete control of seizures can be achieved for most people through the use of
anticonvulsant drug therapy. These medications are typically used first as treatment
for seizure disorders. Frequent temperature assessment would only be useful in
febrile seizures. Ketogenic diets (high in fat, low in carbohydrates, and adequate in
protein) cause the child to have high levels of ketones, which help to reduce seizure
activity. Diet is generally used when medications cannot control a child's seizure
activity. Stimulating the left vagus nerve intermittently with electrical pulses may
2
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,reduce seizure frequency. This requires surgically implanting a stimulator under the
skin and is approved for children 12 and older.
The nurse is collecting data from a child who may have a seizure disorder. Which
nursing observations suggest an absence seizure?
A. Sudden, momentary loss of muscle tone, with a brief loss of consciousness
B. Muscle tone maintained and child frozen in position
C. Brief, sudden contracture of a muscle or muscle group
D. Minimal or no alteration in muscle tone, with a brief loss of responsiveness or
attention Answer: D. Minimal or no alteration in muscle tone, with a brief loss of
responsiveness or attention
Absence seizures are characterized by a brief loss of responsiveness with minimal
or no alteration in muscle tone. They may go unrecognized because the child's
behavior changes very little. A sudden loss of muscle tone describes atonic seizures.
A frozen position describes the appearance of someone having akinetic seizures. A
brief, sudden contraction of muscles describes a myoclonic seizure.
Which of these age groups has the highest actual rate of death from drowning?
A. infants
B. toddlers
C. preschool children
D. school-aged children Answer: B. toddlers
Toddlers and older adolescents have the highest actual rate of death from drowning.
3
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, The nurse caring for an infant with craniosynostosis, specifically positional
plagiocephaly, should prioritize which activity?
A. moving the infant's head every 2 hours
B. measuring the intake and output every shift
C. massaging the scalp gently every 4 hours
D. giving the infant small feedings whenever he is fussy Answer: A. moving the
infant's head every 2 hours
Positional plagiocephaly can occur because the infant's head is allowed to stay in
one position for too long. Because the bones of the skull are soft and moldable, they
can become flattened if the head is allowed to remain in the same position for a long
period of time. Massaging the scalp will not affect the skull. Measuring the intake
and output is important but has no effect on the skull bones. Small feedings are
indicated whenever an infant has increased intracranial pressure, but feeding an
infant each time he fusses is inappropriate care.
The nurse is discussing with a parent the difference between a breath-holding spell
and a seizure. The nurse will be correct in telling the parent which information in
regard to seizures?
A. Seizures are typically outgrown by 4 years of age.
B. Convulsive activity often occurs in seizures.
C. Seizures are typically provoked by pain.
D. The electroencephalogram (EEG) is normal during a seizure. Answer: B.
Convulsive activity often occurs in seizures.
During seizures, convulsive activity is typically noted. Breath-holding spells are
typically provoked by pain or the child being upset, have a normal EEG pattern, and
are typically outgrown by the time the child reaches preschool age.
4
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