2
psych 435 Newest exam 3 with verified detailed answers || || || || || || || ||
who is henry molaison? - ✔✔- began having progressive seizures at 10
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
- removal of most of both temporal lobes
|| || || || || || || ||
- lost ability to form new memories
|| || || || || || ||
- retained previous memories
|| || ||
- procedural knowledge was intact, declarative was more impaired
|| || || || || || || || ||
- 1930s-1940s: suffering with epilepsy; can start in one place and spread. HM had it in the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
temporal lobe ||
- in 1953, they removed bilaterally, the bottom parts of temporal lobe
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
- his seizures were significantly reduced, could function reasonably well, but could not
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
remember any new info || || || ||
- had consciousness & saw what was happening but he did not put that into long term
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
memory ||
- lost ability to store new memories; had old mems like knowing how to play piano &
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
procedural memory; procedural is in a different part of the brain, so it was still intact.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
what is amnesia? what are the two kinds? - ✔✔- amnesia is the failure of storage and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
retrieval
- there are two kinds: anterograde and retrograde
|| || || || || || ||
what is anterograde amnesia? - ✔✔- anterograde amnesia is a failure to remember
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
something that occurs after the accident || || || || ||
what is retrograde amnesia? - ✔✔- retrograde amnesia is a failure to remember something
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
that occurs before the accident
|| || || ||
,2
figure 12. 1 - ✔✔- asdf || || || || ||
what are the mechanisms of consolidation and retrieval? - ✔✔- consolidation is the creation
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
of a memory
|| || ||
- retrieval is the process of accessing a memory
|| || || || || || || || ||
- two memory stages: short term and long term
|| || || || || || || ||
explain the hippocampal activity related to consolidation in figure 12.4 - ✔✔- asdf
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
explain the hippocampal activity in the human brain during retrieval in figure 12.5? - ✔✔-
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
low recall in frontal and visual
|| || || || || ||
- when brain is trying to remember, but it can't easily, you would see prefrontal
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- when people recall, they have hippocampal activity
|| || || || || || || ||
- 2 different brain activity for east recall and difficult recall
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
- something presented auditory is prefrontal
|| || || || ||
- depends on what is presented and what sensory that is
|| || || || || || || || || ||
explain the stages of consolidation in figure 12.2? - ✔✔- short term mem: seconds to hours
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- long term mem: hours to months
|| || || || || || ||
- long lasting mem: months to lifetime
|| || || || || || ||
- experiencing everyday all the time is the kind of memory stuff is likely to stick with you
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
for long term || ||
what is modality? - ✔✔- visual: signts
|| || || || || || ||
- auditory: sounds
|| ||
- tactile/haptic: touch
|| || ||
, 2
- olfactory: smell (flavor)
|| || ||
- gustatory: taste (flavor)
|| || ||
explain the functional MRI scans of brains during perception and recall in figure 12.6? -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
✔✔- they're using pictures and sounds: activity in same area for perception and recall of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
pictures ||
- for audio, there is more left hemisphere prefrontal activation for recall; perception, there is
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
activity in both hemispheres
|| || || || ||
- same areas used for perception will be used in the recall of same items!
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- hippocampus is typically active in perception/learning and retrieval
|| || || || || || || ||
where are memories stored? - ✔✔- temporary storage in the hippocampal formation
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
- more permanent memory consolidation elsewhere in brain
|| || || || || || || ||
- place cells code for specific locations in the environment
|| || || || || || || || ||
- the monkeys from the last chapter fired their neurons, in the hippocampus and as a result,
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
they would have issues with consolidation
|| || || || ||
- hippocampus activates and stores mems in other parts of brain: bilateral lessions of hippo?
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
BAD = basically no mems; one side removed? not as bad!
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
- hippo temp stores info itself! neural locks where mems are formed is hippo
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- more permanent/long term: cortical! motor mems is cerebellum like biking!
