UTA CP2 NURS 5338 - Final Exam Review Questions and Correct Answers/ Latest Update / Already Graded

UTA CP2 NURS 5338 - Final Exam Review Questions and Correct Answers/ Latest Update / Already Graded Moderate-Intensity Statins - ANSWER -Statins that lower LDL cholesterol by 30 49%, recommended for patients with diabetes aged 40-75 years. High-Intensity Statins - ANSWER -Statins that lower LDL cholesterol by 50% or more, recommended for patients with diabetes at higher cardiovascular risk. Insulin Resistance - ANSWER -A condition where the body's cells become less responsive to insulin, often leading to higher blood sugar levels. Statins - ANSWER -Medications used to lower cholesterol levels in the blood, primarily by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. LDL Cholesterol - ANSWER -A type of cholesterol that can accumulate in the walls of arteries, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. HDL Cholesterol - ANSWER -A type of cholesterol that helps transport LDL cholesterol away from the arteries and back to the liver for removal. Hypertension - ANSWER -A condition characterized by consistently elevated blood pressure, which can lead to serious health issues if untreated. ACE Inhibitors - ANSWER -A class of medications that help relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme. Calcium Channel Blockers - ANSWER -Medications that prevent calcium from entering cells of the heart and blood vessel walls, leading to lower blood pressure. ROME IV Criteria - ANSWER -Guidelines used to diagnose functional gastrointestinal disorders, focusing on symptom-based diagnosis. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - ANSWER -A common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habits. Giardiasis - ANSWER -An infection caused by the Giardia lamblia parasite, leading to gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and abdominal pain. Hepatitis A - ANSWER -A viral infection primarily spread through contaminated food and water, preventable by vaccination. Hepatitis B - ANSWER -A viral infection primarily transmitted through sexual contact and blood exposure, also preventable by vaccination. Hepatitis C - ANSWER -A viral infection primarily spread through blood-to blood contact, often leading to chronic liver disease. Triglycerides - ANSWER -A type of fat found in the blood that can increase the risk of heart disease when levels are elevated. Chronic Kidney Disease - ANSWER -A long-term condition where the kidneys do not function effectively, often associated with hypertension and diabetes. Atherosclerosis - ANSWER -A disease characterized by the buildup of fatty deposits in the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow and increased cardiovascular risk. Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders - ANSWER -A group of disorders characterized by chronic gastrointestinal symptoms without identifiable structural or biochemical abnormalities. HBsAg - ANSWER -A protein on the surface of the hepatitis B virus; its presence indicates an active infection. Anti-HBs - ANSWER -An antibody that indicates recovery from hepatitis B infection or successful vaccination against it. Anti-HBc IgM - ANSWER -An antibody that indicates a recent or acute infection with hepatitis B. Anti-HBc IgG - ANSWER -An antibody that indicates a past infection with hepatitis B. Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) - ANSWER -A simple test that compares the blood pressure in the ankle with the blood pressure in the arm to assess for peripheral artery disease (PAD). Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) - ANSWER -A condition characterized by narrowed arteries that reduce blood flow to the limbs, often causing leg pain during physical activity. Nosocomial Infections - ANSWER -Infections acquired in healthcare settings that were not present at the time of admission, often caused by gram-negative bacteria. Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) - ANSWER -Infections that occur in the urinary system, often associated with catheter use. Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) - ANSWER -Infections that occur after surgery in the part of the body where the surgery took place. Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia - ANSWER -A type of pneumonia that occurs in people who are on mechanical ventilation, often due to bacteria. Straight Leg Raise Test - ANSWER -A physical examination maneuver used to assess nerve root compression in patients with lower back pain. Erectile Dysfunction - ANSWER -The inability to achieve or maintain an erection