CEN Environment and Toxicology Actual
Study Questions with Expert Graded A+ |
Brand New Edition
1. What are signs of inhalation injury? - ANSWER Hoarse voice, stridor,
carbonaceous sputum
2. What is the treatment for difficult ventilation with circumferential chest
burns? - ANSWER Escharotomy
3. What is the fluid of choice for burns? - ANSWER LR
4. What is the recommendation for adult thermal burn fluid resuscitation? -
ANSWER 2mL/kg X TBSA
5. Fluid Rate for 14-year-olds and up - ANSWER Start LR at 500ml/hr.
6. Fluid Rate for Ages 6-13 - ANSWER Start LR at 250ml/hr.
7. Fluid Rate for Ages 5 and Under - ANSWER Start LR at 125ml/hr.
8. American Burn Association Recommendations - ANSWER Begin LR at
2ml/kg X total BSA for adult thermal burns.
9. Pediatric Thermal Burns Fluid Calculation - ANSWER 3ml/kg X TBSA for
thermal burns
,10.Electrical Burns Fluid Calculation - ANSWER 4ml/kg X TBSA for all age
electrical burns.
11.Parkland Formula - ANSWER (Rarely used)
12.4ml/kg instead of 2ml/kg for adult thermal burn ONLY, 3 ml/kg X TBSA
for pediatric thermal burns, 4 ml/kg X all age electrical burns
13.How quickly do we give fluid for burns? - ANSWER All formulas: first
half of the total volume of fluid over the first 8 hours from time of burn
injury; remaining half over the next 16 hours
14.How to monitor urine output for burns? - ANSWER Monitor urine output to
get 0.5-1.0 ml/kg/hour (1-2 ml/kg/hour for pediatrics), at least 75-100
ml/hour for electrical burns
15.Why do we avoid vasopressors in burns? - ANSWER Due to constriction
increasing tissue damage.
16.Lightning Injury - ANSWER Lichtenberg feathering of skin, ruptured
tympanic membrane.
17.Chemical Exposure Management - ANSWER Brush off dry chemicals like
lime powder prior to irrigation.
Decontaminate outside of facility if fumes. Consider inhalation injury and
support O2 and ventilation.
18.How to manage asphalt/tar exposure? - ANSWER Cool first and apply
emollient to loosen only if ordered by burn professional
,19.Phenol Burns Treatment - ANSWER Copious irrigation with 50% PEG
(MiraLAX) and water.
20.Hydrofluoric Acid Treatment - ANSWER Irrigate for at least 30 min, until
pain relief, then apply 2.5% calcium gluconate gel
21.Alkalis Burns (lye, cement, ammonia) Treatment - ANSWER Cause
liquefaction or saponification (destroy tissue) so require large volume of
irrigation.
22.What is the recommendation for pediatric burn fluid resuscitation? -
ANSWER 3mL/kg X TBSA
23.What is the recommendation for electrical burn fluid resuscitation? -
ANSWER 4mL/kg X TBSA
24.What is the Parkland formula? - ANSWER 4mL/kg X TBSA
25.What is the proper way to fluid resuscitate for burns? - ANSWER 1st half
of total volume over the first 8 hours, remaining half over the next 16 hours
26.What is optimal urine output for electrical burns? - ANSWER 75-100
mL/hr
27.What is a complication/risk with electrical burns? - ANSWER
Rhabdomyolysis, increase IVF; risk of vfib
28.What is Lichtenberg feathering? - ANSWER Marks of static electricity
along vessels of the skin that occurs with lightning strikes
, 29.What is the first step when exposed to dry chemical? - ANSWER Brush it
off
30.What is the treatment for asphalt burn/exposure? - ANSWER Cool and
apply emollient
31.What is the treatment for Phenol (carbolic acid) burns? - ANSWER
Irrigation with miralax and water
32.What is the treatment for hydrofluoric acid (rust remover) burns/exposure? -
ANSWER Irrigate for 30 minutes, then apply 2.5% calcium gluconate gel
33.What are symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning? - ANSWER HA, N/V,
confusion, cherry skin
34.What can cause cyanide poisoning? - ANSWER Burning plastics and carpet
35.What is a sign of cyanide poisoning? - ANSWER Bitter almond smell
36.What is the treatment for cyanide poisoning? - ANSWER Cyanide kit:
Inhaled amyl nitrate, IV sodium nitrate, IV sodium thiosulfate
Cyanokit: hydroxocobalamin
37.What is a side effect of hydroxocobalamin? - ANSWER Turns urine pink
Study Questions with Expert Graded A+ |
Brand New Edition
1. What are signs of inhalation injury? - ANSWER Hoarse voice, stridor,
carbonaceous sputum
2. What is the treatment for difficult ventilation with circumferential chest
burns? - ANSWER Escharotomy
3. What is the fluid of choice for burns? - ANSWER LR
4. What is the recommendation for adult thermal burn fluid resuscitation? -
ANSWER 2mL/kg X TBSA
5. Fluid Rate for 14-year-olds and up - ANSWER Start LR at 500ml/hr.
6. Fluid Rate for Ages 6-13 - ANSWER Start LR at 250ml/hr.
7. Fluid Rate for Ages 5 and Under - ANSWER Start LR at 125ml/hr.
8. American Burn Association Recommendations - ANSWER Begin LR at
2ml/kg X total BSA for adult thermal burns.
9. Pediatric Thermal Burns Fluid Calculation - ANSWER 3ml/kg X TBSA for
thermal burns
,10.Electrical Burns Fluid Calculation - ANSWER 4ml/kg X TBSA for all age
electrical burns.
11.Parkland Formula - ANSWER (Rarely used)
12.4ml/kg instead of 2ml/kg for adult thermal burn ONLY, 3 ml/kg X TBSA
for pediatric thermal burns, 4 ml/kg X all age electrical burns
13.How quickly do we give fluid for burns? - ANSWER All formulas: first
half of the total volume of fluid over the first 8 hours from time of burn
injury; remaining half over the next 16 hours
14.How to monitor urine output for burns? - ANSWER Monitor urine output to
get 0.5-1.0 ml/kg/hour (1-2 ml/kg/hour for pediatrics), at least 75-100
ml/hour for electrical burns
15.Why do we avoid vasopressors in burns? - ANSWER Due to constriction
increasing tissue damage.
16.Lightning Injury - ANSWER Lichtenberg feathering of skin, ruptured
tympanic membrane.
17.Chemical Exposure Management - ANSWER Brush off dry chemicals like
lime powder prior to irrigation.
Decontaminate outside of facility if fumes. Consider inhalation injury and
support O2 and ventilation.
18.How to manage asphalt/tar exposure? - ANSWER Cool first and apply
emollient to loosen only if ordered by burn professional
,19.Phenol Burns Treatment - ANSWER Copious irrigation with 50% PEG
(MiraLAX) and water.
20.Hydrofluoric Acid Treatment - ANSWER Irrigate for at least 30 min, until
pain relief, then apply 2.5% calcium gluconate gel
21.Alkalis Burns (lye, cement, ammonia) Treatment - ANSWER Cause
liquefaction or saponification (destroy tissue) so require large volume of
irrigation.
22.What is the recommendation for pediatric burn fluid resuscitation? -
ANSWER 3mL/kg X TBSA
23.What is the recommendation for electrical burn fluid resuscitation? -
ANSWER 4mL/kg X TBSA
24.What is the Parkland formula? - ANSWER 4mL/kg X TBSA
25.What is the proper way to fluid resuscitate for burns? - ANSWER 1st half
of total volume over the first 8 hours, remaining half over the next 16 hours
26.What is optimal urine output for electrical burns? - ANSWER 75-100
mL/hr
27.What is a complication/risk with electrical burns? - ANSWER
Rhabdomyolysis, increase IVF; risk of vfib
28.What is Lichtenberg feathering? - ANSWER Marks of static electricity
along vessels of the skin that occurs with lightning strikes
, 29.What is the first step when exposed to dry chemical? - ANSWER Brush it
off
30.What is the treatment for asphalt burn/exposure? - ANSWER Cool and
apply emollient
31.What is the treatment for Phenol (carbolic acid) burns? - ANSWER
Irrigation with miralax and water
32.What is the treatment for hydrofluoric acid (rust remover) burns/exposure? -
ANSWER Irrigate for 30 minutes, then apply 2.5% calcium gluconate gel
33.What are symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning? - ANSWER HA, N/V,
confusion, cherry skin
34.What can cause cyanide poisoning? - ANSWER Burning plastics and carpet
35.What is a sign of cyanide poisoning? - ANSWER Bitter almond smell
36.What is the treatment for cyanide poisoning? - ANSWER Cyanide kit:
Inhaled amyl nitrate, IV sodium nitrate, IV sodium thiosulfate
Cyanokit: hydroxocobalamin
37.What is a side effect of hydroxocobalamin? - ANSWER Turns urine pink
