NURS 337 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Inflammation - Answers - Sequential response to cell injury
Neutralizes and dilutes inflammatory agent
Removes necrotic materials
Establishes an environment suitable for healing and repair
vascular response - Answers - Dilutes the area products
First phase of inflammatory response
Histamines and other mediators are released that cause vasodilation and increased
vascular permeability
vasodilation - Answers - causes heat and redness
increased vascular permeability - Answers - fluid shift causing edema and pain
cellular response - Answers - engulfs, destroys, creates immunity
Second phase of inflammatory response
Migration of WBCs to site by chemotaxis
Neutrophils within hours (engulf and destroy)
Monocytes within days (clean up debris)
Lymphocytes (create immunity)
histamine - Answers - causes vasodilation and capillary permeability
serotonin - Answers - causes vasodilation, capillary permeability, and smooth muscle
contraction
kinins - Answers - stimulate pain receptors at site of inflammation
complement - Answers - histamine release, chemotaxis
prostaglandins - Answers - cause vasodilation
leukotrines - Answers - cause vasodilation and chemotaxis
cytokines - Answers - inflammatory mediators
left - Answers - increased WBC count with shift to the ___
fever - Answers - cytokines and prostaglandins can cause this
, purulent - Answers - this type of drainage indicates infection
cloudy, yellow drainage
catarrhal - Answers - sinus drainage
serous - Answers - yellowish tinge fo blood
clear, not infected
4.5-6 million/mcl - Answers - Normal RBC count range
12-16 gm/dL - Answers - Normal female Hgb range
14-18 gm/dL - Answers - Normal male Hgb range
37-47% - Answers - normal female hematocrit
42-52% - Answers - Normal male hematocrit
5,000-10,000/mcL - Answers - Normal WBC range
150,000-400,00/mcL - Answers - normal platelet range
C-reactive protein (CRP) - Answers - elevation of this is a non-specific sign of
inflammation
diagnostic test for pneumonia
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR; sed rate) - Answers - elevation of this is a non-
specific sign of inflammation
procalcitonin - Answers - elevation of this indicates inflammation from bacterial infection
marker of bacteria caused inflammation used in testing for pneumonia
acute - Answers - this inflammation lasts 2-3 weeks with no residual damage usually
Neutrophils are main cell type
Subacute - Answers - this inflammation lasts >3 weeks with no residual damage usually
Neutrophils are main cell type
chronic - Answers - this inflammation may last for years with injurious agent persisting
or repeating injury to site
main cell types are lymphocytes and macrophages
may result from changes in immune system (autoimmune disease)
inhibit prostaglandins - Answers - give Acetaminophen and NSAIDS (ibuprofen) to do
this
ANSWERS
Inflammation - Answers - Sequential response to cell injury
Neutralizes and dilutes inflammatory agent
Removes necrotic materials
Establishes an environment suitable for healing and repair
vascular response - Answers - Dilutes the area products
First phase of inflammatory response
Histamines and other mediators are released that cause vasodilation and increased
vascular permeability
vasodilation - Answers - causes heat and redness
increased vascular permeability - Answers - fluid shift causing edema and pain
cellular response - Answers - engulfs, destroys, creates immunity
Second phase of inflammatory response
Migration of WBCs to site by chemotaxis
Neutrophils within hours (engulf and destroy)
Monocytes within days (clean up debris)
Lymphocytes (create immunity)
histamine - Answers - causes vasodilation and capillary permeability
serotonin - Answers - causes vasodilation, capillary permeability, and smooth muscle
contraction
kinins - Answers - stimulate pain receptors at site of inflammation
complement - Answers - histamine release, chemotaxis
prostaglandins - Answers - cause vasodilation
leukotrines - Answers - cause vasodilation and chemotaxis
cytokines - Answers - inflammatory mediators
left - Answers - increased WBC count with shift to the ___
fever - Answers - cytokines and prostaglandins can cause this
, purulent - Answers - this type of drainage indicates infection
cloudy, yellow drainage
catarrhal - Answers - sinus drainage
serous - Answers - yellowish tinge fo blood
clear, not infected
4.5-6 million/mcl - Answers - Normal RBC count range
12-16 gm/dL - Answers - Normal female Hgb range
14-18 gm/dL - Answers - Normal male Hgb range
37-47% - Answers - normal female hematocrit
42-52% - Answers - Normal male hematocrit
5,000-10,000/mcL - Answers - Normal WBC range
150,000-400,00/mcL - Answers - normal platelet range
C-reactive protein (CRP) - Answers - elevation of this is a non-specific sign of
inflammation
diagnostic test for pneumonia
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR; sed rate) - Answers - elevation of this is a non-
specific sign of inflammation
procalcitonin - Answers - elevation of this indicates inflammation from bacterial infection
marker of bacteria caused inflammation used in testing for pneumonia
acute - Answers - this inflammation lasts 2-3 weeks with no residual damage usually
Neutrophils are main cell type
Subacute - Answers - this inflammation lasts >3 weeks with no residual damage usually
Neutrophils are main cell type
chronic - Answers - this inflammation may last for years with injurious agent persisting
or repeating injury to site
main cell types are lymphocytes and macrophages
may result from changes in immune system (autoimmune disease)
inhibit prostaglandins - Answers - give Acetaminophen and NSAIDS (ibuprofen) to do
this
