Pharmacology Flashcards Exam question
and correct answers (verified answers 100%)
Q&A 2026/2027 INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. A nurse is administering a medication that stimulates the sympathetic
nervous system. Which effect should the nurse expect?
A. Decreased heart rate
B. Increased bronchial constriction
C. Increased heart rate and blood pressure
D. Increased gastrointestinal motility
Correct Answer: C. Increased heart rate and blood pressure
Rationale: Sympathomimetic medications activate the sympathetic nervous
system, causing increased heart rate, vasoconstriction, and elevated blood
pressure.
2. Which medication is classified as an opioid analgesic?
A. Ibuprofen
B. Acetaminophen
C. Morphine
D. Aspirin
Correct Answer: C. Morphine
Rationale: Morphine is an opioid analgesic used for moderate to severe pain by
binding to opioid receptors in the central nervous system.
3. A patient receiving morphine should be monitored closely for which adverse
effect?
,A. Hypertension
B. Respiratory depression
C. Increased bowel movement
D. Hyperactivity
Correct Answer: B. Respiratory depression
Rationale: Opioids depress the respiratory center in the brainstem, making
respiratory rate and oxygen saturation monitoring essential.
4. Which medication is the antidote for opioid overdose?
A. Flumazenil
B. Naloxone
C. Atropine
D. Protamine sulfate
Correct Answer: B. Naloxone
Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that rapidly reverses opioid-induced
respiratory depression.
5. A nurse should teach a patient taking antibiotics to complete the entire
prescription because it helps to:
A. Prevent antibiotic resistance
B. Increase medication absorption
C. Reduce allergic reactions
D. Prevent nausea
Correct Answer: A. Prevent antibiotic resistance
Rationale: Completing antibiotics ensures elimination of bacteria and reduces
development of resistant organisms.
,6. Which laboratory value is most important to monitor for a patient receiving
heparin therapy?
A. INR
B. aPTT
C. Hemoglobin A1C
D. Serum sodium
Correct Answer: B. aPTT
Rationale: Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) measures the
effectiveness and safety of unfractionated heparin therapy.
7. Warfarin therapy requires monitoring of which laboratory test?
A. Platelet count
B. INR
C. Creatinine
D. Blood glucose
Correct Answer: B. INR
Rationale: INR measures the effectiveness of warfarin and helps prevent bleeding
complications.
8. Which medication is commonly used to treat hypertension?
A. Lisinopril
B. Omeprazole
C. Albuterol
D. Levothyroxine
Correct Answer: A. Lisinopril
Rationale: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor that lowers blood pressure by preventing
formation of angiotensin II.
, 9. A patient taking an ACE inhibitor should immediately report:
A. Mild headache
B. Dry cough
C. Swelling of lips and face
D. Increased appetite
Correct Answer: C. Swelling of lips and face
Rationale: Facial and lip swelling may indicate angioedema, a potentially life-
threatening reaction to ACE inhibitors.
10. Which medication reverses benzodiazepine toxicity?
A. Naloxone
B. Vitamin K
C. Flumazenil
D. Calcium gluconate
Correct Answer: C. Flumazenil
Rationale: Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist used to reverse
excessive sedation from benzodiazepines.
11. A patient receiving insulin is at greatest risk for which adverse effect?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hypertension
D. Constipation
Correct Answer: B. Hypoglycemia
Rationale: Insulin lowers blood glucose, and excessive doses can cause
dangerously low blood sugar levels.
and correct answers (verified answers 100%)
Q&A 2026/2027 INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. A nurse is administering a medication that stimulates the sympathetic
nervous system. Which effect should the nurse expect?
A. Decreased heart rate
B. Increased bronchial constriction
C. Increased heart rate and blood pressure
D. Increased gastrointestinal motility
Correct Answer: C. Increased heart rate and blood pressure
Rationale: Sympathomimetic medications activate the sympathetic nervous
system, causing increased heart rate, vasoconstriction, and elevated blood
pressure.
2. Which medication is classified as an opioid analgesic?
A. Ibuprofen
B. Acetaminophen
C. Morphine
D. Aspirin
Correct Answer: C. Morphine
Rationale: Morphine is an opioid analgesic used for moderate to severe pain by
binding to opioid receptors in the central nervous system.
3. A patient receiving morphine should be monitored closely for which adverse
effect?
,A. Hypertension
B. Respiratory depression
C. Increased bowel movement
D. Hyperactivity
Correct Answer: B. Respiratory depression
Rationale: Opioids depress the respiratory center in the brainstem, making
respiratory rate and oxygen saturation monitoring essential.
4. Which medication is the antidote for opioid overdose?
A. Flumazenil
B. Naloxone
C. Atropine
D. Protamine sulfate
Correct Answer: B. Naloxone
Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that rapidly reverses opioid-induced
respiratory depression.
5. A nurse should teach a patient taking antibiotics to complete the entire
prescription because it helps to:
A. Prevent antibiotic resistance
B. Increase medication absorption
C. Reduce allergic reactions
D. Prevent nausea
Correct Answer: A. Prevent antibiotic resistance
Rationale: Completing antibiotics ensures elimination of bacteria and reduces
development of resistant organisms.
,6. Which laboratory value is most important to monitor for a patient receiving
heparin therapy?
A. INR
B. aPTT
C. Hemoglobin A1C
D. Serum sodium
Correct Answer: B. aPTT
Rationale: Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) measures the
effectiveness and safety of unfractionated heparin therapy.
7. Warfarin therapy requires monitoring of which laboratory test?
A. Platelet count
B. INR
C. Creatinine
D. Blood glucose
Correct Answer: B. INR
Rationale: INR measures the effectiveness of warfarin and helps prevent bleeding
complications.
8. Which medication is commonly used to treat hypertension?
A. Lisinopril
B. Omeprazole
C. Albuterol
D. Levothyroxine
Correct Answer: A. Lisinopril
Rationale: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor that lowers blood pressure by preventing
formation of angiotensin II.
, 9. A patient taking an ACE inhibitor should immediately report:
A. Mild headache
B. Dry cough
C. Swelling of lips and face
D. Increased appetite
Correct Answer: C. Swelling of lips and face
Rationale: Facial and lip swelling may indicate angioedema, a potentially life-
threatening reaction to ACE inhibitors.
10. Which medication reverses benzodiazepine toxicity?
A. Naloxone
B. Vitamin K
C. Flumazenil
D. Calcium gluconate
Correct Answer: C. Flumazenil
Rationale: Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist used to reverse
excessive sedation from benzodiazepines.
11. A patient receiving insulin is at greatest risk for which adverse effect?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hypertension
D. Constipation
Correct Answer: B. Hypoglycemia
Rationale: Insulin lowers blood glucose, and excessive doses can cause
dangerously low blood sugar levels.
