NSG 310 EXAM 1 (GCU) COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW:
INTRODUCTION TO PROFESSIONAL NURSING PRACTICE,
ETHICS, HISTORY, METAPARADIGM, AND NURSING PROCESS
WITH 200 MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS, CORRECT ANSWERS,
AND DETAILED RATIONALES FOR THE UPCOMING ACTUAL
EXAM
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who is a Jehovah's Witness and
refuses a life-saving blood transfusion. The nurse respects the
patient's decision. This is an example of which ethical principle?
a. Beneficence
b. Justice
c. Nonmaleficence
d. Autonomy
Correct Answer: d. Autonomy
Rationale: Autonomy refers to the patient's right to self-determination
and to make their own decisions regarding their healthcare, even if
those decisions are not in their best medical interest.
2. A home health nurse notices that a patient's medication is not
being taken correctly. After discussing the issue, the patient agrees to
a new, simplified schedule. The nurse is primarily acting in which
professional role?
a. Advocate
b. Manager
,c. Educator
d. Researcher
Correct Answer: c. Educator
Rationale: The nurse is actively teaching the patient about their
medication schedule, which is a core component of the educator role.
3. The first official nursing school, based on the principles of Florence
Nightingale, was established in which location?
a. New York, USA
b. London, England
c. Paris, France
d. Rome, Italy
Correct Answer: b. London, England
Rationale: Florence Nightingale established the first training school for
nurses at St. Thomas's Hospital in London in 1860, which became a
model for nursing education.
4. A nurse is caring for a patient who has a newly diagnosed chronic
illness. By helping the patient find meaning and purpose in their new
life situation, the nurse is assisting in which aspect of care?
a. Physical restoration
b. Emotional and spiritual support
c. Financial counseling
d. Social work referral
Correct Answer: b. Emotional and spiritual support
Rationale: Helping a patient find hope and meaning in the face of
,chronic illness is a key function of providing holistic emotional and
spiritual support.
5. A nursing student is writing a care plan. The student identifies the
patient's risk for impaired skin integrity. This is an example of which
step of the nursing process?
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Evaluation
Correct Answer: b. Diagnosis
Rationale: The nursing diagnosis is a clinical judgment about actual or
potential health problems. "Risk for impaired skin integrity" is a NANDA-
approved nursing diagnosis.
6. Dorothea Dix is best known for her work in which area?
a. Founding the American Red Cross
b. Establishing the Henry Street Settlement
c. Reforming the treatment of the mentally ill
d. Developing the first nursing theory
Correct Answer: c. Reforming the treatment of the mentally ill
Rationale: Dorothea Dix was a prominent activist who lobbied for the
creation of mental asylums and for improved, humane treatment of the
mentally ill.
, 7. A nurse is caring for a patient who is in pain. The nurse administers
a prescribed pain medication and re-evaluates the patient's pain level
30 minutes later. This action best demonstrates the principle of:
a. Accountability
b. Authority
c. Advocacy
d. Autonomy
Correct Answer: a. Accountability
Rationale: Accountability is being answerable for one's own actions and
ensuring that care provided is safe and effective. Re-evaluating the
patient is a key part of being accountable for the intervention.
8. The "metaparadigm" of nursing includes the four key concepts of
person, environment, health, and:
a. Nursing
b. Illness
c. Caring
d. Society
Correct Answer: a. Nursing
Rationale: The nursing metaparadigm is the global framework for the
discipline and consists of person, environment, health, and nursing.
9. A nurse provides a patient with all the information about a surgical
procedure, including its risks, benefits, and alternatives, and allows
the patient to make an informed decision. This nurse is upholding the
ethical principle of:
a. Veracity
INTRODUCTION TO PROFESSIONAL NURSING PRACTICE,
ETHICS, HISTORY, METAPARADIGM, AND NURSING PROCESS
WITH 200 MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS, CORRECT ANSWERS,
AND DETAILED RATIONALES FOR THE UPCOMING ACTUAL
EXAM
1. A nurse is caring for a patient who is a Jehovah's Witness and
refuses a life-saving blood transfusion. The nurse respects the
patient's decision. This is an example of which ethical principle?
a. Beneficence
b. Justice
c. Nonmaleficence
d. Autonomy
Correct Answer: d. Autonomy
Rationale: Autonomy refers to the patient's right to self-determination
and to make their own decisions regarding their healthcare, even if
those decisions are not in their best medical interest.
2. A home health nurse notices that a patient's medication is not
being taken correctly. After discussing the issue, the patient agrees to
a new, simplified schedule. The nurse is primarily acting in which
professional role?
a. Advocate
b. Manager
,c. Educator
d. Researcher
Correct Answer: c. Educator
Rationale: The nurse is actively teaching the patient about their
medication schedule, which is a core component of the educator role.
3. The first official nursing school, based on the principles of Florence
Nightingale, was established in which location?
a. New York, USA
b. London, England
c. Paris, France
d. Rome, Italy
Correct Answer: b. London, England
Rationale: Florence Nightingale established the first training school for
nurses at St. Thomas's Hospital in London in 1860, which became a
model for nursing education.
4. A nurse is caring for a patient who has a newly diagnosed chronic
illness. By helping the patient find meaning and purpose in their new
life situation, the nurse is assisting in which aspect of care?
a. Physical restoration
b. Emotional and spiritual support
c. Financial counseling
d. Social work referral
Correct Answer: b. Emotional and spiritual support
Rationale: Helping a patient find hope and meaning in the face of
,chronic illness is a key function of providing holistic emotional and
spiritual support.
5. A nursing student is writing a care plan. The student identifies the
patient's risk for impaired skin integrity. This is an example of which
step of the nursing process?
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Evaluation
Correct Answer: b. Diagnosis
Rationale: The nursing diagnosis is a clinical judgment about actual or
potential health problems. "Risk for impaired skin integrity" is a NANDA-
approved nursing diagnosis.
6. Dorothea Dix is best known for her work in which area?
a. Founding the American Red Cross
b. Establishing the Henry Street Settlement
c. Reforming the treatment of the mentally ill
d. Developing the first nursing theory
Correct Answer: c. Reforming the treatment of the mentally ill
Rationale: Dorothea Dix was a prominent activist who lobbied for the
creation of mental asylums and for improved, humane treatment of the
mentally ill.
, 7. A nurse is caring for a patient who is in pain. The nurse administers
a prescribed pain medication and re-evaluates the patient's pain level
30 minutes later. This action best demonstrates the principle of:
a. Accountability
b. Authority
c. Advocacy
d. Autonomy
Correct Answer: a. Accountability
Rationale: Accountability is being answerable for one's own actions and
ensuring that care provided is safe and effective. Re-evaluating the
patient is a key part of being accountable for the intervention.
8. The "metaparadigm" of nursing includes the four key concepts of
person, environment, health, and:
a. Nursing
b. Illness
c. Caring
d. Society
Correct Answer: a. Nursing
Rationale: The nursing metaparadigm is the global framework for the
discipline and consists of person, environment, health, and nursing.
9. A nurse provides a patient with all the information about a surgical
procedure, including its risks, benefits, and alternatives, and allows
the patient to make an informed decision. This nurse is upholding the
ethical principle of:
a. Veracity