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
- facts = cortical
|| || || ||
- temp working mem of immediate now = HIPPO
|| || || || || || || || ||
- specific neurons in hippo activiate in particular regions: hippo neurons firing because of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
where we are AND coding for place you are in
|| || || || || || || || || ||
- memories are stored all over the brain, almost all of the brain is involved in memory
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
storage
psych 435 Newest exam 3 with verified detailed answers || || || || || || || ||
who is henry molaison? - ✔✔- began having progressive seizures at 10
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
- removal of most of both temporal lobes
|| || || || || || || ||
- lost ability to form new memories
|| || || || || || ||
- retained previous memories
|| || ||
- procedural knowledge was intact, declarative was more impaired
|| || || || || || || || ||
- 1930s-1940s: suffering with epilepsy; can start in one place and spread. HM had it in the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
temporal lobe ||
- in 1953, they removed bilaterally, the bottom parts of temporal lobe
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
- his seizures were significantly reduced, could function reasonably well, but could not
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
remember any new info || || || ||
- had consciousness & saw what was happening but he did not put that into long term
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
memory ||
- lost ability to store new memories; had old mems like knowing how to play piano &
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
procedural memory; procedural is in a different part of the brain, so it was still intact.
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
what is amnesia? what are the two kinds? - ✔✔- amnesia is the failure of storage and
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
retrieval
- there are two kinds: anterograde and retrograde
|| || || || || || ||
what is anterograde amnesia? - ✔✔- anterograde amnesia is a failure to remember
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
something that occurs after the accident || || || || ||
what is retrograde amnesia? - ✔✔- retrograde amnesia is a failure to remember something
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
that occurs before the accident
|| || || ||
,2
figure 12. 1 - ✔✔- asdf || || || || ||
what are the mechanisms of consolidation and retrieval? - ✔✔- consolidation is the creation
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
of a memory
|| || ||
- retrieval is the process of accessing a memory
|| || || || || || || || ||
- two memory stages: short term and long term
|| || || || || || || ||
explain the hippocampal activity related to consolidation in figure 12.4 - ✔✔- asdf
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
explain the hippocampal activity in the human brain during retrieval in figure 12.5? - ✔✔-
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
low recall in frontal and visual
|| || || || || ||
- when brain is trying to remember, but it can't easily, you would see prefrontal
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- when people recall, they have hippocampal activity
|| || || || || || || ||
- 2 different brain activity for east recall and difficult recall
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
- something presented auditory is prefrontal
|| || || || ||
- depends on what is presented and what sensory that is
|| || || || || || || || || ||
explain the stages of consolidation in figure 12.2? - ✔✔- short term mem: seconds to hours
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- long term mem: hours to months
|| || || || || || ||
- long lasting mem: months to lifetime
|| || || || || || ||
- experiencing everyday all the time is the kind of memory stuff is likely to stick with you
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
for long term || ||
what is modality? - ✔✔- visual: signts
|| || || || || || ||
- auditory: sounds
|| ||
- tactile/haptic: touch
|| || ||
, 2
- olfactory: smell (flavor)
|| || ||
- gustatory: taste (flavor)
|| || ||
explain the functional MRI scans of brains during perception and recall in figure 12.6? -
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
✔✔- they're using pictures and sounds: activity in same area for perception and recall of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
pictures ||
- for audio, there is more left hemisphere prefrontal activation for recall; perception, there is
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
activity in both hemispheres
|| || || || ||
- same areas used for perception will be used in the recall of same items!
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- hippocampus is typically active in perception/learning and retrieval
|| || || || || || || ||
where are memories stored? - ✔✔- temporary storage in the hippocampal formation
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
- more permanent memory consolidation elsewhere in brain
|| || || || || || || ||
- place cells code for specific locations in the environment
|| || || || || || || || ||
- the monkeys from the last chapter fired their neurons, in the hippocampus and as a result,
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
they would have issues with consolidation
|| || || || ||
- hippocampus activates and stores mems in other parts of brain: bilateral lessions of hippo?
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
BAD = basically no mems; one side removed? not as bad!
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
- hippo temp stores info itself! neural locks where mems are formed is hippo
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
- more permanent/long term: cortical! motor mems is cerebellum like biking!
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
- facts = cortical
|| || || ||
- temp working mem of immediate now = HIPPO
|| || || || || || || || ||
- specific neurons in hippo activiate in particular regions: hippo neurons firing because of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
where we are AND coding for place you are in
|| || || || || || || || || ||
- memories are stored all over the brain, almost all of the brain is involved in memory
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
storage
